Grant List
Represents Grant table in the DB
GET /v1/grants?page%5Bnumber%5D=5&sort=other_investigators
{ "links": { "first": "https://cic-apps.datascience.columbia.edu/v1/grants?page%5Bnumber%5D=1&sort=other_investigators", "last": "https://cic-apps.datascience.columbia.edu/v1/grants?page%5Bnumber%5D=1442&sort=other_investigators", "next": "https://cic-apps.datascience.columbia.edu/v1/grants?page%5Bnumber%5D=6&sort=other_investigators", "prev": "https://cic-apps.datascience.columbia.edu/v1/grants?page%5Bnumber%5D=4&sort=other_investigators" }, "data": [ { "type": "Grant", "id": "15537", "attributes": { "award_id": "1F31HL170747-01A1", "title": "Understanding Neighborhood Effects of Eviction on Cardiovascular Health: A mixed-methods study", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "National Heart Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 12492, "first_name": "Rebecca A.", "last_name": "Campo", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2024-07-01", "end_date": "2026-06-30", "award_amount": 48974, "principal_investigator": { "id": 32082, "first_name": "Patrick Dunn", "last_name": "Smith", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 377, "ror": "https://ror.org/04bdffz58", "name": "Drexel University", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "PA", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "Each year, millions of US renters are legally evicted from their homes, with structurally marginalized groups – particularly Black and Latinx women – bearing the highest burden of evictions. Past research has shown that personal exposure to eviction worsens physical and mental health via multiple pathways. Recent research also suggests that eviction may create spillover effects on neighborhood health by increasing physiologic and psychosocial stress (related to potential housing loss) and by eroding protective social structures within communities. While individual and/or neighborhood exposure to eviction may make it more difficult to prevent and/or manage highly prevalent stress-sensitive chronic conditions such as cardiovascular diseases (CVD), few studies have examined how eviction influences CVD-related outcomes. Moreover, no studies have used multilevel modeling to: (1) examine if neighborhood eviction rates affect individual-level CVD-related outcomes; (2) test whether effects are worse for marginalized groups; or (3) parse out individual and spillover effects of eviction on health. Lastly, few studies have used qualitative approaches to understand renters’ views on how eviction affects health. Clarifying these relationships can inform practice and policy interventions by deepening our knowledge of evictions’ effects on health equity. This study has two main objectives. First, using linked data on neighborhood eviction rates (Eviction Lab) and individual-level health outcomes (from Panel 21 of the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey), I will use multilevel models to (1) examine whether neighborhood eviction rates are associated with individual-level CVD-related hospitalizations over time and (2) examine how these associations vary by race/ethnicity and gender. Second, using data from an NIH-funded cohort study of 400 low-income adults in New Haven, CT, and newly collected qualitative data, I will conduct an explanatory- sequential, mixed-methods study to: (1) examine how individual and neighborhood exposures to eviction affect risk factors (smoking; psychological distress) and protective factors (social support; ambulatory care use) pertinent to CVD prevention and management, and (2) understand participants’ views on health-related effects of eviction. Informed by my clinical practice and my prior research, which includes a scoping review on eviction and health, my central hypothesis is that neighborhood eviction rates will be associated with worse individual- level CVD-related outcomes, that effects will be particularly strong for members of structurally marginalized groups, and that participants will identify stress and compromised social support as key mechanisms through which eviction affects health. Findings may inform the development and implementation of policies and practices to prevent evictions and reduce their impacts on health. The proposed training plan will enhance my conceptual knowledge, my skills in multilevel modeling, and my ability to translate research findings to policy and practice. This research is vital in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, which has intensified low-income renters’ risk of eviction, widened pre-existing inequities, and underscored the importance of housing for health.", "keywords": [ "Accounting", "Adult", "Affect", "Ambulatory Care", "Attention", "Behavior", "Black race", "COVID-19 pandemic", "Cardiovascular Diseases", "Censuses", "Chronic", "Cohort Studies", "Communities", "Data", "Data Analyses", "Development", "Disease Management", "Epidemic", "Equity", "Ethnic Origin", "Exposure to", "Face", "Financial Hardship", "Funding", "Gender", "Goals", "Growth", "Health", "Health Expenditures", "Health Promotion", "Health