Grant List
Represents Grant table in the DB
GET /v1/grants?sort=-program_officials
{ "links": { "first": "https://cic-apps.datascience.columbia.edu/v1/grants?page%5Bnumber%5D=1&sort=-program_officials", "last": "https://cic-apps.datascience.columbia.edu/v1/grants?page%5Bnumber%5D=1424&sort=-program_officials", "next": "https://cic-apps.datascience.columbia.edu/v1/grants?page%5Bnumber%5D=2&sort=-program_officials", "prev": null }, "data": [ { "type": "Grant", "id": "15992", "attributes": { "award_id": "1R01NR021707-01A1", "title": "Organizational Changes to Reduce Nurse Burnout", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "National Institute of Nursing Research (NINR)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 44444, "first_name": "KAREN MARIE", "last_name": "MCNAMARA", "orcid": "", "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2026-01-29", "end_date": "2029-12-31", "award_amount": 2009207, "principal_investigator": { "id": 26621, "first_name": "Karen Blanchette", "last_name": "Lasater", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 2627, "ror": "", "name": "UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "PA", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "This study evaluates multi-level interventions—ranging from state-level policy action to healthcare organizational strategy and frontline care delivery innovations—to effectively prevent nurse burnout and mitigate the severity of burnout among the roughly half of hospital-based nurses already burned-out. Study objectives will be accomplished by leveraging unique data from thousands of nurses in approximately 535 hospitals in multiple states (CA, FL, NJ, PA) across 4 time-points spanning 20 years. We will generate repeated samples of these hospitals at multiple time-points (already collected: 2006, 2016, 2024, to be collected 2026). Using a repeated cross-sectional design with changing organizational and policy influences overtime, we are uniquely positioned to evaluate potentially causal relationships of modifiable organizational factors and state-level policy interventions on nurse burnout. Each time-period of data includes repeated measures of nurse outcomes (e.g., burnout, job dissatisfaction, intent to leave employment), and hospital factors and models of care (e.g., staffing levels, work environment, Magnet). These cross-sections of data will be linked with contemporaneous American Hospital Association data for considering structural features of hospitals (e.g. teaching status). In combination, we will have 4 cross-sections of data from 535 hospitals (with fluctuating nurse populations), with changing organizational, policy, and other intervening influences (e.g. CA staffing policy relative to non-policy states, 2008 Great Recession, 2020 Covid-19 pandemic). Our quantitative analytic approach uses hierarchical models with time-varying covariates to capture the multilevel structure of the data, as well as difference-in-difference models with propensity score weighting for rigorous causal inferences of changes in organizational factors on changes in outcomes. Using data collected in 2026, we will empirically identify typologies of hospitals with respect to their proportions of nurses with high burnout and average tenure and conduct in-depth interviews with key nurse leaders (hospital nurse executives, nurse managers) in hospitals representative of each of the typologies to elucidate the facilitators and barriers to reducing hospital nurse burnout and turnover. This multi-modal study has novel potential for sustained impact since it will (1) evaluate the impact of modifiable organizational and policy changes on hospital nursing and models of care on nurse burnout; (2) leverage 20 years of repeated cross-sections of data to evaluate potentially causal mechanisms between modifiable hospital factors and external policy interventions on nurse burnout; (3) evaluate currently employed nurses and those who recently left employment to understand whether the reasons nurses say they would leave hospital employment are the same as the reasons they actually leave; (4) integrate quantitative findings with qualitative frontline hospital leadership perspectives to move from evidence to action. The cumulative evidence will inform targeted recommendations for policy and hospital interventions for reducing the unprecedented high rates of nurse burnout and low retention.", "keywords": [ "Address", "American Hospital Association", "Back", "Burn injury", "COVID-19 pandemic", "Care given by nurses", "Caring", "Chronic", "Data", "Discipline of Nursing", "Distress", "Educational process of instructing", "Employment", "Evidence based intervention", "Health system", "Hospital Nursing", "Hospitals", "Intervention", "Interview", "Leadership", "Left", "Length", "Link", "Measures", "Modeling", "Morals", "Nurse Administrator", "Nurse Practitioners", "Nurses", "Nursing Models", "Nursing Staff", "Occupations", "Organizational Change", "Outcome", "Patients", "Policies", "Policy Maker", "Population", "Positioning Attribute", "Registered nurse", "Risk", "Sampling", "Severities", "Span 20", "Stress", "Structure", "Syndrome", "Team Nursing", "Time", "Travel", "Typology", "Work", "Workplace", "burnout", "care delivery", "design", "effective intervention", "experience", "health care service organization", "hospital readmission", "improved", "informant", "innovation", "multimodality", "novel", "pandemic disease", "policy recommendation", "prevent", "professional atmosphere", "recruit", "satisfaction", "virtual" ], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "15991", "attributes": { "award_id": "1R01NR021708-01A1", "title": "What interventions to reduce hospital nurse burnout are most effective?", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "National Institute of Nursing Research (NINR)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 44444, "first_name": "KAREN MARIE", "last_name": "MCNAMARA", "orcid": "", "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2026-01-30", "end_date": "2029-12-31", "award_amount": 1422387, "principal_investigator": { "id": 44445, "first_name": "EILEEN T", "last_name": "LAKE", "orcid": "", "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 2627, "ror": "", "name": "UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "PA", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "What Interventions to Reduce Hospital Nurse Burnout Are Most Effective? Nurse burnout is a threat to healthcare safety, and to nurse and patient outcomes. Burnout among nurses has been a long-standing concern only accelerated by the COVID-19 pandemic. Burnout is a syndrome caused by chronic workplace stress and characterized by feelings of