Grant List
Represents Grant table in the DB
GET /v1/grants?page%5Bnumber%5D=4&sort=other_investigators
{ "links": { "first": "https://cic-apps.datascience.columbia.edu/v1/grants?page%5Bnumber%5D=1&sort=other_investigators", "last": "https://cic-apps.datascience.columbia.edu/v1/grants?page%5Bnumber%5D=1394&sort=other_investigators", "next": "https://cic-apps.datascience.columbia.edu/v1/grants?page%5Bnumber%5D=5&sort=other_investigators", "prev": "https://cic-apps.datascience.columbia.edu/v1/grants?page%5Bnumber%5D=3&sort=other_investigators" }, "data": [ { "type": "Grant", "id": "15066", "attributes": { "award_id": "5R00EB031913-03", "title": "De novo design of a generalizable protein biosensor platform for point-of-care testing", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 27406, "first_name": "SHAWN PATRICK", "last_name": "Mulvaney", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2023-06-01", "end_date": "2026-05-31", "award_amount": 249000, "principal_investigator": { "id": 27407, "first_name": "Hsien Wei", "last_name": "YEH", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 1547, "ror": "", "name": "UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SANTA CRUZ", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "CA", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "úú PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Delivering diagnostic services at the point-of-care (POC) can improve the quality of healthcare in clinics, in emergency settings, or at home, which can potentially ease hospitals’ burden, for instance, during the COVID- 19 pandemic. Precision and personalized medicine revolution also require POC testing to provide readily available biomarker information to clinicians. The goal of this career development proposal is to create fast, inexpensive, sensitive, and reliable molecular diagnostics to address the 21st-century healthcare challenges. The central hypothesis is that we can efficiently utilize computational protein design to create modular allosteric protein switches, named LOCKR (Latching Orthogonal Cage–Key pRotein), that enable the rapid and reversible conformational changes upon interaction. As a proof of principle, we demonstrate that LOCKR- based biosensors can be configured to produce bioluminescence upon the addition of clinical targets (e.g., botulinum toxin, cardiac troponin I, HER2 receptor, Fc domain, anti-HBV mAb, anti-SARS-CoV2 antibodies, and SARS-CoV2 receptor-binding domain/spike protein, Fig 1 and 2) in homogeneous “all-in-solution” assays. Due to the modularity of LOCKR sensor platform and the advance in de novo binder design for arbitrary protein targets, we proposed the integration of both features as the universal strategy to develop tailored biosensors for user-defined targets. The main specific aims for the independent phase are to iteratively expand LOCKR-based diagnostics with the synergy of (1) de novo protein binder design to directly detect various disease protein biomarkers, and (2) indirectly detect the antibodies that compete with the designed interface, as POC devices; and (3) to repurpose the original luminescence signal with other compatible readouts by exchanging the reporter modules. For more specific proof-of-concept projects during the mentored phase, I describe in Aim 1 the use of state-of-the-art computational protein design methods to create an interleukin-6 binder and biosensor. In Aim 2, I propose a general way to develop antibody biosensors by demonstrating COVID-19 serological tests as an example. With my expertise in biosensor engineering, I attempt in Aim 3 to develop a ratiometric bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) biosensor to analyze the HBV antibody and a colorimetric biosensor to measure human cardiac troponin I level. Ultimately, I anticipate this new sensor platform is significant for the development of robust protein sensors that will be broadly applicable to arbitrary targets and enabling its POC compatible readouts for future diagnostics.", "keywords": [ "2019-nCoV", "Address", "Affinity", "Algorithms", "Antibodies", "Area", "Basic Science", "Binding", "Binding Proteins", "Biological Assay", "Biological Markers", "Bioluminescence", "Biosensor", "Body Fluids", "Botulinum Toxins", "Bypass", "COVID-19", "COVID-19 pandemic", "Cardiac", "Caring", "Clinic", "Clinical", "Collection", "Color", "Colorimetry", "Consumption", "Coupled", "Coupling", "Creativeness", "Darkness", "Detection", "Development", "Development Plans", "Devices", "Diagnostic", "Diagnostic Reagent", "Diagnostic Services", "Directed Molecular Evolution", "Disease", "Drops", "ERBB2 gene", "Economics", "Energy Transfer", "Engineering", "Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay", "Equilibrium", "Event", "Fc domain", "Future", "Gene Order", "Goals", "Health Priorities", "Healthcare", "Hepatitis B Antibodies", "Hepatitis B Virus", "Home", "Hospitals", "Human", "Incubated", "Interleukin-6", "Light", "Luciferases", "Measurable", "Measures", "Medical", "Mentors", "Mentorship", "Methods", "Mission", "Modality", "Molecular", "Molecular Conformation", "Monitor", "Monoclonal Antibodies", "Names", "Oligonucleotide Microarrays", "Patients", "Peptides", "Phase", "Protein Engineering", "Proteins", "Published