behavior", "Healthcare", "Home", "Hospitalization", "Housing", "Individual", "Inequity", "Intervention", "Interview", "Judgment", "Justice", "Knowledge", "Latinx", "Legal", "Link", "Low income", "Mental Health", "Methodology", "Methods", "Modification", "Neighborhoods", "Nurses", "Outcome", "Participant", "Pathway interactions", "Physiological", "Policies", "Process", "Psychosocial Stress", "Race", "Recommendation", "Recording of previous events", "Research", "Research Infrastructure", "Research Personnel", "Resources", "Risk", "Risk Factors", "Sampling", "Smoking", "Social support", "Stress", "Structural Racism", "Surveys", "Testing", "Time", "Training", "Translating", "United States National Institutes of Health", "Woman", "Work", "acute care", "cardiovascular disorder prevention", "cardiovascular disorder risk", "cardiovascular health", "clinical practice", "cohort", "health equity", "health inequalities", "housing instability", "improved", "innovation", "marginalized population", "member", "multilevel analysis", "physical conditioning", "prevent", "protective factors", "psychological distress", "skills", "social structure", "sociodemographic factors", "stress management", "timeline" ], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "15341", "attributes": { "award_id": "75N93019D00021-0-759302400002-2", "title": "Task B25: In Vitro Assessment for Antimicrobial Activity Against Respiratory Viruses, SARS-CoV-2", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [], "start_date": "2024-09-23", "end_date": "2025-09-22", "award_amount": 206532, "principal_investigator": { "id": 22787, "first_name": "BRETT", "last_name": "HURST", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [ { "id": 375, "ror": "https://ror.org/00h6set76", "name": "Utah State University", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "UT", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true } ] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 375, "ror": "https://ror.org/00h6set76", "name": "Utah State University", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "UT", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "This contract provides in vitro testing of potential anti-viral agents, maintenance of viral stocks and cell lines needed to grow the viruses, and development of related assays.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "15252", "attributes": { "award_id": "1S10OD034285-01A1", "title": "NAEOTOM Alpha Photon-Counting CT Scanner", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "NIH Office of the Director" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 25507, "first_name": "Xiang-Ning", "last_name": "Li", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2024-08-15", "end_date": "2025-08-14", "award_amount": 2000000, "principal_investigator": { "id": 26633, "first_name": "ERIC Alfred", "last_name": "HOFFMAN", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 220, "ror": "https://ror.org/036jqmy94", "name": "University of Iowa", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "IA", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "This is a request to upgrade our current Siemens SOMATOM Force research energy integrating CT scanner to a newly released photon-counting CT scanner (Siemens NAEOTOM Alpha). While we have made great progress in the use of quantitative CT imaging to sub-phenotype lung disease there are limitations which this new scanner design will eliminate. Beam hardening is a scanning artifact which makes the lung appear less dense than it actually is. Because the new scanner directly counts every photon passing through the body and bins them into energy ranges, by reconstructing the lungs with a narrower photon range (selected for the kV range which best maximizes tissue contrast) will essentiall eliminate this error. Additionally, because the detection of photons is a digital process, the noise associated with analogue to digital conversion of light signals is eliminated, significantly reducing electronic noise. The spatial resolution is considerably higher and there is a choice of keeping similar dose as previous protocols (which have already been reduced nearly 10 fold) while taking advantage of the improved spatial resolution, or significanlty reducing the dose further and keep the same resolution. Because the photons are captured along with their energy characteristics, the photon count at each location can be binned into energy ranges, allowing for the seperation of multiple materials such as krypton and gadolinium for the simultaneous assessment of ventilation and perfusion. Additional contrast agents are under development to also, simultaneously, tag inflammation. Because of the improved contrast resolution, we will be able to further reduce the amount of contrast agent used by as much as 40%. We propose 9 major projects, all associated with either multi-center studies seeking new phenotypes of lung disease (COPD, Asthma, IPF, PASC (long COVID) etc. , or local investigations into lung pathologies. The scanner promises to improve the ability to assess airway wall thickness further into the lung periphery and to make possible the identification and seperation of arteries and veins.with similar abilities to extend to the lung periphery. Through deep learning and transfer learning, we propose that these improvement will help advance utility of existing scanner images as well. Because we are the radiology Center, the scanner not only allows us to take advantage of the advanced methodology locally, but we will be able to continue to disseminate newer protocols, keeping the lung community at imaging state-of-the-art. There are already 7 such scanners delivered to cinical centers within the US and this is expected to rapidly expand. Thus, the opportunity for research translation.