emotional exhaustion, cynicism towards one’s work, and decreased professional efficacy. Pre-pandemic, about 30% of nurses were burned out. Today, nearly half of 4.7 million nurses are experiencing burnout. This unsustainable high level of burnout has dire consequences for nurses and patients alike. Nurse burnout is associated with higher odds of patient mortality, failure to rescue, and prolonged length of stay, as well as nurse job dissatisfaction and turnover. We propose to integrate two approaches to addressing burnout: investigation of organizational characteristics as determinants of burnout, notably conducted by the proposed research team in recent decades, and health system administrators’ current implementation of interventions to reduce nurse burnout. Our preliminary studies reveal that organizational and individual interventions are being implemented nationwide and that nurses prefer organizational ones. It is unknown how preferred and implemented interventions relate to hospitals’ performance on nurse burnout, individual nurse burnout, and reducing burnout over time. Crucially, whether these interventions’ effectiveness depends on the work environment is unknown. Integration of these two approaches will yield a representation of reality across a large, geographically diverse hospital sample to inform whether certain intervention combinations are most effective and in what organizational contexts. The proposed aims address the Notice of Special Interest NOT-NR-23-012, “Addressing Organizational Factors to Prevent or Mitigate Nurse Burnout,” which invites “research studies to develop and evaluate novel organizational interventions to prevent and mitigate nurse burnout,” by identifying the currently preferred and implemented interventions, their work environment contexts, and their relation to nurse burnout, dissatisfaction, and intent to leave and hospital performance on nurse burnout. We propose to conduct a cross-sectional and longitudinal observational study utilizing 2024 and 2026 hospital nurse survey data from 31,942 nurses in 1,278 hospitals (in 2024) in 10 U.S. states to determine how preferred and implemented interventions relate to hospitals’ performance on nurse burnout, individual nurse burnout, and reducing burnout over time. The potential impact of the proposed study would be high because it would provide actionable results to optimize burnout intervention choices and contexts to mitigate pervasive nurse burnout.", "keywords": [ "Acceleration", "Address", "Administrator", "Burn injury", "COVID-19 pandemic", "Characteristics", "Chronic", "Data", "Effectiveness of Interventions", "Emotional", "Failure", "Feeling", "Geography", "Health Care", "Health Resources", "Health system", "Hospital Nursing", "Hospitals", "Individual", "Intervention", "Investigation", "Length of Stay", "Longitudinal observational study", "Mental Health", "Nurses", "Occupations", "Patient-Focused Outcomes", "Patients", "Research", "Respondent", "Safety", "Sampling", "Stress", "Surveys", "Syndrome", "Time", "Work", "Workplace", "burnout", "exhaustion", "experience", "hospital performance", "implementation intervention", "improved", "interest", "mortality", "novel", "pre-pandemic", "prevent", "professional atmosphere", "research study", "success" ], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "15990", "attributes": { "award_id": "1R01AI191459-01A1", "title": "Living Microrobot for Active Therapeutic Delivery to Treat Severe Pulmonary Infections", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 44442, "first_name": "MEENU MISHRA", "last_name": "UPADHYAY", "orcid": "", "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2026-02-02", "end_date": "2031-01-31", "award_amount": 720035, "principal_investigator": { "id": 27606, "first_name": "Victor", "last_name": "Nizet", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [ { "id": 27607, "first_name": "Liangfang", "last_name": "Zhang", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, { "id": 44443, "first_name": "JOSEPH", "last_name": "WANG", "orcid": "", "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "awardee_organization": { "id": 2637, "ror": "", "name": "UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "CA", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "Multidrug-resistant (MDR) lower respiratory tract infections represent the single leading cause of infectious disease-associated mortality in the United States. Particularly worrisome trends are being observed in the case of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), which affects vulnerable patient populations in intensive care units (ICUs). Pseudomonas aeruginosa and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) are the most common causative agents in global epidemiology of VAP, and they are becoming increasingly prevalent as antibiotics continue to be used indiscriminately and with waning effectiveness. It is imperative that more effective treatment modalities be advanced to adequately manage serious pulmonary infections in the clinical setting. Here we describe a highly innovative delivery and therapeutic concept, living microrobot therapeutics, for critically ill patients with severe P. aeruginosa and MRSA lung infections. The microrobot platform is consisting of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii microalgae modified with neutrophil membrane-coated and drug-loaded polymeric nanoparticles (denoted ‘algae-NP-robots’), and has unique multifold mechanisms of action. The microalgae help to improve tissue penetration and retention of the drug payload within the lungs, while the neutrophil membrane- coated nanoparticles help to shield the drug payload from biological environments, reduce immune clearance, and enable specific binding with target pathogens. Besides carrying drug payload, the neutrophil membrane- coated nanoparticles can further serve as ‘nanosponges’ that act to neutralize excessive pro-inflammatory cytokines, thus reducing the danger of cytokine storm. By combining the unique properties of these two systems, the algae-NP-robots have proven to be a capable platform for active drug delivery and excel at treating bacterial pulmonary infections. In this proposal, we describe our extensive prior published and preliminary results that strongly support the novel therapeutic concept of algae-NP-robots for the treatment of severe Gram-negative and Gram-positive pulmonary bacterial infections in ICU patients. In Aim 1, we will focus on further optimizing the algae-NP-robot formulation to maximize its therapeutic potential. In Aim 2, we seek to better understand the mechanisms by which drug-loaded algae-NP-robots can effectively clear bacterial infection