Grant List
Represents Grant table in the DB
GET /v1/grants?page%5Bnumber%5D=4&sort=other_investigators
{ "links": { "first": "https://cic-apps.datascience.columbia.edu/v1/grants?page%5Bnumber%5D=1&sort=other_investigators", "last": "https://cic-apps.datascience.columbia.edu/v1/grants?page%5Bnumber%5D=1419&sort=other_investigators", "next": "https://cic-apps.datascience.columbia.edu/v1/grants?page%5Bnumber%5D=5&sort=other_investigators", "prev": "https://cic-apps.datascience.columbia.edu/v1/grants?page%5Bnumber%5D=3&sort=other_investigators" }, "data": [ { "type": "Grant", "id": "15302", "attributes": { "award_id": "1F31AI183832-01", "title": "Immunometabolic regulation of enteric viral infection", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 26943, "first_name": "Diane S.", "last_name": "Adger-Johnson", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2024-08-01", "end_date": "2026-07-31", "award_amount": 35482, "principal_investigator": { "id": 31893, "first_name": "Jasmine", "last_name": "Wright", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 827, "ror": "", "name": "WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "MO", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "Obesity is a global health concern as it is a risk factor for several of the leading causes of death such as heart disease, kidney disease, and type 2 diabetes. Obesity drives dysregulated inflammation, which has been shown to be a risk factor for increased morbidity and mortality in certain pulmonary viral infections such as influenza A and SARS-CoV-2. Yet it is unknown how diet induced obesity (DIO)-associated inflammation impacts the immune response to viruses that infect the gastrointestinal tract. It has been well-established that DIO drives dynamic changes in intestinal immunity, including alterations in interferon gamma and IgA production. Specifically, DIO induces skewing towards type I immunity, which is protective against intracellular pathogens like viruses. Norovirus (NV) is one of the most prevalent gut viruses, as it is the number one cause of acute viral gastroenteritis worldwide. However, the effects of DIO induced type 1, or anti-viral, skewing on immunity to NV have yet to be elucidated. My new preliminary data indicate that mice placed on a high fat diet (HFD) prior to infection with persistent murine NV (MNV) strain CR6 clear the infection in just 28 days, while mice fed normal chow (NC) remain persistently infected. This clearance appears to be independent of MNV receptor expression and viral tropism. Additionally, we found that obese patients with symptoms of gastroenteritis are less likely to test positive for NV than symptomatic lean controls, which further supports our mouse model indicating a HFD is protective against NV infection in both mice and humans. We also observe changes in the humoral response to MNV in our mouse model, as HFD-fed mice have an increase in serum MNV specific IgG and decrease in both serum and secretory MNV specific IgA in comparison to infected mice on NC. These findings lead to my central hypothesis that obesity drives alterations in intestinal immunity that promote an anti-viral state and protect against norovirus infection. I have proposed two aims to address this hypothesis. In Aim 1, I will elucidate the role of DIO-mediated changes in B and T cell responses in protection against MNV infection. In Aim 2, I will determine the role of interferon signaling in DIO-associated clearance of MNV. This novel work will advance our understanding of the relationship between diet and immunity to NV infection. This work also has translational potential as it may provide insight to treatment for NV, as there is currently no vaccine for this common virus.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "14914", "attributes": { "award_id": "3R01HD104185-03S1", "title": "Understanding the Development of Social Disconnection in Youth", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 7137, "first_name": "LAYLA E", "last_name": "ESPOSITO", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2024-05-01", "end_date": "2026-04-30", "award_amount": 74837, "principal_investigator": { "id": 31605, "first_name": "Camelia E", "last_name": "Hostinar Caudill", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 746, "ror": "", "name": "UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "CA", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "Extensive research has documented the physical and mental health benefits of social support, yet large swaths of the population experience social disconnection and do not derive these benefits. Roughly 73% of adolescents report they needed more emotional support than they received in the past year (1), and 39% of high school seniors describe themselves as lonely (2). The prevalence of loneliness has increased during the COVID-19 pandemic (3, 4), further highlighting the importance of understanding this phenomenon. Why are so many adolescents experiencing social disconnection? A key underlying process may be