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "15561", "attributes": { "award_id": "5R35GM152242-02", "title": "Population genetics of rapid evolutionary processes", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 24539, "first_name": "Ronald", "last_name": "Adkins", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2024-01-01", "end_date": "2028-12-31", "award_amount": 346820, "principal_investigator": { "id": 31448, "first_name": "Philipp W", "last_name": "Messer", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 279, "ror": "https://ror.org/05bnh6r87", "name": "Cornell University", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "NY", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "Project Summary. Rapid evolution lies at the core of some of the greatest challenges humanity faces today, ranging from the evolution of drug and antibiotic resistance to the rapid emergence of new Covid variants. Researchers are now envisioning even faster evolutionary dynamics brought about by CRISPR gene drives. This fascinating new technology could be used to directly suppress wild populations, or to rapidly spread an engineered allele through a population, for example a gene that reduces pathogen transmission in mosquitoes. Unfortunately, current population genetic models are not well-suited to describing such rapid processes, because they are often still grounded in simplistic assumptions such as a homogeneous, randomly mating population. Research in my lab centers on the development of new population genetic models and computational tools for studying rapid evolutionary processes such as CRISPR gene drives that allow us to better predict their expected outcomes. Over the past five years, my lab has developed a comprehensive modeling framework for gene drive dynamics. Here, we propose to incorporate increasing levels of biological realism into this framework to address three broad questions: (1) How can we systematically identify the features and parameters that are most critical for determining the outcome of a drive release in our simulations? (2) Is it possible to reliably confine a gene drive to an intended target population, and how could this be achieved? (3) Could a suppression drive in a mosquito population eradicate diseases such as malaria or dengue even when it does not achieve complete suppression of the mosquito vector? As gene drive technology comes ever closer to field experimentation, answers to these questions will be essential for a realistic evaluation of the expected outcomes of a drive release into a wild population. Motivated by insights from our modeling work on gene drives, we propose a second line of research focusing on the question of how continuous space can affect the dynamics of other rapid evolutionary processes, such as strong selective sweeps, which conceptually resemble the spread of a gene drive in many ways. We hypothesize that similar to what we found for gene drives, continuous spatial structure could also have a profound impact on the population dynamics of strong selective sweeps, and thus the signatures they leave in population genomic data. We plan to study this question using forward genetic simulations together with recently developed methods for inferring sweep parameters based on supervised machine learning. Finally, we plan to implement critical improvements in our SLiM evolutionary simulation framework, enabling forward simulation of populations of billions of individuals, so that we can predict the outcomes of the release of a CRISPR gene drive into a mosquito population with sufficient accuracy and robustness to facilitate a well-informed discussion about the feasibility, reliability, and risks of such approaches.", "keywords": [ "Address", "Affect", "Alleles", "Antibiotic Resistance", "Biological", "CRISPR gene drive", "Culicidae", "Dengue", "Development", "Disease", "Drug resistance", "Engineering", "Evaluation", "Evolution", "Face", "Genes", "Genetic", "Genetic Models", "Goals", "Humanities", "Individual", "Malaria", "Methods", "Modeling", "Outcome", "Partner in relationship", "Population", "Population Dynamics", "Population Genetics", "Process", "Research", "Research Personnel", "Risk", "SARS-CoV-2 variant", "Structure", "Target Populations", "Transgenes", "Vector-transmitted infectious disease", "Work", "computerized tools", "fascinate", "gene drive system", "genomic data", "improved", "insight", "new technology", "novel strategies", "outcome prediction", "pathogen", "real world application", "simulation", "supervised learning", "transmission process", "vector", "vector control", "vector