using P. aeruginosa lung infection model, in which efficacy has already been demonstrated. In Aim 3, we will extend the algae-NP- robot platform for the treatment of Gram-positive pathogen (MRSA) lung infection in order to demonstrate the generalizability of the platform. Each of the Aims can be completed independently, although the information gleaned from one can be used to improve the overall approach, which can then benefit the others.", "keywords": [ "Active Biological Transport", "Acute", "Aerosols", "Affect", "Algae", "Antibiotics", "Antimicrobial Resistance", "Attention", "Automobile Driving", "Bacteria", "Bacterial Infections", "Benchmarking", "Binding", "Biological", "Biomimetics", "Blood Platelets", "Cell membrane", "Cells", "Chlamydomonas reinhardtii", "Chronic", "Clinical", "Clinical Management", "Communicable Diseases", "Complex", "Critical Illness", "Data", "Development", "Disease", "Drug Delivery Systems", "Effectiveness", "Encapsulated", "Environment", "Epidemiology", "Formulation", "Glean", "Goals", "In Vitro", "Inflammatory", "Inhalation", "Inherited", "Intensive Care Units", "Intervention", "Location", "Lower Respiratory Tract Infection", "Lower respiratory tract structure", "Lung", "Lung infections", "Medical", "Medicine", "Membrane", "Methods", "Microbial Biofilms", "Modality", "Modeling", "Motion", "Multi-Drug Resistance", "Nebulizer", "Pathologic", "Patients", "Penetration", "Pharmaceutical Preparations", "Property", "Proteins", "Pseudomonas aeruginosa", "Publishing", "Robot", "Route", "Safety", "Source", "Staphylococcus aureus infection", "Structure", "Structure of parenchyma of lung", "System", "Testing", "Therapeutic", "Tissues", "Toxic effect", "Toxin", "Treatment Efficacy", "United States", "Vancomycin", "absorption", "bactericide", "clinical translation", "combat", "comorbidity", "cytokine", "cytokine release syndrome", "design", "effective therapy", "efficacy testing", "fabrication", "immune clearance", "improved", "in vivo", "in vivo evaluation", "innovation", "lung pathogen", "methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus", "microrobot", "mortality", "mouse model", "nanomedicine", "nanoparticle", "nanopolymer", "neutrophil", "novel therapeutics", "particle", "pathogen", "patient population", "pulmonary", "success", "trend", "ventilator-associated pneumonia" ], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "15985", "attributes": { "award_id": "1R21AI197441-01", "title": "Sphingolipids and Innate Immunity", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 44439, "first_name": "RAJEEV", "last_name": "GAUTAM", "orcid": "", "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2026-02-06", "end_date": "2028-01-31", "award_amount": 195000, "principal_investigator": { "id": 44440, "first_name": "Fikadu G.", "last_name": "Tafesse", "orcid": "", "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 3435, "ror": "", "name": "OREGON HEALTH & SCIENCE UNIVERSITY", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "OR", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "Type I interferon (IFN) is the first line of defense in innate antiviral immunity, orchestrating transcriptional and metabolic responses that restrict viral replication. While IFN signaling is known to modulate sterol and glycerolipid pathways, its impact on sphingolipids (SPLs)—a class of bioactive lipids involved in immune signaling and cell stress responses—remains poorly understood. Mounting evidence suggests that infections by RNA viruses, including flaviviruses and coronaviruses, induce the accumulation of ceramide (Cer), but whether this promotes viral replication or enhances antiviral defenses is unclear. Our preliminary studies show that Zika virus (ZIKV) triggers overall changes in SPL composition and relies on Cer biosynthesis for successful infection. However, other studies implicate Cer in restricting viral replication and promoting cell survival, raising the possibility that these lipids are upregulated by the host response rather than the virus. The central goal of this proposal is to uncover how type I IFN affects SPL metabolism and to determine whether these lipids, in turn, control the IFN response and infection outcomes. We hypothesize that SPLs, particularly Cer, play a dual role in infection and immunity. Viruses may induce Cer to suppress innate immune responses, including IFN production, as suggested by the known roles of Cer in modulating host signaling pathways. However, we also propose that IFN itself alters SPL metabolism, as it does with other lipid classes, and that these IFN-induced lipid changes may contribute to antiviral defense. To disentangle these possibilities, we will use a combination of untargeted lipidomics, innovative SPL probes, CRISPR gene editing, and organelle-targeted lipid perturbation to systematically determine the causes and consequences of SPL dysregulation in infection. Aim 1 will define how IFN-β alters SPL content and distribution in infected and uninfected cells. In doing so, we will generate the first comprehensive map of IFN-driven changes in the cellular lipidome—including SPLs—across multiple cell types, providing a foundational resource for the broader virology and immunometabolism communities. Aim 2 will determine whether Cer regulates IFN-β signaling and antiviral defense, and whether the subcellular location of Cer influences its role as a pro- or anti-viral signal. Together, these studies will determine how IFN shapes and is shaped by SPLs, providing fundamental insight into the role of these lipids in the earliest steps of antiviral innate immunity.", "keywords": [ "Acceleration", "Affect", "Anabolism", "Anti-viral Agents", "Anti-viral Response", "Autoimmune Diseases", "Cell Survival", "Cell model", "Cells", "Cellular Stress", "Ceramides", "Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats", "Communities", "Coronavirus", "Data", "Disease", "Double-Stranded RNA", "Drug Targeting", "Enzymes", "Family", "Flavivirus", "Genes", "Genetic", "Genetic Transcription", "Goals", "Host Defense", "Host Defense Mechanism", "Immune response", "Immune signaling", "Immunity", "Infection", "Innate Immune Response", "Interferon Type I", "Interferon-β", "Interferons", "Knock-out", "Lipids", "Location", "Malignant Neoplasms", "Maps", "Membrane", "Metabolic", "Metabolic Pathway", "Metabolism", "Natural Immunity", "Organelles", "Outcome", "Pathway interactions", "Play", "Process", "Production", "RNA Virus Infections", "RNA Viruses", "Resources", "Risk", "Role", "Shapes", "Signal Pathway", "Signal Transduction", "Sphingolipids", "Sterols", "Time", "Viral", "Viral Pathogenesis", "Viral Physiology", "Virus", "Virus Diseases", "Virus Replication", "Visual", "Work", "ZIKV