Comment", "Reporter", "Reporting", "Research", "Research Personnel", "SARS-CoV-2 antibody", "Sampling", "Serology test", "Signal Transduction", "Specimen", "Surface", "System", "Technology", "Therapeutic", "Thermodynamics", "Time", "Treatment outcome", "Troponin I", "United States National Institutes of Health", "Work", "Yeasts", "antibody detection", "career", "career development", "clinically relevant", "complement system", "design", "disability", "emergency settings", "flu", "health care availability", "health care quality", "health care service", "improved", "instrument", "interest", "luminescence", "molecular diagnostics", "neutralizing antibody", "novel", "pandemic impact", "pathogen", "personalized medicine", "point of care", "point of care testing", "point-of-care diagnostics", "precision medicine", "protein biomarkers", "ratiometric", "receptor", "receptor binding", "seasonal influenza", "sensor", "synergism", "systemic inflammatory response", "tv watching" ], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "14993", "attributes": { "award_id": "5R01TW012704-02", "title": "Phylogenetic modeling of viral transmission dynamics at the human-wildlife interface in Uganda", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "Fogarty International Center (FIC)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 13005, "first_name": "Christine", "last_name": "Jessup", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2023-07-20", "end_date": "2028-05-31", "award_amount": 500000, "principal_investigator": { "id": 28677, "first_name": "Krista", "last_name": "Milich", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 827, "ror": "", "name": "WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "MO", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "Many infectious diseases that threaten humans originated among wildlife, yet we know relatively little about the real-world ecological conditions that enable spillover events. Despite its importance, identifying novel viral pathogens and characterizing their transmission dynamics remains difficult because it requires advanced genetic sequencing technologies, sampling wildlife likely to harbor pathogens of concern to humans, and sophisticated modeling techniques. We will study red colobus monkeys in Kibale National Park, Uganda, other nonhuman primates, and people who neighbor these wildlife populations to quantify transmission dynamics within and between species. Our team will collect behavioral ecology data on red colobus monkeys living in areas of the forest with different degrees of anthropogenic disturbance and conduct interviews with people living along the boundary of the park with varying exposure risks for zoonotic diseases. We will conduct repeat sampling of people and individually identifiable red colobus monkeys to analyze the gut virome, assess infection with gastrointestinal parasites known to infect both red colobus and people, discover previously undocumented viral diversity, detect the presence of novel pathogens of concern to humans, red colobus monkeys, and other primates (e.g. SARS-CoV-2), and track the evolutionary spread of detected pathogens. To model how red colobus-associated viruses spread, we will develop new phylodynamic models that allow longitudinal ecological and biogeographical data to structure time-heterogenous epidemiological event rates. We will also create, test, and distribute new software for simulation, Bayesian inference, and deep learning-based inference to model how infectious diseases spread in a wide variety of ecosystem-level transmission scenarios. Our proposed project will benefit public health and wildlife conservation and expand STEM training in the USA and Uganda. Working with Ugandan communities, we will co-create solutions to address risks for zoonotic disease transmission and test mitigation strategies to reduce transmission pathways.", "keywords": [ "2019-nCoV", "Address", "Area", "Bayesian Analysis", "Behavioral", "Colobus Genus", "Communicable Diseases", "Communities", "Data", "Disease", "Ecology", "Ecosystem", "Epidemiology", "Event", "Genetic", "Human", "Individual", "Infection", "Interview", "Methods", "Modeling", "Parasites", "Pathogen detection", "Pathway interactions", "Persons", "Phylogenetic Analysis", "Population", "Primates", "Public Health", "Research", "Risk", "Sampling", "Satellite Viruses", "Statistical Data Interpretation", "Structure", "Techniques", "Technology", "Testing", "Time", "Training", "Uganda", "Viral", "Viral Genome", "Virus", "Zoonoses", "anthropogenesis", "deep learning", "disease transmission", "emerging pathogen", "forest", "gastrointestinal", "infectious disease model", "nonhuman primate", "novel", "pathogen", "pathogenic virus", "simulation software", "spillover event", "transmission process", "viral transmission", "virome" ], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "15258", "attributes": { "award_id": "1R01MD019094-01A1", "title": "Modeling Health Equity and Economic Impacts of National Strategies to Address Food and Nutrition Insecurity", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (NIMHD)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 31846, "first_name": "VANESSA