mosquito" ], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "15314", "attributes": { "award_id": "1R41AT012854-01", "title": "A scalable intervention for stress management practices", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (NCCIH)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 31902, "first_name": "Emrin U", "last_name": "Horgusluoglu", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2024-09-17", "end_date": "2025-08-31", "award_amount": 294312, "principal_investigator": { "id": 31903, "first_name": "Milton", "last_name": "Aguirre", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 2531, "ror": "", "name": "LIVOTION LLC", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "MA", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "Roughly 60% of college students meet the criteria for at least one mental health disorder, with anxiety and depression being the most common diagnoses. The number of students seeking help for mental health issues increased by almost 40% at campus counseling centers between 2009 and 2015 and has continued to rise since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, yet the demand has not been proportionately matched with increased funding to support mental health provision on college campuses. Thus, college students require a different approach to managing the stress that exacerbates their mental health symptoms. Technology-based breathing interventions for stress management, which have been shown to prevent and remediate stress, are growing in popularity with the rise of commercially available mobile apps and bio-feedback technologies that do not require the help of a professional. However, while such mHealth interventions are now widely available, they often fail because they do not lend themselves to use in real-world settings. Most technology-based interventions require the use of mobile phones ─ a disruptive and often unwelcome behavior in most educational settings. Existing biofeedback devices (e.g., chest straps, clip-ons, inhalers) are similarly contextually inappropriate, making use obvious, distracting, and potentially stigmatizing. To overcome these barriers, the PI developed the AIRpen, a simple, affordable, multi-functional stress management device that is designed to fit into the fabric of users’ lives to potentially optimize the delivery, practice, and fidelity of diaphragmatic breathing (DB) interventions in real\u0002world settings. With anecdotal and empirical evidence supporting the device as feasible and acceptable in real\u0002world academic settings (Purdue IRB-2022-423), this Phase I STTR project proposes the following aims: Aim 1. Develop and refine the AIRpen intervention to enable the use of the device without oversight by a professional. Aim 2: Develop Smart AIRpen prototypes, which are equipped with sensors to measure user adherence in future real-world effectiveness studies. Aim 3: Establish the usability and acceptability of the AIRpen intervention with a sample of 60 college students (30 in each device group) in a laboratory setting and gather preliminary feedback on subject-reported stress using physiological and subjective surveys as a secondary outcome. Aim 4: Establish the feasibility of a future real-world research study that will evaluate the usability and acceptability of the AIRpen intervention when used during an exam period with a sample of 30 college students. Secondary outcome data utilizing subject-reported stress measures will also be collected. Results will support future larger-scale effectiveness trials and inform future protocol designs for scaling cost-effective and time-efficient treatments that broadly support the development of coping skills for stress management.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "15110", "attributes": { "award_id": "2405915", "title": "US-Israel Collab: A structural and multiepistemic approach to modeling Brucella transmission along complex networks in Bedouin communities", "funder": { "id": 3, "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62", "name": "National Science Foundation", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "Biological Sciences (BIO)", "Ecology of Infectious Diseases" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 599, "first_name": "Samuel", "last_name": "Scheiner", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2024-09-01", "end_date": null, "award_amount": 3000000, "principal_investigator": { "id": 31655, "first_name": "Julianne", "last_name": "Meisner", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 159, "ror": "https://ror.org/00cvxb145", "name": "University of Washington", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "WA", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "Zoonotic diseases are diseases that animals give to humans. SARS-CoV-2, the cause of COVD-19, is a zoonotic disease, and the COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the importance of both zoonotic diseases, and mutual trust between public health institutions and the public whose health they are intended to safeguard. To effectively control zoonoses, we need a better understanding of exactly how they are transmitted, and how trust—and its absence—influences that transmission. Brucellosis