infection", "Zika Virus", "antiviral immunity", "biological adaptation to stress", "cell type", "cytokine", "drug repurposing", "global health", "innovation", "insight", "lipid biosynthesis", "lipid metabolism", "lipidome", "lipidomics", "mosquito-borne pathogen", "novel", "pandemic potential", "pharmacologic", "programs", "response", "therapeutic target", "tool", "virology" ], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "15977", "attributes": { "award_id": "1R21AI196845-01", "title": "Rapid point-of-care diagnosis of symptomatic and asymptomatic herpes infection", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 44432, "first_name": "JONATHAN A", "last_name": "GLOCK", "orcid": "", "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2026-02-06", "end_date": "2028-01-31", "award_amount": 427625, "principal_investigator": { "id": 4494, "first_name": "Ronit", "last_name": "Fraiman", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 3428, "ror": "", "name": "UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "NC", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "Herpes simplex virus (HSV) is highly contagious and can be transmitted via physical contact. HSV can be diagnosed by detecting the presence of the virus in lesions or the antibodies in the blood. Yet, viral shedding can happen from asymptomatic infections, highlighting the need for early and accurate detection of HSV to prevent transmission. The most common ways to detect HSV are nucleic acid testing of an active infection via qPCR or serological testing of antibody levels in patient serum. However, qPCR is only accurate if a person is symptomatic and in asymptomatic people both the FDA and the CDC recommend against serological testing due to issues with sensitivity. Additionally, current testing for CNS complications arising from HSV infections requires highly invasive cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) sampling to diagnose. Thus, rapid, accessible, sensitive, and accurate point- of-care tests are in dire need. In 2021, we published a watershed paper describing how we can leverage cell surface glycans that the SARS- CoV-2 virus uses to bind and infect cells, to capture it onto rapid test strips for sensitive detection of the virus (Kim et al, ACS Central Science). Inspired and motivated by our success with SARS-CoV-2 sensing, we propose a novel lateral flow strip assay (LFSA) device for rapid and reliable point-of-care antigen-based detection capable of differentiating between HSV-1 and HSV-2 infections and sensing of CNS complications through serum. As cell surface proteoglycans such as heparan sulfate play an important role in the binding and cell entry of HSV, we will leverage it as a universal binder and use type specific cell receptors to distinguish between HSV strains (Specific Aim 1). Higher selectivity will be achieved by exploring sensitivity to sulfonation of heparan sulfate and other glycocalyx proteins. Sensor performance will be evaluated in complex fluids such as human genital fluids or saliva, and in genital washings of HSV-infected mice. To enhance our ability to identify and subtype HSV, we will engineer tailored cell membranes to optimize their interactions with viral envelope proteins, and strip and print these cell-derived membranes on paper test strips in Specific Aim 2. In Specific Aim 3, we will develop a blood test for the rapid quantitative screening of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and neurofilament light chain (NfL), upregulated biomarkers upon CNS damage. We will incorporate electrochemical signals for quantitative assessment. This Bluetooth device will enable early and fast triage of patients for further screening. Together, these devices will enable us rapid and cost-effective screening of high-risk populations, accurate subtyping, and a swift connection of patients with treatment.", "keywords": [ "2019-nCoV", "Address", "Affinity", "Antibodies", "Binding", "Biological Assay", "Biological Markers", "Biomimetics", "Blood", "Blood Tests", "Bluetooth", "Body System", "COVID-19 diagnostic", "Caring", "Cell Separation", "Cell Surface Proteins", "Cell membrane", "Cell surface", "Cells", "Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)", "Central Nervous System", "Central Nervous System Infections", "Cerebrospinal Fluid", "Complex", "Detection", "Devices", "Diagnosis", "Diagnostic", "Diagnostic Equipment", "Disease Outbreaks", "Encephalitis", "Engineering", "Equipment", "Eye", "Genitalia", "Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein", "Glycocalyx", "Glycoproteins", "Goals", "Heparin", "Heparitin Sulfate", "Herpes Simplex Infections", "Herpesviridae Infections", "Herpesvirus 1", "Human", "Human Herpesvirus 2", "Image Analysis", "Individual", "Infection", "Keratitis", "Lateral", "Lesion", "Light", "Link", "Liquid substance", "Membrane", "Meningitis", "Methods", "Mus", "Nervous System Trauma", "Nucleic Acid Amplification Tests", "Paper", "Patient Triage", "Patient-Focused Outcomes", "Patients", "Performance", "Persons", "Play", "Polysaccharides", "Positioning Attribute", "Printing", "Property", "Proteins", "Proteoglycan", "Publishing", "Rapid diagnostics", "Receptor Cell", "Recommendation", "Recurrence", "Role", "Saliva", "Sampling", "Science", "Serology test", "Serum", "Signal Transduction", "Simplexvirus", "Specificity", "Substance Use Disorder", "Sulfate", "Swab", "Testing", "Time", "Viral Antigens", "Viral Envelope Proteins", "Virulent", "Virus", "Virus Shedding", "World Health Organization", "antigen detection", "antigen test", "cost", "cost effective", "design", "disease transmission", "env Gene Products", "global health", "health care burden", "high risk population", "improved", "infection rate", "innovation", "macromolecule", "nectin", "neurofilament", "novel", "point of care", "point of care testing", "point-of-care detection", "point-of-care diagnosis", "prevent", "quantitative imaging", "rapid test", "screening", "sensor", "success", "test strip", "tool", "transmission process", "viral detection", "viral transmission" ], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "15981", "attributes": { "award_id": "1R21AI190798-01A1", "title": "Detection of Shigella Species in Wastewater - A Pilot Study for Community and Building Scale Wastewater-Based Surveillance of Bacterial Pathogens", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 44432, "first_name": "JONATHAN A", "last_name": "GLOCK", "orcid": "", "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2026-02-03", "end_date": "2028-01-31", "award_amount": 422125, "principal_investigator": { "id": 44436, "first_name": "Anthony T", "last_name": "Maurelli", "orcid": "", "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 