J", "last_name": "Marshall", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2024-08-23", "end_date": "2028-02-28", "award_amount": 750910, "principal_investigator": { "id": 31847, "first_name": "David Daeho", "last_name": "Kim", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 289, "ror": "https://ror.org/024mw5h28", "name": "University of Chicago", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "IL", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "With worsening food insecurity in the COVID-19 pandemic and rising food prices, a 2022 White House initiative sought to address diet-related diseases (e.g., obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease) and disparities through food and nutrition insecurity interventions. However, Policymakers lack critical evidence on the effects of promising interventions to address food and nutrition insecurity because of no available evidence on long-term population health, effects on health disparities, and cost-effectiveness. This proposal seeks to fill these gaps by improving our understanding of the health equity and economic effects of different food and nutrition interventions and providing important evidence to support national priorities around diet-related diseases and health disparities. Based on three criteria: (a) strategies outlined in the 2022 White House report, (b) conceptual framework based on a health impact pyramid and NIMHD research framework regarding the domains of influence (population- vs. individual-based), and (c) availability of supporting evidence, we have identified four highly promising interventions to address food and nutrition insecurity: (1) expanding the USDA-supported Gus Schumacher Nutrition Incentive Program and (2) expanding the SNAP benefits and eligibility, (3) accelerating uptake of food/nutrition security screening and (4) enhancing access to nutrition/obesity counseling. Using our NIH-funded, validated, state-of-the-art, and dynamic microsimulation model, this project will measure the longer-term health outcomes, health equity, and economic impact of these four highly promising policy interventions to address food and nutrition insecurity on the US adult population and across racial/ethnic and socioeconomic groups. Through robust sensitivity and scenario analyses, our analytic framework allows us to examine the heterogeneous effects of these diverse interventions on long-term effectiveness and cost-effectiveness across population subgroups and whether such heterogeneous effects reflect differences in baseline risks (e.g., food insecurity) or vulnerability to the risk (e.g., effects of food insecurity on outcomes) or intervention’s effects across subgroups. Our innovative approach and multidisciplinary expert research team uniquely position us to measure long-term population health effects of food and nutrition insecurity interventions (Aim 1), estimate long-term effects on health disparity across population subgroups of food and nutrition insecurity interventions (Aim 2), quantify economic effects and cost- effectiveness of food and nutrition insecurity interventions (Aim 3). An independent dissemination aim will improve knowledge translation to end-users by conducting legal and administrative feasibility analysis and developing a web-based interactive platform (National Food and Nutrition Policy Impact Simulator). With the growing need for more robust evidence to address food and nutrition insecurity, our project will generate policy-relevant evidence on optimal policy choices that may depend on how different interventions affect long-term population health, certain key groups (i.e., reducing disparities), and overall cost-effectiveness. Using such evidence, policymakers can prioritize evidence-based national food and nutrition policies.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "15036", "attributes": { "award_id": "5R21AI175905-02", "title": "Investigation of sarbecovirus exposure patterns and development of pan-SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody responses in high-risk cohorts in Myanmar", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 6243, "first_name": "BROOKE ALLISON", "last_name": "Bozick", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2023-06-06", "end_date": "2025-05-31", "award_amount": 214874, "principal_investigator": { "id": 24369, "first_name": "Tierra Smiley", "last_name": "Evans", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 746, "ror": "", "name": "UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "CA", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "Emerging severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants of concern pose a global challenge to the effectiveness of existing and future vaccines. This project will address questions surrounding the immunological response to different sarbecovirus exposure patterns with implications for vaccine development by conducting longitudinal repeated surveillance of unique human populations, previously determined to be highly exposed to a diversity of SARS-CoV-2-related coronaviruses in Myanmar. There is a timely opportunity to follow these communities, particularly immediately following SARS-CoV-2 infection and/or vaccination to understand which previous sarbecovirus exposure patterns