is a zoonosis caused by a bacteria that is present worldwide, including the US. The most serious form is caused by the bacteria Brucella melitensis, which is spread by sheep and goats when a person drinks or eats milk or cheese that hasn’t been pasteurized, or when people assist a sheep or goat who is giving birth. In animals, the disease causes pregnancy losses and reduced milk production. In humans, the disease also causes pregnancy losses, as well as fever, headaches, back pain, physical weakness, and fatigue that can last for months or even years. In some cases, severe neurological and heart effects can also be seen. The project leverages the strong US-Israel research collaboration to advance the knowledge of the more-than-bio-physical drivers of interspecies disease transmission, focusing on Brucella melitensis but generalizable to other zoonotic diseases. <br/><br/>This project works with Bedouin communities in southern Israel, where Brucella burden is among the highest in the world, second only to Syria pre-war and likely worsening since. These communities exhibit extremely high levels of institutional distrust and experience ongoing urbanization. This provides a model setting for examining how distrust, urbanization, and zoonoses—a triad being replicated throughout the world—collectively impact humans, animals, and livelihoods. The research tests the hypothesis that institutional distrust and population displacement to urban centers increase the density of human-animal contact networks, facilitating the transmission of brucellosis. Objective 1 aims to measure human-animal contact networks among six Bedouin communities in southern Israel using qualitative data, quantitative data, and experience-based knowledge. These data support Objective 2 to model synthetic human-animal networks and develop a new method for generating Brucella genomes, applied to samples collected from humans, livestock, and environments. Subsequent tasks for Objective 3 include fitting and validating an epidemic network model using these synthetic networks and Brucella genomes and applying this model to test the research hypothesis by exploring counterfactual scenarios defined by distrust and urbanization, developed through participatory methods. These methods and insights afford broad applicability beyond this empirical setting, to other Brucella systems and zoonotic diseases throughout the world.<br/><br/>This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "15268", "attributes": { "award_id": "1R21DA061281-01", "title": "Xylazine exposure and transitions to low-frequency injecting and injection cessation", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 31855, "first_name": "ERIN MARGARET", "last_name": "Parker", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2024-08-15", "end_date": "2026-07-31", "award_amount": 266742, "principal_investigator": { "id": 20756, "first_name": "Ryan", "last_name": "McNeil", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [ { "id": 1422, "ror": "https://ror.org/0213rcc28", "name": "Simon Fraser University", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "BC", "zip": "", "country": "CANADA", "approved": true } ] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 452, "ror": "https://ror.org/03v76x132", "name": "Yale University", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "CT", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "Project Summary: We propose a two-year qualitative study that will characterize transitions to low-frequency injecting and injection cessation among people using xylazine-adulterated fentanyl in one of the states (Connecticut) most impacted by this drug supply change. America's drug supply has grown become more volatile since the outset of the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly the proliferation of xylazine-adulterated fentanyl in Northeast and Mid-Atlantic states, and is driving drug-related harms, including increases in non-fatal and fatal overdoses and severe injection-related soft tissue infections. Amidst the emergence of xylazine-adulterated fentanyl, researchers have begun to document reductions in injection drug use and injection cessation among people continuing to use fentanyl. Transitions to low-frequency injecting and injection cessation represent key strategies for reducing the potential for soft tissue infections associated with xylazine-injecting, as well as the transmission of infectious diseases (e.g., hepatitis C, HIV). However, the growing proportion of overdose deaths across the country attributed to non-injection drug use raise significant concerns about overdose awareness and the responsiveness of harm reduction services to the needs of people transitioning to low-frequency injecting and injection cessation. Contextualized understandings of how the proliferation of xylazine-adulterated fentanyl intersects with social, structural, and environmental influences to shape these transitions to low-frequency injecting and infection cessation and their implications for harm reduction services are urgently needed to optimize harm reduction approaches. Building on our extensive experience studying the impacts of drug