3432, "ror": "", "name": "UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "FL", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "/ Abstract Bacillary dysentery or shigellosis is caused by bacteria of the Shigella species: S. dysenteriae, S. flexneri, S boydii, and S. sonnei. Infections range from mild or asymptomatic to severe bloody diarrhea, so reported prevalence grossly underestimates actual prevalence. Shigellosis is a global public health concern and antimicrobial resistance has compounded the problem. Moreover, shigellosis is also sexually transmitted in the United States, Europe, and other developed countries. Such outbreaks are driven by the emergence of antibiotic resistant strains of S. flexneri infecting men who have sex with men. The objective of this proof-of-concept study is to demonstrate that wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) using digital PCR to detect pathogen molecular markers can provide a more accurate picture of community prevalence of bacterial pathogens than traditional case reporting. Wastewater surveillance for viral pathogens has been in use for decades and its use to monitor SARS-CoV-2 is now widely applied globally. Analogous methods for wastewater surveillance of bacterial pathogens by digital PCR has lagged. We will develop and validate methods to detect Shigella, an important bacterial agent of diarrheal disease, in wastewater. We will also field test the methods to assess shigellosis prevalence at community and building scale and link the data to the actual population residing in the wastewater collection area. We will provide actionable data to the local health department which can then develop targeted public health interventions. The independent but complementary aims in demonstrating the proof-of-concept are: 1. Develop and validate sensitive, specific, and reproducible WBE methods for detection of Shigella species in wastewater using digital PCR. Three subaims will: 1.1) optimize methods for extraction and detection of Shigella in wastewater using laboratory-grown strains of Shigella species to “spike” authentic wastewater and laboratory prepared “synthetic” wastewater; 1.2) validate molecular targets for differentiation of S. flexneri from S. sonnei in wastewater; and 1.3) culture of Shigella from wastewater to assess antibiotic resistance genotypes and phenotypes. 2. Assess proof-of-concept of WBE as a public health tool for Shigella at community and building scale with emphasis on high risk congregate populations, i.e., day care centers. Two subaims will: 2.1) measure the prevalence of Shigella species at community scale by sampling at the wastewater treatment plant intake and using wastewater flow rate as a population normalization marker; and 2.2) extend shigellosis surveillance to building scale targeting high risk congregate pediatric populations. Strengths of this proposal are the innovative application of WBE to a bacterial pathogen, our method for population normalization, differentiation of Shigella species, prevalence measurement of Shigella species at community and building scale, and the expertise of our multidisciplinary team.", "keywords": [ "2019-nCoV", "Antibiotic Resistance", "Antimicrobial Resistance", "Area", "Automobile Driving", "Bacteria", "Bacterial Infections", "Behavior", "COVID-19 monitoring", "COVID-19 surveillance", "Case Study", "Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)", "Childhood", "Collection", "Communities", "County", "Data", "Day center care", "Detection", "Developed Countries", "Development", "Disease", "Disease Outbreaks", "Dysentery", "Effectiveness", "Europe", "Excretory function", "Feces", "Florida", "Foundations", "Future", "Genetic", "Genotype", "Health", "Health Resources", "Hemorrhagic colitis", "Hot Spot", "Individual", "Infection", "Intake", "Intervention", "Laboratories", "Link", "Measles", "Measurement", "Measures", "Methodology", "Methods", "Molecular", "Molecular Analysis", "Molecular Profiling", "Molecular Target", "Monitor", "Pathogen detection", "Patients", "Phenotype", "Pilot Projects", "Plants", "Poliomyelitis", "Population", "Population Surveillance", "Populations at Risk", "Prevalence", "Public Health", "Reporting", "Reproducibility", "Research Proposals", "Sampling", "Sexual Transmission", "Shigella", "Shigella Infections", "Shigella boydii", "Shigella dysenteriae", "Shigella flexneri", "Shigella sonnei", "System", "Techniques", "Testing", "United States", "Universities", "Variant", "Viral", "Work", "detection method", "diarrheal disease", "digital", "experience", "field study", "global health", "high risk", "innovation", "men who have sex with men", "molecular marker", "multidisciplinary", "novel", "pathogenic bacteria", "pathogenic virus", "public health intervention", "resistant strain", "tool", "wastewater epidemiology", "wastewater monitoring", "wastewater samples", "wastewater sampling", "wastewater surveillance" ], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "15975", "attributes": { "award_id": "1R01AI195779-01", "title": "Regulatory T cell memory in human tissues", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 44428, "first_name": "CHAO", "last_name": "JIANG", "orcid": "", "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2026-02-06", "end_date": "2030-01-31", "award_amount": 3144408, "principal_investigator": { "id": 7597, "first_name": "Donna L.", "last_name": "Farber", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [ { "id": 745, "ror": "", "name": "SCRIPPS RESEARCH INSTITUTE, THE", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "CA", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true } ] }, "other_investigators": [ { "id": 44429, "first_name": "Peter Alan", "last_name": "Sims", "orcid": "", "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "awardee_organization": { "id": 781, "ror": "", "name": "COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "NY", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "T cell memory is stored across heterogeneous subsets with diverse functions in both tissues and circulation. While most studies have focused on the pro-inflammatory and cytotoxic functions of memory T cells, regulatory T cells (Tregs) serve an equally important immunomodulatory role in memory responses, particularly in tissues. While specific roles for Tregs in establishing tolerance and promoting tissue homeostasis have been elucidated in mouse models, the role of human Tregs in healthy immune responses and protective immunity in vivo has been difficult to assess. Moreover, the identity and function of human Tregs in diverse tissues remains unknown. We have established an organ donor tissue resource for