adolescents’ heightened biological stress reactivity (5), which can profoundly affect their social behavior. Taylor (6) theorized that the stress response can activate two primary social-behavioral profiles: (a) “fight-or-flight” (i.e., an increase in conflict or social withdrawal) or (b) “tend-and-befriend” (i.e., an increase in prosocial and affiliative behavior). This theory raises the possibility that the biological stress response activates behavioral repertoires that either increase social disconnection or facilitate social connection after stress exposure. However, most prior research testing Taylor’s model has been cross-sectional and with adults, creating a gap in our understanding of when and why these profiles emerge in development. Adolescence is a key period during which average rates of loneliness rise steeply, but we know little about why some youth respond to social challenges with socially distancing behaviors whereas other youth respond by strengthening their social connections. This project aims to fill these critical gaps by identifying the biological, personality, and relationship characteristics that differentiate these two social-behavioral stress response profiles. We hypothesize a vicious cycle whereby some youth who experience social disconnection will show heightened social-behavioral and physiological reactivity in response to social evaluation or social exclusion, which fosters further social disconnection. At a biological level, we propose this cycle is perpetuated by altered oxytocin, adrenocortical, autonomic, and inflammatory activity. We propose both a new data collection effort and secondary analyses of a rich existing longitudinal dataset to test the two aims of this project. This project will advance our understanding of the development of social disconnection in youth and the biobehavioral targets that can be modified to increase social connectedness in adolescence and beyond.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "15182", "attributes": { "award_id": "1R01GM155729-01", "title": "Zwitterionic polyethylene glycol for therapeutic delivery", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 31602, "first_name": "Sailaja", "last_name": "Koduri", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2024-09-05", "end_date": "2026-06-30", "award_amount": 318457, "principal_investigator": { "id": 27922, "first_name": "Hao", "last_name": "Cheng", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 377, "ror": "https://ror.org/04bdffz58", "name": "Drexel University", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "PA", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "Biologic drugs and nanomedicines with conjugated polyethylene glycol (PEG) show extended circulation in the blood, increasing therapeutic efficacy. The U.S. FDA has approved more than 30 PEGylated biologics, including proteins, nucleotides, and peptides, and a few PEGylated nanomedicines, for example COVID-19 mRNA vaccines. Attached PEG chains increase the hydrodynamic radiuses of these therapeutics to reduce their renal clearance during blood circulation. More importantly, PEG conceals therapeutics from immune cells by repelling plasma proteins, rendering therapeutics stealth behavior. The adsorption of a few types of plasma proteins onto therapeutics can lead to the removal of therapeutics by immune cells. PEG chains are hydrophilic and flexible. They can repel plasma proteins through a thermodynamic-driven entropic repulsion. Despite the unique advantage, the application of PEGylated therapeutics is limited by the presence of anti-PEG antibodies (aPEG Abs). These antibodies not only accelerate the clearance of PEGylated therapeutics and attenuate their efficacies but may also cause severe side effects. Varied percentages of populations were found to have pre- existing aPEG Abs in different studies, with the percentage as high as 40%. The high prevalence is likely due to the broad use of PEG in cosmetic and healthcare products. To further improve the pharmacokinetics of therapeutics and circumvent the problem of aPEG Abs, researchers have strived to find PEG alternatives. Among these alternative polymers, zwitterionic polymers have attracted the most attention. In contrast to PEG, zwitterionic polymers repel protein adsorption by forming a hydration layer around the polymers. We hypothesize that zwitterionic PEG (ZPEG) that combines the advantageous characteristics of both PEG and conventional zwitterionic polymers will be superior to them in extending the circulation of therapeutics and minimize the generation of anti-ZPEG antibodies. To develop a ZPEG to replace PEG for therapeutic delivery, we propose the following research plans: 1) synthesize and characterize ZPEG with different chemical structures and reveal the mechanism of enhanced blood circulation of ZPEG-modified proteins; 2) investigate the immunogenicity of ZPEG; 3) investigate the pharmacokinetics and immune responses of nanoparticles covered with ZPEG. Because of the broad application of PEG, an excellent PEG replacement will generate tremendous societal impact. This project will pave the way to replace PEG with ZPEG in therapeutic delivery for minimized side effects and consistent efficacy.