expand the likelihood of development of pan-sarbecovirus neutralizing antibodies. We will evaluate the impact of diverse patterns of natural and vaccination-based sarbecovirus exposure on development of pan- sarbecovirus neutralizing antibodies by following three specific human cohorts: (1) elephant loggers engaged in bushmeat hunting (including bats and pangolins) during the process of active deforestation of Myanmar’s remaining teak forests, (2) bat guano harvesting communities surrounding HpaAn cave systems in Kayin State and (3) a previously uninvestigated population engaged in religious activities within the Karst cave systems in the Northern Dawna range. Waxing and waning of specific antibody responses will be followed over time through use of pre-pandemic archived specimens from these populations and repeated prospective sampling. We will utilize a novel Luminex bead-based multi-plex sarbecovirus assay, capable of simultaneously detecting neutralizing antibodies against 21 different hACE2-binding sarbecoviruses. Exposure patterns to specific sarbecoviruses will be identified and viral characteristics evaluated for their contribution to the likelihood of developing pan-sarbecovirus antibody responses, including viral genetic and functional phenotypic similarity and host plasticity (breadth of host species a virus is known to infect). Patterns of prior natural sarbecovirus exposure coupled with natural SARS-COV-2 infection and / or vaccination will then be evaluated for contributions to broadly reactive antibody responses. Data generated through this project will inform on potential cross sarbecovirus clade vaccination strategies that could protect against both known and future emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants. We will also conduct an in-depth investigation of behavioral risk factors contributing to zoonotic sarbecovirus spillover that will aid in mitigation strategies in this critically important ecological region for coronavirus emergence.", "keywords": [ "2019-nCoV", "Age", "Antibody Response", "Behavior", "Behavioral", "Binding", "Biological", "Biological Assay", "COVID-19 pandemic effects", "Characteristics", "Chiroptera", "Communities", "Coupled", "Data", "Deforestation", "Development", "Effectiveness", "Elephants", "Exposure to", "Frequencies", "Funding", "Future", "Harvest", "Human", "Immune response", "Immunization Programs", "Individual", "Infection", "Investigation", "Medical History", "Myanmar", "Pattern", "Phenotype", "Population", "Process", "Public Health", "Religion", "Risk Behaviors", "Risk Factors", "SARS coronavirus", "SARS-CoV-2 infection", "SARS-CoV-2 infection history", "SARS-CoV-2 variant", "Sampling", "Sarbecovirus", "Serum", "Specimen", "Surveys", "System", "Time", "USAID", "United States National Institutes of Health", "Vaccination", "Vaccines", "Viral", "Virus", "Waxes", "Work", "Zoonoses", "biological specimen archives", "cohort", "exposed human population", "forest", "high risk", "high risk behavior", "neutralizing antibody", "novel", "novel coronavirus", "post SARS-CoV-2 infection", "pre-pandemic", "prospective", "vaccination strategy", "vaccine development", "vaccine strategy", "variants of concern", "virus genetics" ], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "15169", "attributes": { "award_id": "1R01HS029862-01A1", "title": "Effects of COVID-19 Related Medicaid Policy Changes in the Marshallese COFA Migrant Population", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 24040, "first_name": "Fred", "last_name": "Hellinger", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2024-09-01", "end_date": "2028-06-30", "award_amount": 372996, "principal_investigator": { "id": 31753, "first_name": "Jennifer Audrey", "last_name": "Andersen", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 772, "ror": "", "name": "UNIV OF ARKANSAS FOR MED SCIS", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "AR", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "Access to healthcare is a persistent public policy concern, particularly for Marshallese Compact of Free Association (COFA) migrants in the United States. This research addresses the impact of Medicaid policy changes, prompted by the COVID-19 pandemic, on healthcare access for Marshallese COFA migrants residing in Northwest Arkansas, where the largest settlement of this population (~15,000) exists. Despite their eligibility for Medicaid under the 1986 RMI-US COFA agreement, subsequent legislative changes, notably the 1996 Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act (PRWORA), resulted in a significant portion (approximately 50%) of the Marshallese population being devoid of healthcare coverage. Even after the enactment of the Affordable Care Act and Medicaid expansion in 2014, which did not reinstate Medicaid coverage for COFA migrants, these disparities persisted. The Consolidated Appropriations Act of December 2020 reinstated Medicaid access after a 25-year gap. However, the effectiveness of this policy change in ensuring enrollment and optimizing healthcare service utilization remains unknown. The overall objective of this study is to determine the effect of Medicaid policy changes enacted in response to the COVID-19 pandemic for Marshallese COFA