human immunology that has allowed us to profile antigen-specific T cells across human tissues. Through these efforts, we found that antigen-specific Tregs are substantially enriched among memory T cells that respond to antigens from multiple viruses, including SARS-CoV-2, influenza, and EBV, and are particularly enriched in lymph nodes, spleen and lungs compared to blood, bone marrow and other sites. In addition, we found that memory Tregs induce an activation program that is distinct from effector memory T cells (TEM) involving CCL17 as a novel Treg-derived cytokine not produced by TEM cells or any other T cell subset. Moreover, tissue memory Tregs exhibit clonal overlap with TEM cells within and between sites. These findings raise the possibility that memory Tregs are generated along with TEM during priming and that they share a common pre-cursor with TEM. In the proposed studies, we will pursue three aims: 1) Determine the role of antigen and tissue in memory Treg induction; 2) Define the clonal and migratory relationships (i.e. tissue distributions) between memory Treg and other memory subsets; 3) Elucidate the functional and spatial interactions of tissue Tregs with immune and structural cells in the lymph node. We will combine state-of-the-art technologies for single-cell and spatial profiling with our unique human tissue resource to elucidate mechanisms for the generation, function, and maintenance of memory Tregs in human tissues. The results from this study will be important for designing strategies to promote immunoregulation and tissue repair for protective immunity and can inform Treg-directed therapies for autoimmunity and transplantation.", "keywords": [ "2019-nCoV", "Adult", "Affect", "Age", "Allergens", "Antigens", "Autoantigens", "Autocrine Communication", "Autoimmunity", "Blocking Antibodies", "Blood", "Bone Marrow", "CCL17 gene", "CCR8 gene", "COVID-19", "Cell Communication", "Cells", "Cellular Indexing of Transcriptomes and Epitopes by Sequencing", "Chemotaxis", "Circulation", "Cytoprotection", "Drug or chemical Tissue Distribution", "Environment", "Exhibits", "FOXP3 gene", "Fatty acid glycerol esters", "Frequencies", "Gene Expression", "Gene Expression Profile", "Generations", "Homeostasis", "Homing", "Human", "Human Herpesvirus 4", "Human Resources", "IL2RA gene", "Immune", "Immune response", "Immune system", "Immunity", "Immunization", "Immunology", "In Situ", "Individual", "Infection", "Inflammation", "Inflammatory", "Influenza", "Life", "Lung", "Lymphoid Tissue", "Maintenance", "Mediating", "Memory", "Mucous Membrane", "Mus", "Muscle", "Organ Donor", "Pathway interactions", "Phenotype", "Play", "Population", "Proteins", "RNA vaccine", "Regulation", "Regulatory T-Lymphocyte", "Research", "Role", "SARS-CoV-2 infection", "Signal Transduction", "Site", "Slice", "Spleen", "Stromal Cells", "T cell differentiation", "T cell therapy", "T memory cell", "T-Cell Activation", "T-Lymphocyte", "T-Lymphocyte Subsets", "Technology", "Thymus Gland", "Tissues", "Transplantation", "Vaccines", "Virus", "Virus Diseases", "age related changes", "antigen-specific T cells", "cell motility", "chemokine", "cytokine", "cytotoxic", "design", "human tissue", "immunoregulation", "in vivo", "lymph nodes", "lymphoid organ", "memory CD4 T lymphocyte", "mouse model", "multimodality", "novel", "pathogen", "programs", "receptor", "recruit", "response", "single cell technology", "tissue repair", "tissue resident memory T cell", "tissue resource", "transcription factor", "tumor" ], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "15970", "attributes": { "award_id": "1R01DK145476-01", "title": "Mechanisms of non-HIV Collapsing Glomerulopathy in Hispanic Patients", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 44424, "first_name": "KEVIN E", "last_name": "CHAN", "orcid": "", "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2026-02-15", "end_date": "2030-11-30", "award_amount": 783899, "principal_investigator": { "id": 22546, "first_name": "Sumant Singh", "last_name": "Chugh", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [ { "id": 804, "ror": "https://ror.org/01j7c0b24", "name": "Rush University Medical Center", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "IL", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true } ] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 3423, "ror": "", "name": "RUSH UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "IL", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "Non-HIV collapsing glomerulopathy (CG) is a severe form of glomerular disease seen in all parts of the world. Major etiological factors include circulating proteins that cause recurrent CG, infections like SARS-CoV-2 and Parvovirus B19, drugs like pamidronate, and background genomic changes potentially present in any of the preceding categories. Whereas variants of the APOL1 gene have been implicated in select populations with West African heritage, a genomic basis in other patient populations has not been elucidated. Using data from two decades of investigations into CG centered around Hispanic patients from Mexico City and more recent genomic data from Peruvian Hispanic patients, several novel mechanistic rat and mouse models of CG were developed. Critical components of the CG upstream pathways are the podocyte expressed transcriptional factor ZHX2 and glomerular integrins, including α3β1 in the podocyte, αvβ5 in the glomerular endothelium, and αvβ3 at both locations. Finally, recombinant mutated human Angiopoietin-like 4 protein 8520 is known to have an integrin stabilizing effect specific to Integrins β1 and β5, and could be potentially used to treat CG in the future. The overall premise of this application is that high podocyte ZHX2 expression and low glomerular endothelial Integrin β5 expression predispose to the development of CG. In Aim 1, changes in glomeruli with high podocyte ZHX2 expression will be investigated using transgenic rat models. Disease mechanism during the development of CG and just prior to the collapse of capillary loops will be elucidated. In Aim 2, changes in glomeruli with low endothelial Integrin β5 expression will be investigated using knockout mouse models. Disease mechanism during the development of CG and just prior to the collapse of capillary loops will be elucidated. In Aim 3, rat and mouse models of CG will be treated with protein 8520 to test for prevention or improvement in CG, and to potentially halt the disease process before the development of collapse.", "keywords": [ "10 year old", "2019-nCoV", "8 year old", "ANGPTL4 gene", "APOL1 gene", "Admixture", "Adriamycin PFS", "Affect", "African American", "Albuminuria", "Apoptosis", "Binding", "Binding Proteins", "Blood