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "15167", "attributes": { "award_id": "1K01HL165086-01A1", "title": "LeveRaging Community Engagement to SusTAIN NCD InTegrated Care Models (RETAIN-IT)", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "National Heart Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 31750, "first_name": "Keith A", "last_name": "Mintzer", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2024-09-01", "end_date": "2029-08-31", "award_amount": 162820, "principal_investigator": { "id": 31751, "first_name": "Angela", "last_name": "Aifah", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 832, "ror": "", "name": "NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "NY", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "The increased life expectancy of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWH) and the associated burden of non- communicable diseases (NCDs) in PLWH has prompted an urgent need for effective community engaged strategies that engage care PLWH with comorbid NCDs in clinical treatment. Current integrated models of care lack a focus on community engagement as a strategy to refer impacted individuals to clinical treatment – an integral aspect of translating evidence-based practices (EBPs) in LMICs. More specifically, despite the use of community clinical linkages as an effective strategy to link impacted individuals to clinical treatment for complex health conditions (such as opioid use disorder and emerging infections like the COVID-19 pandemic), its use for NCD prevention among PLWH and comorbid hypertension in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) is suboptimal. In order to sustain the public health gains made in the treatment of HIV, community clinical linkages must be prioritized as a key component of HIV/NCD integrated care models in LMICs. Guided by the Community- Based System Dynamics (CBSD) and Human-Centered Design (participatory approaches that involve participants in developing solutions to complex system challenges), this K01, “LeveRaging Community Engagement to SusTAIN NCD InTegrated Care Models (RETAIN-IT)”, leverages the infrastructure of a community-based organization (Network of People Living with HIV in Nigeria (NEPWHAN)) to co-develop a community-clinical linkage (CCL) model that will facilitate the referral of PLWH to primary healthcare centers for hypertension treatment. The research aims of this proposal are to: 1) identify and map the multi-level barriers and facilitators of developing a community-clinical linkage model for care of PLWH and comorbid hypertension in Akwa Ibom, Nigeria; 2) co-develop with NEPWHAN, a culturally tailored, community led strategy for linking PLWH with comorbid hypertension to primary health centers for management of hypertension; and 3) assess the acceptability, appropriateness, and feasibility of the community-led strategy using a pre-post pilot study design. To accomplish these research aims and prepare for a larger study, the applicant will receive training in: 1) systems science theory and methods, including community-based system dynamics; 2) partnership building with community partners; and 3) in using community clinical linkage models as an implementation strategy for advancing evidence-based practices for integrated models of care in PLWH and comorbid NCDs under the direction of Drs. Gbenga Ogedegbe, Antoinette Schoenthaler, Nadia Islam, Brita Roy, and Dike Ojji. Findings from the proposed research will advance research on the role of community clinical linkages in sustaining integrated NCD models of care in LMICs and directly aligns with NHLBI’s strategic goal to advance translational research by facilitating innovation and accelerating research translation.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "15237", "attributes": { "award_id": "1R21DE033170-01A1", "title": "ACE2-independent alternative receptors for SARS-CoV-2 at the oral mucosa", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 22517, "first_name": "Preethi", "last_name": "Chander", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2024-08-01", "end_date": "2026-07-31", "award_amount": 235500, "principal_investigator": { "id": 31822, "first_name": "Theresa L", "last_name": "Chang", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 1856, "ror": "", "name": "RUTGERS BIOMEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "NJ", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "Coronavirus disease (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has been a major challenge for public health since the first case was reported in December 2019. In May 2023, the WHO and CDC marked the end of the COVID-19 public health emergency. However, COVID-19 remains a threat due to continuously evolving new variants, and fully vaccinated people remain susceptible to infection by the newer