supply changes, including on drug use behaviors and harm reduction services, we propose the following specific aims: Aim 1: To characterize how exposure to xylazine-adulterated fentanyl intersects with social-structural influences (e.g., homelessness, poverty) to shape transitions to low-frequency injecting (≤10 times per month) and injection cessation (>30 days). Aim 2: To explore perceptions of overdose vulnerability associated with non-injection drug use of xylazine-adulterated fentanyl, and examine their implications for overdose prevention messaging and harm reduction service delivery. Aim 3: To explore challenges and opportunities for harm reduction strategies, including syringe exchange, naloxone, and community health programs, in addressing overdose vulnerability among people exposed to xylazine-adulterated fentanyl transitioning to low-frequency injection drug use or injection cessation. Informed by the equity-focused Intersectional Risk Environment framework, we will conduct qualitative interviews with people using xylazine-adulterated fentanyl across Connecticut (n=50) who have transitioned to low-frequency injecting or injection cessation (Aims 1&2), as well as focus groups with harm reduction workers (n=30) from across the state (Aim 3). Findings will be mobilized to develop evidence-informed, scalable research, policy and program recommendations to address harms associated with xylazine-adulterated fentanyl, including the design of new interventions.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "15545", "attributes": { "award_id": "5R01HS029891-02", "title": "Evaluation of Post-Acute Care Access and Outcomes: Influence of Social Determinants of Health on Urban and Rural Rehabilitation Service Areas Before and After COVID-19", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 28226, "first_name": "Poonam", "last_name": "Pardasaney", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2024-03-01", "end_date": "2027-12-31", "award_amount": 393334, "principal_investigator": { "id": 31403, "first_name": "Timothy", "last_name": "Reistetter", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 748, "ror": "", "name": "UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HLTH SCIENCE CENTER", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "TX", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "This project is instrumental in evaluating predictors of access and outcomes of post-acute care (PAC) and how Social Determinants of Health (SDH) across rural and urban Rehabilitation Service Areas (RSA) influence access and outcomes pre- and post-COVID pandemic. SDH are critically understudied drivers of access and outcomes of PAC. The proposed project leverages the AHRQ SDH dataset coupled with multiple years of Medicare claims data for beneficiaries receiving post-acute care to study access and outcomes of rehabilitation services in the context of SDH. Our specific research aims are to: 1. Evaluate RSA level PAC access for inpatient rehabilitation, skilled nursing, and home health related to acute hospital discharges for stroke, hip fracture, and joint replacement and: a) how the association is moderated by urban and rural areas; b) how the association is moderated by racial and ethnic minority resident density; c) how the association is moderated by COVID. 2. Characterize SDH based on area social, economic, education, physical, and healthcare context variables and evaluate a) the association between SDH and access to PAC settings across RSAs for those with stroke, hip fracture, and joint replacement; b) how this association is modified by Covid; c) how this association is modified by urban rural context. 3. Evaluate the association between SDH variables and successful community discharge and readmission among those with stroke, hip fracture, and joint replacement and: a) how the associations are moderated by urban and rural areas; b) how the associations are moderated by racial and ethnic minority resident density; c) how the associations are moderated by COVID. Impact and Need: This project has potential to impact both policies related to post-acute care delivery and the day-to-day operations of post-acute care management. Equity in care has been at the forefront of healthcare discussions over the past several years highlighted by noted disparity issues with the COVID pandemic. Disparities continue to disproportionately affect racial minorities across all aspects of rehabilitation, supporting the need for more research examining both individual and community factors to address care and outcome inequities. The project takes a broad look at SDH for older adults’ access and outcomes for PAC in urban and rural areas pre and post the COVID pandemic and will inform future use of individual and ecological SDH variables for examining PAC access and outcomes. Findings will inform policy makers about the influence of ecological social determinants of health have on post-acute care. With this information, policy makers can adjust reimbursement formulae, reduce barriers by creating incentives to improve availability and accessibility of post-acute care in areas where PAC utilization is positively and negatively influenced by social determinants of health, and set policies aimed at addressing the root causes behind inequities due to SDH.