capillaries", "COVID-19 pandemic", "CRISPR/Cas technology", "Categories", "Cell Membrane Proteins", "Cell Nucleus", "Cell membrane", "Cells", "Cities", "Cytoplasmic Tail", "Data", "Development", "Disease", "Down-Regulation", "Endothelium", "Environment", "Ephrin-B1", "Etiology", "Event", "Feedback", "Focal and Segmental Glomerulosclerosis", "Foot Process", "Future", "Genetic", "Genomics", "Glomerular Capillary", "High Prevalence", "Hispanic", "Hispanic Populations", "Homeobox", "Homeodomain Proteins", "Human", "Human Parvovirus B19", "ITGB3 gene", "Incubated", "Infection", "Integrins", "Investigation", "Kidney Diseases", "Knockout Mice", "Location", "Membrane", "Mexico", "Modeling", "Mus", "Mutate", "Nuclear", "Pathogenesis", "Pathway interactions", "Patients", "Pattern", "Peruvian", "Pharmaceutical Preparations", "Phase", "Population", "Prevention", "Process", "Proliferating", "Proteins", "Proteinuria", "Publishing", "Rat Transgene", "Rattus", "Recombinants", "Recurrence", "Renal glomerular disease", "Rodent", "Role", "Series", "Serum", "Signal Transduction", "Site", "Sprague-Dawley Rats", "Testing", "Therapeutic Agents", "Therapeutic Effect", "Upregulation", "Variant", "Virus Diseases", "WT1 gene", "West African", "Zinc Fingers", "cytokine release syndrome", "diabetic", "exome", "genetic variant", "genomic data", "genotyped patients", "glomerular endothelium", "glomerular function", "glutamyl aminopeptidase", "improved", "in vivo", "induced pluripotent stem cell", "insertion/deletion mutation", "migration", "mouse model", "nephrotoxicity", "novel", "overexpression", "pamidronate", "pathogen", "patient population", "podocyte", "post SARS-CoV-2 infection", "prevent", "rat parvovirus", "slit diaphragm", "therapeutic evaluation", "transcription factor", "transmission process" ], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "15969", "attributes": { "award_id": "1UG3NS141843-01A1", "title": "Low-dose naltrexone (LDN) for the treatment of Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS)", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 44422, "first_name": "LINA FERNANDA", "last_name": "GARCIA", "orcid": "", "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2026-03-06", "end_date": "2028-02-28", "award_amount": 556686, "principal_investigator": { "id": 44423, "first_name": "Jarred W.", "last_name": "Younger", "orcid": "", "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 3422, "ror": "", "name": "UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "AL", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "In this UG3/UH3 Exploratory Clinical Trial, we will test low-dose naltrexone (LDN) as a treatment for Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS). ME/CFS affects approximately 1 million people in the United States, with incidence rates increasing with the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. ME/CFS is characterized by profound fatigue, cognitive issues, pain sensitivity, and post-exertional malaise (PEM). Several studies support the hypothesis that ME/CFS involves chronic inflammatory activity in the central nervous system (CNS) that is driven by hyperactive microglia. More than 35 years since recognizing ME/CFS as a distinct medical condition, there is still no FDA-approved medications and no consensus on optimal treatment of the disorder. There is an urgent need to identify treatments that are safe and effective in reducing the severity of ME/CFS. Low dose naltrexone (LDN) involves daily doses of naltrexone in the 0.5mg to 6.0mg range. LDN crosses the blood-brain barrier, pushes microglia from an inflammatory to a resting state, and reduces the production of pro-inflammatory chemicals in the brain. LDN reduces fatigue severity in conditions such as ME/CFS, fibromyalgia, and Long-COVID. LDN is an ideal first treatment for ME/CFS because it is generically available, inexpensive, safe, and well-tolerated. LDN also has no abuse potential. In this Phase II trial, several questions will be answered to optimize a future Phase III efficacy trial of LDN for ME/CFS. This trial uses a remote design where individuals can enroll from anywhere in the United States and can complete all study tasks from their home. This approach allows individuals who are homebound or bedbound to participate in the clinical trial. Study 1 is a dose-finding study where 75 ME/CFS participants will receive LDN at 1.5mg/day, 3.0mg/day, 4.5mg/day, and 6.0mg/day for 2 months each, in blinded order. This study will be used to determine the best dose of LDN to be used in future trials. Study 2 is a randomized controlled trial (RCT) in 150 individuals with ME/CFS. Participants will be randomized to receive LDN or placebo. This study will be used to test safety and tolerability, determine the likely side-effects, determine the best measure to use as a primary outcome, identify predictors of a positive LDN response, and preliminarily measure the strength of the LDN effect. A subgroup of participants (25 LDN and 25 placebo) will be recruited close to the University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) to complete advanced neuroimaging and blood tests of neuroinflammation, neurodegeneration, and oxidate stress. These tests may yield biomarkers of LDN response for predicting who is a good LDN candidate, or for tracking improvement with the treatment. Neuroimaging will focus on brain lactate and temperature, two measures of brain inflammation. Study 3 is an extended-duration study where participants may be switched between placebo and LDN, in order to collect additional safety, tolerability, efficacy, and durability information. Ultimately, we hope this study will lead to the first widely accepted pharmaceutical treatment for ME/CFS.", "keywords": [ "Affect", "Alabama", "Anti-Inflammatory Agents", "Autoimmune", "Behavior", "Biological Markers", "Blinded", "Blood", "Blood Tests", "Blood specimen", "Brain", "COVID-19 pandemic", "Cells", "Central Nervous System", "Chemicals", "Choline", "Chronic", "Chronic Fatigue Syndrome", "Clinical", "Clinical Research", "Clinical Trials", "Cognition", "Cognitive", "Consensus", "Crohn's disease", "Data", "Disease", "Dose", "Eligibility Determination", "Encephalitis", "Enrollment", "Ensure", "Esthesia", "Exertion", "FDA-approved drug", "Fatigue", "Fibromyalgia", "Future", "Generic Drugs", "Home", "Hyperactivity", "Immune", "Impaired cognition", "Incidence", "Individual", "Inflammatory", "Infrastructure", "Long COVID", "Malaise", "Measures", "Medical", "Methods", "Microglia", "N-acetylaspartate", "Naltrexone", "Nerve Degeneration", "Outcome", "Oxygen", "Pain", "Participant", "Pathologic", "Perfusion", "Persons", "Pharmacologic Substance", "Phase", "Placebos", "Production", "Protocols