variants of the virus. SARS-CoV-2 entry is primarily mediated by binding of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (receptor-binding domain, RBD) to the human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor. Although ACE2-expressing cells support robust SARS-CoV-2 viral replication, ACE2 expression profiles are not completely associated with clinical manifestations or immune responses. Furthermore, SARS-CoV-2 infects organs or cells that do not express ACE2, suggesting the involvement of alternative receptors for SARS-CoV-2. Our and other laboratories have identified ACE2-independent alternative receptors for SARS-CoV-2, and infection via alternative receptors (e.g. CD147) is resistant to monoclonal antibodies against spike RBD, which is the target for several SARS-CoV-2 vaccines to block ACE2 binding. Our preliminary data show that oral epithelial, salivary gland, and gingival epithelial cells are susceptible to the replication-competent SARS-CoV-2 and pseudotyped SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant despite low or undetectable expression of ACE2. These oral epithelial cells do however express high levels of alternative receptors CD147 or AXL, suggesting the role of alternative receptors in SARS-CoV-2 infection of oral epithelial cells. We hypothesize that these alternative receptors play a critical role in SARS-CoV-2 infection and virus-mediated immune activation in region-specific oral epithelial cells. In Aim 1, we will determine repertories of receptors for SARS-CoV-2 and infection profiles in region-specific oral epithelial cells and tissues from healthy subjects and subjects with oral inflammation pre- and post-treatment. In Aim 2, we will determine the contribution of specific receptors to SARS-CoV-2 infection and virus-mediated immune activation in oral epithelial cells. Considering that the virus will continue to infect humans regularly, it is critical to understand the role of alternative receptors for SARS-CoV-2 in the oral mucosa, the potential portal of SARS-CoV-2 entry, to develop anti-viral therapeutics and strategies to dampen virus-mediated immune activation and disease outcomes, especially as regards emerging variants.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "15117", "attributes": { "award_id": "2418011", "title": "SBIR Phase I:Combinatorial Platform for the Discovery of Improved Molecular Recognition Components for Use in Therapeutic and Diagnostic Antibodies", "funder": { "id": 3, "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62", "name": "National Science Foundation", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "Technology, Innovation and Partnerships (TIP)", "SBIR Phase I" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 773, "first_name": "Erik", "last_name": "Pierstorff", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2024-09-01", "end_date": null, "award_amount": 273550, "principal_investigator": { "id": 31668, "first_name": "Christopher", "last_name": "Szent-Gyorgyi", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 2510, "ror": "", "name": "BIOCOGNON LLC", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "PA", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "The broader impact of this Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Phase I project is the fundamental improvement of crucial antibody components that recognize and bind therapeutic or diagnostic targets. Modern antibodies are usually engineered as protein chimeras comprised of different parts, including one to several molecular recognition domains that mediate binding. The proposed research will integrate breakthroughs in next generation DNA sequencing and synthetic and computational biology to create a combinatorial high throughput platform for generating better recognition domains. The core aim is to creatively and efficiently use genetic information from patients, pathogens and antibodies for the advancement of therapeutics and diagnostics across a spectrum of diseases. The platform could expedite the design and discovery of current antibody-based therapeutics to reduce the enormous costs and time required to bring these drugs to market. The platform is ideally suited for the development of new classes of therapeutics where very rapid, adaptable and inexpensive response is required, such as in truly personalized treatments of continuously changing tumors or in rapidly evolving viral pandemics where passive vaccines need to be generated at scale.