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "15409", "attributes": { "award_id": "3U01HG010231-05S3", "title": "IGNITE Cost Extension- Year 7", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 28037, "first_name": "simona", "last_name": "volpi", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2024-07-01", "end_date": "2025-06-30", "award_amount": 345120, "principal_investigator": { "id": 32012, "first_name": "Lori Ann", "last_name": "Orlando", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 246, "ror": "https://ror.org/00py81415", "name": "Duke University", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "NC", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "This cost extension for the IGNITE network was requested by NHGRI program office in order to complete the activities for the network trials GUARDD and ADOPT-PGX as well as the follow-on network activities. The delays in the trials for GUARDD and ADOPT-PGX were multifactorial and were greatly influenced by the COVID pandemic. In addition, some trial specific challenges led to delays: the length of time to develop protocols and processes, the complexity of the sIRB and reliance agreements among so many sites, procedural differences at each site, adding additional recruiting health systems mid-way, and the need to increase enrollment targets to account for adjustments to the power analysis. In this second year of the cost extension we will be completing study closeout activities, secondary analyses for papers, and continuing to participate in the network.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "15458", "attributes": { "award_id": "5R21GM150088-02", "title": "Toward synthetic chemically defined mRNA for human therapeutics", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 24231, "first_name": "MILJAN", "last_name": "Simonovic", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2023-09-15", "end_date": "2025-08-31", "award_amount": 230891, "principal_investigator": { "id": 28201, "first_name": "Keith Thomas", "last_name": "Gagnon", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 1149, "ror": "", "name": "WAKE FOREST UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "NC", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "Messenger RNA, or mRNA, and its translation into protein lies at the heart of the central dogma of molecular biology. Converting this basic cellular mechanism into a therapeutic opportunity was the basis of the first two successful COVID-19 vaccines. This technology has the potential to be further advanced into much broader therapeutic modalities, such as a gene replacement medicine for genetic diseases. Currently, mRNA molecules for human therapeutics are generated from biological enzymatic reactions. While this process can create large amounts of material, it suffers from several drawbacks. These include multiple steps in manufacturing, purity, and patient safety. However, the greatest shortcoming is the rapid turnover of mRNA in the body, which severely limits its duration of effect and tunability for a genetic medicine. Unless addressed, this shortcoming will handicap mRNA therapeutics from ever becoming more than a vaccine technology. Chemical modification was the missing ingredient and final piece necessary for the realization of other recently FDA-approved nucleic acid drugs, including antisense oligonucleotides and small interfering RNAs. Chemical modifications enabled nuclease protection, significantly extended drug half-lives, and predictable pharmacological tuning. Likewise, realizing the full potential of mRNA as a human therapeutic will ultimately come down to chemistry. RNA can be chemically synthesized in small fragments. However, no technology exists to easily create long chemically defined translation-competent mRNA molecules. In addition, most of the chemical modifications extensively characterized for their beneficial properties for other nucleic acid therapeutics have not been explored in mRNA research, and certainly not in a therapeutic context. This project proposes to tackle these challenges by generating full-length mRNAs from chemically synthesized fragments, investigating the impact of diverse chemical modifications on mRNA translation, and applying new synthetic chemical methods to make longer mRNAs suitable for human therapeutics. The aims of this proposal are to 1) evaluate the impact of specific nucleotide modifications on model mRNA translation in cells and in vitro, 2) assess the compatibility of triazole linkages with mRNA translation and on-resin “click” chemistry for solid-phase chemical synthesis of longer mRNA, and 3) demonstrate long mRNA chemical synthesis and its potential for therapeutic development in cells and in vivo. The results of this focused project should pioneer a paradigm-shifting approach to mRNA therapeutic development and open new possibilities for conferring better control over the drug properties of mRNA.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } } ], "meta": { "pagination": { "page": 5, "pages": 1442, "count": 14420 } } }