documentation", "Random Allocation", "Randomized", "Randomized Controlled Trials", "Recording of previous events", "Reporting", "Research", "Research Personnel", "Rest", "Safety", "Severities", "Stress", "Subgroup", "Symptoms", "TLR4 gene", "Temperature", "Testing", "United States", "Universities", "Visit", "Woman", "abuse liability", "active method", "blood-based biomarker", "blood-brain barrier crossing", "capsule", "clinical effect", "clinical predictors", "conventional dosing", "cytokine", "design", "efficacy trial", "improved", "information gathering", "magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging", "meetings", "myoinositol", "neuroimaging", "neuroinflammation", "optimal treatments", "oxidation", "pain sensitivity", "phase II trial", "predicting response", "primary outcome", "recruit", "response", "safety testing", "side effect", "tool" ], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "15967", "attributes": { "award_id": "1R21DA062030-01A1", "title": "Understanding trajectories of cannabis use frequency across the lifespan based on routine screening in a large outpatient population", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 44419, "first_name": "KEVA WONTORIA", "last_name": "COLLIER KIDEMU", "orcid": "", "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2026-03-15", "end_date": "2028-02-29", "award_amount": 470979, "principal_investigator": { "id": 44420, "first_name": "Gwen", "last_name": "Lapham", "orcid": "", "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 3421, "ror": "", "name": "KAISER FOUNDATION RESEARCH INSTITUTE", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "CA", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "Cannabis use is prevalent and increasing in the US, with growth in older adult use outpacing increases in all other age groups. Cannabis use increases risk of cannabis use disorder (CUD) and other adverse health outcomes, with up to 33% of people who use cannabis having a CUD. In the context of legalized, more frequent and higher potency cannabis use, longitudinal studies examining the long-term risks of cannabis use are critically needed. Latent class trajectory modeling is an established approach to modeling cannabis use patterns among adolescent and young adult research participants. Few studies have included middle-aged or older adults, for whom cannabis morbidity may be most concerning due to risks of drug interactions, diminished health, falls and injuries, and impaired cognition. The proposed study responds to NIDA’s call for research on the health effects of cannabis, particularly among older adults, and trajectories of substance use and adverse health outcomes. This study will use 10 years of electronic health record data from a large health system that screens patients annually with a valid practical, single-item cannabis screen. The sample includes more than 331,000 adult patients (≥ 18 years)—including large samples of middle aged and older adults—who have completed the cannabis screen on 3 or more occasions as part of routine clinical care (2016 – 2025). The screen asks about the frequency of cannabis use (none to daily), with frequency of use being the most important predictor of CUD and adverse health conditions, even when accounting for heterogeneity of cannabis products. Specific aims are to conduct developmental research to inform a future R01 that will assess the extent to which different longitudinal cannabis use patterns predict subsequent adverse health outcomes. Aim 1 is to conduct preliminary analyses to understand sample biases, cohort effects (e.g., COVID- 19) and data missing. Aim 2 is to apply multistep trajectory modeling to identify groups of patients, separately for 4 age groups (18-34, 35-49, 50-64, ≥ 65), who follow similar trajectories of cannabis use and characterize patients in each trajectory group by demographics, health conditions, medication use, health care utilization and diagnosed CUD. Aim 3 is to describe, for each age-based trajectory group, the year-by-year prevalence of concurrent adverse health outcomes associate with cannabis use (i.e., depression, psychotic disorder, chronic pain, polysubstance use, cognitive impairment, diagnosed CUD) over the study period. Secondarily, by age group, we will repeat Aims 2 and 3 separately in women and men and in 4 subgroups defined by race and ethnicity: Black, Hispanic, Asian and White. Public Health Impact: More than 59 million US adults use cannabis, yet little is known about the long-term patterns of cannabis use and associated adverse health outcomes, particularly for middle-aged and older adults. Results will have direct clinical implications for care of patients whose cannabis use is associated with adverse outcomes and build the foundation for future research to predict subsequent adverse health outcomes by trajectory group.", "keywords": [ "Accounting", "Adolescent and Young Adult", "Adult", "Age", "Anxiety", "Anxiety Disorders", "Asian", "Black race", "COVID-19", "Cannabis", "Cessation of life", "Characteristics", "Chronic", "Clinical", "Cohort Effect", "Cohort Studies", "Data", "Data Sources", "Development", "Diagnosis", "Drug Interactions", "Electronic Health Record", "Epidemiology", "Ethnic Origin", "Foundations", "Frequencies", "Future", "Growth", "Health", "Health Insurance", "Health system", "Heterogeneity", "Hispanic", "Impaired cognition", "Individual", "Injury", "Legal", "Link", "Longitudinal Studies", "Medical", "Mental Depression", "Modeling", "Mood Disorders", "Morbidity", "National Institute of Drug Abuse", "Outcome", "Outpatients", "Pain", "Participant", "Patient Care", "Patients", "Pattern", "Perception", "Persons", "Pharmaceutical Preparations", "Population", "Prevalence", "Psychoses", "Psychotic Disorders", "Public Health", "Race", "Recreation", "Reporting", "Research", "Risk", "Risk Factors", "Route", "Sampling", "Sampling Biases", "Sleep", "Subgroup", "Substance Use Disorder", "Suicide attempt", "Surveys", "Testing", "Warfarin", "Washington", "Woman", "acute care", "adverse outcome", "age group", "alcohol risk", "automobile accident", "cannabis use behavior", "care utilization", "chronic pain", "clinical care", "cohort", "demographics", "falls", "health care service utilization", "human old age (65+)", "insurance claims", "life span", "marijuana legalization", "marijuana use", "marijuana use disorder", "men", "middle age", "mortality", "older adult", "patient screening", "polysubstance use", "primary care patient", "risk perception", "routine care", "routine screening", "screening", "sex", "substance use", "young adult" ], "approved": true } } ], "meta": { "pagination": { "page": 1, "pages": 1424, "count": 14236 } } }