<br/><br/>The proposed project will demonstrate that a novel yeast-based high throughput screening platform is able to efficiently generate molecular recognition domains that specifically recognize clinically important targets. The proof-of-concept target antigens are a human receptor/ligand pair important for the immunosuppression of certain cancers and a coronavirus surface protein that mediates infection by binding a human receptor. In these screens, the use of yeast cells that surface display antibody recognition domains, and secrete these target antigens from the same cell, enables next generation sequencing to identify the genetic information encoding both the domain and the target. This dual detection capability is made possible by innovative fluorescent biosensors and is unique to this screening platform. The project will utilize synthetic biology to construct a library with a rich variety of recognition domains that will be screened simultaneously against several target antigens of varying design. Next generation sequencing analysis will show that it is practical to implement combinatorial screens using engineered recognition domains and antigens to identify recognition domains with desired binding specificity and affinity.<br/><br/>This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "15034", "attributes": { "award_id": "5R01CA269832-02", "title": "Promoting Equity of Cancer Screening and Follow-up for Lung Cancer", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "National Cancer Institute (NCI)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 23464, "first_name": "SALLIE JAYNE", "last_name": "Weaver", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2023-06-09", "end_date": "2028-05-31", "award_amount": 642126, "principal_investigator": { "id": 27634, "first_name": "Chyke Abadama", "last_name": "Doubeni", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 778, "ror": "", "name": "OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "OH", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT: Lung cancer is highly lethal and accounts for nearly as many deaths as breast, cervical, colorectal, and prostate cancers combined, but most lung cancer cases are potentially preventable. About 80-90% of cases are smoking-related, and screening followed by high-quality treatment has been shown to reduce the risk of death in people at high-risk. Therefore, smoking cessation interventions plus screening are two complementary pillars that are recommended together by the US Preventive Services Task Force and other guidelines to reduce the lung cancer death rate. Unfortunately, uptake of lung cancer screening (LCS) remains low and although disparities in lung cancer deaths by socioeconomic factors, including rurality, are widely acknowledged, they remain understudied. Evidence shows that rural areas have higher lung cancer death rates than urban populations, likely related to risk factors and healthcare access. However, efforts to understand and address rural-urban disparities are hampered by low representation of rural populations in public data systems. The goal of this proposal is to elucidate factors that contribute to lung cancer disparities between rural and urban areas and provide contextual information for future interventions and policies. Our specific aims are to: (1) Characterize the delivery of evidence-based interventions (EBIs) for lung cancer prevention and early detection, comparing rural to urban areas, by assessing differences in use of smoking cessation interventions and LCS at multiple levels of influences; (2) Identify potentially modifiable care gaps across the LCS continuum, including risk assessment and timely treatment, by examining patients who died of lung cancer relative to patients who are alive by rural-urban status; and (3) Evaluate similarities and differences in the barriers and promoters to delivery of EBIs across the LCS continuum (smoking cessation, shared decision-making, screening, and treatment) in the rural and urban contexts. We will use a multidimensional health equity framework to apply a convergent, mixed methods approach for our studies. We will leverage the Rochester Epidemiology Project, a unique population-based data resource for a 27-county contiguous area in the Midwestern US, along with the Southern Community Cohort Study across 12 states in the Southeastern US, among a diverse population of 50- 80-year-old people. We will use Rural-Urban Commuting Area codes to define rurality and will assess both self- reported and area-level socioeconomic information. We will conduct semi-structured interviews with patients and clinical staff to gain perspectives on LCS barriers and promoters, including the potential role of smoking-related stigma. The proposed research has the potential for high impact by elucidating gaps on lung cancer prevention and early detection that will translate directly into strategies to address intransigent lung cancer disparities in our study population, and beyond. We will thus address priorities of the NCI and the President’s Cancer Panel to advance equity and address the potential COVID-19 impact on the delivery of LCS. Our transdisciplinary team has a track record of high-impact research and has the needed expertise to successfully complete this research.", "keywords": [ "Address", "Area", "COVID-19", "COVID-19 impact", "COVID-19 pandemic", "Cancer Control", "Cancer Death Rates", "Cancer Etiology", "Caring", "Censuses", "Cessation of life", "Classification", "Clinic", "Clinical", "Code", "Cohort Studies", "Colorectal Cancer", "Communities", "Commuting", "Continuity of Patient Care", "County", "Data", "Databases", "Death Rate", "Dimensions", "Disparity", "Early Diagnosis", "Elderly", "Eligibility Determination", "Epidemiology", "Equity", "Evidence based intervention", "Federally Qualified Health Center", "Future", "Goals", "Guidelines", "Health Professional", "Health Services Accessibility", "Health care facility", "Health system", "Healthcare", "Individual", "Information Systems", "Intervention", "Interview", "Knowledge", "Malignant Breast Neoplasm", "Malignant Neoplasms", "Malignant neoplasm of cervix uteri", "Malignant neoplasm of lung", "Malignant neoplasm of prostate", "Measures", "Methods", "Patient Self-Report", "Patients", "Persons", "Policies", "Population Heterogeneity", "President&apos", "s Cancer Panel", "Primary Care", "Process", "Race", "Recommendation", "Reporting", "Research", "Risk Assessment", "Risk Factors", "Risk Reduction", "Role", "Rural", "Rural Population", "Scientist", "Screening Result", "Screening for cancer", "Series", "Site", "Smoking", "Smoking Cessation Intervention", "Social Environment", "Socioeconomic Factors", "Socioeconomic Status", "Structure", "System", "Taxonomy", "Translating", "Travel", "United States National Institutes of Health", "United States Preventative Services Task Force", "Urban Population", "Variant", "Woman", "X-Ray Computed Tomography", "aged", "cancer care", "cancer diagnosis", "cancer health disparity", "cohort", "data resource", "disorder risk", "effective intervention", "epidemiology study", "follow-up", "health care availability", "health equity", "high risk", "improved outcome", "innovation", "lens", "low dose computed tomography", "lung cancer prevention", "lung cancer screening", "men", "mortality", "mortality risk", "novel", "novel coronavirus", "population based", "preventable death", "preventive intervention", "promote resilience", "promoter", "rural area", "rurality", "screening", "shared decision making", "smoking cessation", "smoking prevalence", "social", "social factors", "social stigma", "socioeconomic disadvantage", "socioeconomics", "study population", "up" ], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "14937", "attributes": { "award_id": "5R01NR020940-02", "title": "Perceived Immigration Laws and Infectious Disease Control Measures", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "National Institute of Nursing Research (NINR)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 31607, "first_name": "Karen Marie", "last_name": "Mcnamara", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2023-08-23", "end_date": "2028-05-31", "award_amount": 541052, "principal_investigator": { "id": 28022, "first_name": "CAROL L", "last_name": "GALLETLY", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 700, "ror": "https://ror.org/00qqv6244", "name": "Medical College of Wisconsin", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "WI", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "Over 44 million immigrants live in the US, and nearly half (44%) are Latinx. Historically, US immigrants have been reluctant to engage in public health infectious disease control measures such as testing, contact tracing, vaccination, and prompt medical care. Yet the public's cooperation is essential if infectious disease control measures are to succeed, especially among a marginalized subpopulation such as Latinx immigrants. Increasingly, commentators have noted the potential for immigration laws and concerns to deter immigrants from engaging in communicable disease control measures. This may be especially true for conditions of immigration significance that can be shrouded with negative legal and social connotations. Findings from our studies of Latinx immigrants' immigration concerns related to largely individual-level public health interventions--specifically use of services for HIV testing, substance use disorders and intimate partner violence--confirms commentators' concerns, (1R01MD011573 PI: Galletly) and our preliminary study of Latinx immigrants' legal concerns relevant to COVID testing, contact tracing, and treatment (R01MH091875-S1 PI: Galletly) strongly suggest this influence applies to large scale, population-level disease control efforts as well. The proposed study will extend our research on the influence of actual, and importantly, perceived, immigration-related laws on Latinx immigrants' use of HIV prevention services to examine the influence of these on Latinx immigrants' ability and willingness to engage in population-level disease control efforts where government direction is more prominent. Specifically, we propose to leverage the recent increased public awareness of public health disease control measures to examine the influence of actual and perceived immigration-related laws on Latinx immigrants' willingness to engage in testing, contact tracing, and treatment as recommended by public health representatives when indicated for tuberculosis, hepatitis C, and COVID-19. Our interdisciplinary team of researchers, attorneys, community health workers and public health representatives will collaborate on this mixed-methods, community-engaged study. Formative legal and qualitative inquiry to identify the nature, extent, and influence of immigration-related law concerns will inform the development of a de novo immigration law concerns measure to be administered to 1200 Latinx immigrants living in two US regions with diverse immigration environments. Participants with diverse documentation statuses, countries of origin, time spent in the US, and residence in rural/agricultural and urban settings will be purposively sampled to further inform analysis of these complex behaviors. Identifying actual and perceived legal barriers to immigrants' engagement in disease control measures can only be useful if results are transferred to practice. We will explore, with public health personnel, how best to support the rapid transfer of findings to practice. Given that US public health departments conduct, finance, or advise virtually all communicable disease control efforts, they are an ideal conduit for this.", "keywords": [ "AIDS prevention", "Address", "Agriculture", "Area", "Awareness", "Behavior", "COVID-19", "COVID-19 pandemic", "COVID-19 testing", "Caring", "Charge", "Cities", "Collaborations", "Communicable Disease Control", "Communicable Diseases", "Communities", "Community Health Aides", "Community Health Nursing", "Complex", "Contact Tracing", "Country", "County", "Development", "Disease Management", "Documentation", "Environment", "Feedback", "Focus Groups", "Funding", "Gender", "Government", "HIV", "HIV Seropositivity", "Health", "Health Personnel", "Hepatitis B", "Hepatitis C", "Household", "Human immunodeficiency virus test", "Immigrant", "Immigration", "Individual", "Infection", "Intervention", "Interview", "Latinx", "Laws", "Lawyers", "Legal", "Measures", "Medical", "Methods", "Modeling", "Nature", "Occupational", "Participant", "Pattern", "Perception", "Policies", "Population", "Process", "Public Health", "Public Health Nursing", "Public Health Practice", "Recommendation", "Reporting", "Research", "Research Personnel", "Rural", "Sampling", "Scanning", "Sentinel", "Services", "Severities", "Structure", "Substance Use Disorder", "Surveys", "Testing", "Time", "Translating", "Tuberculosis", "Vaccination", "Work", "Writing", "behavior influence", "community engaged research", "community organizations", "data exchange", "disorder control", "experience", "intimate partner violence", "marginalization", "member", "metropolitan", "pilot test", "prevention service", "public health intervention", "residence", "response", "screening", "social", "social stigma", "success", "transmission process", "urban setting", "virtual", "willingness" ], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "14864", "attributes": { "award_id": "1R21AI175920-01A1", "title": "Therapy for long-COVID in a preclinical model", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 6115, "first_name": "DIPANWITA", "last_name": "Basu", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2024-07-11", "end_date": "2026-05-31", "award_amount": 212625, "principal_investigator": { "id": 31551, "first_name": "DANIEL", "last_name": "KAUFMAN", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 818, "ror": "", "name": "UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "CA", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "New SARS-CoV-2 variants and novel coronaviruses will constantly arise and affect large proportions of the worldwide population. Although the current wave of infections with Omicron subvariants is much less lethal than that caused by previous SARS-CoV-2 variants (e.g., Wuhan-Hu1, Alpha, and Delta), about 10% of Omicron- infected patients develop prolonged post-acute neurological sequelae involving cognitive impairments (“brain fog”), difficulty concentrating, anxiety, and depression. Histological studies of brains from COVID-19 patients have often observed immune cell infiltrates and increased frequencies of glial cells with inflammatory phenotypes indicative of neuroinflammatory responses. Currently, there are no approved prophylactic or interventive treatments for SARS-CoV-2-induced neuroinflammation. There is a growing body of evidence that immune cells, microglia, and astrocytes express γ -aminobutyric acid receptors (GABAA-Rs). The activation of these GABAA-Rs inhibits their pro-inflammatory activities and shifts T cells, antigen-presenting cells, microglia, and astrocytes toward anti-inflammatory phenotypes. Taking advantage of these properties, researchers have used homotaurine, a clinically applicable GABAA-R agonist that can cross the blood-brain-barrier, to 1) reverse experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) a model of multiple sclerosis (MS) and 2) reduce the levels inflammatory cytokines in the CNS, decrease neuronal loss, and ameliorate behavioral deficits in a model of autism spectrum disorder. Furthermore, we have shown that GABAA- R agonists reduce circulating proinflammatory cytokines/chemokines, viral replication in the lungs, the severity of illness, and death in mice infected with two different coronaviruses: MHV-1 and SARS-CoV-2. Additionally, in clinical trials, homotaurine treatment has had some promising beneficial effects in Alzheimer’s disease patients. We contend that homotaurine is an excellent candidate for preventing and ameliorating SARS-CoV-2- induced neuroinflammation. We will test this hypothesis in the hamster model of long COVID, arguably the best rodent model available at this time. We anticipate that we will demonstrate the potential of an entirely new drug class to help prevent and ameliorate SARS-CoV-2-induced neuroinflammation. Because homotaurine is safe for human consumption, it could be rapidly tested in clinical trials. Since the mechanism evoked by GABAA-R activation is unlike that of any other drugs being considered for treating long COVID, GABAA-R agonists are likely to have enhanced therapeutic effects when combined with other treatments. Finally, the results may have broader applications to treat other conditions involving CNS inflammation. Therefore, the results of our studies may provide novel approaches to help improve the health of the global community.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "15256", "attributes": { "award_id": "1R01AI179891-01", "title": "A Rapid Phenotypic Drug Susceptibility Testing System for Tuberculosis", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 7856, "first_name": "Karen A.", "last_name": "Lacourciere", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2024-08-23", "end_date": "2029-06-30", "award_amount": 610516, "principal_investigator": { "id": 31844, "first_name": "Mireille", "last_name": "Kamariza", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 818, "ror": "", "name": "UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "CA", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "Tuberculosis (TB) is second only to COVID-19 as the most lethal cause of death from a single infectious agent. In 2020, an estimated 10 million people developed TB, nearly half a million of which were infected with drug- resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB). Early detection of infection and drug resistance is critical to controlling DR-TB as this enables rapid engagement into effective care. Unfortunately, only 71% of newly diagnosed TB patients are ever tested for rifampicin resistance, and even fewer receive more comprehensive testing. Additionally, despite improved treatment success rates for DR-TB globally, these success rates do not reflect upstream losses resulting from undiagnosed (missing cases) and untreated patients. Currently, bacterial culture and nucleic acid testing remain the primary methods for diagnosing infection, with smear microscopy being phased out. However, these methods present significant limitations for diagnosing drug resistance such as lengthy time-to-result for phenotypic tests, as well as the need for a priori knowledge of resistance mutations and prohibitive cost for molecular tests. Clearly, there remains a critical need for a fast, accurate, and cost-effective DST, particularly for resource-limited settings. To address this, we propose to design and develop a rapid phenotypic drug susceptibility test that can be easily adapted in TB endemic regions. The trehalose- based DST, termed Tre-DST, is based on novel trehalose probes, which require metabolic conversion to emit fluorescent signals, giving them their unique ability to specifically detect live Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). Agnostic to mechanism(s) of drug resistance, Tre-DST can be used with all WHO-recommended DRTB drugs, as well as any future TB drugs as a companion diagnostic. In Aim 1, we will develop, characterize, and optimize a family of novel fluorescent trehalose probes (3HC-Tre and RMR-Tre) that are specifically designed to improve performance over DMN-Tre and to distinguish live Mtb, making them ideal as biomarkers of drug susceptibility. We will also evaluate probe specificity to TB and probe performance across a variety of bacteria typically present in oral mucosa. In Aim 2, we will develop and optimize Tre-DST as a multi-drug DST for first- and second-line TB drugs. We will evaluate Tre-DST’s performance in accurately determining drug resistance using drug susceptible and drug resistant Mtb strains, treated singly and in combination with the anti- TB drugs that fulfill the WHO Target Product Profile (TPP) for next generation DST. We will also evaluate several point-of-care (POC)-friendly detection methods to optimize efficiency and cost-effectiveness. Lastly, in Aim 3, we will perform preliminary evaluation using banked clinical isolates in Johannesburg, South Africa to assess the performance of Tre-DST in the field. We will evaluate pre-validated readout methods in this clinical study, benchmarking the performance of Tre-DST against bacterial culture.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } } ], "meta": { "pagination": { "page": 4, "pages": 1419, "count": 14184 } } }