migrants. We will leverage our long-standing community-engaged relationship with the Marshallese community in Arkansas to collect primary data to generate important data on the barriers and facilitators to Medicaid enrollment for Marshallese COFA migrants, and to inform effective community-based interventions. Our Specific Aims are: Aim 1: Examine the Medicaid enrollment process and identify barriers and facilitators to healthcare for Marshallese newly eligible under Medicaid policy changes. We will conduct four focus groups with 50 Marshallese to qualitatively explore barriers and facilitators to Medicaid enrollment and accessing healthcare services. Aim 2: Conduct a needs assessment to assess barriers and facilitators to inform community-based interventions to improve Medicaid enrollment and use of primary and preventative healthcare services. We will develop and administer a survey to 750 Marshallese to assess the need for community-based interventions to increase enrollment and the use of healthcare services. The survey will focus on barriers and facilitators to Medicaid enrollment and primary/preventative healthcare utilization, and use the themes that emerge in Aim 1 to direct the selection of additional existing validated survey measures. The study's findings will contribute essential information for the development of community-based interventions tailored to enhance Medicaid enrollment and healthcare service utilization among COFA migrants and other underserved populations. The established rapport with the Marshallese community uniquely positions us to implement and evaluate these interventions, fostering equitable healthcare delivery.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "15223", "attributes": { "award_id": "1R01AG087296-01", "title": "Alzheimer's Special Care Units in Nursing Homes: Racial and Ethnic Disparities, Resident Outcomes, and State Policies", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "National Institute on Aging (NIA)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 27518, "first_name": "THERESA YOUNGJOO", "last_name": "Kim", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2024-09-01", "end_date": "2028-05-31", "award_amount": 424184, "principal_investigator": { "id": 27405, "first_name": "Huiwen", "last_name": "Xu", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 265, "ror": "https://ror.org/03czfpz43", "name": "Emory University", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "GA", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "Alzheimer's special care units (SCUs) are a promising care model for nursing home residents with Alzheimer's Disease & Related Dementias (ADRD). SCUs provide higher quality care and improve outcomes for residents with ADRD. Our preliminary analysis further found that, in facilities with an SCU, the disparities in 3-month hospitalization rates and pressure ulcers between Hispanic and White residents were eliminated or greatly reduced. Despite the benefits of SCUs, racial and ethnic minority residents are less likely to access SCUs than White residents, suggesting that lack of SCU access may be a mechanistic pathway responsible for disparities in outcomes. Currently, SCUs are available in only 14% of nursing homes and access varies substantially across states. State Medicaid policies and SCU regulations can incentivize or disincentivize nursing homes to develop SCUs. By analyzing national Medicare claims and resident assessment data, as well as unique Ohio surveys of SCUs and resident and family satisfaction with care, we propose to understand the extent to which racial and ethnic differences in SCU access contribute to disparities in outcomes, and the associations of current state policies and regulations with SCU availability. The specific aims are: Aim 1) To examine disparities in access to Alzheimer's SCUs among Black and Hispanic residents with ADRD; Aim 2) To understand SCU access as a pathway to disparities in health outcomes among Black and Hispanic residents with ADRD; and Aim 3) To investigate which state policies are associated with increased availability of SCUs. The primary analyses will study the 819,415 newly-admitted long-stay residents with ADRD in 15,305 nursing homes from 2011 to 2019. The decomposition method will uncover factors that explain disparities in SCU access among Black and Hispanic residents, and mediation analyses will assess how differences in SCU access contribute to racial and ethnic disparities in health outcomes. Dominance analyses will evaluate the contribution of specific SCU characteristics (physical environment, staffing, and physician involvement) to health outcomes and resident and family satisfaction, as well as reduced racial and ethnic disparities. We will also analyze 2020- 2024 data to examine whether our findings hold during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Hierarchical Generalized Linear Mixed Models and Difference-in-Differences method will explore which state policies (e.g., supplementary payments for SCU care, Medicaid payment-to-cost ratios, regulations about staffing or training) are associated with SCU availability. Understanding the role of SCU access in racial and ethnic disparities in ADRD-related outcomes can inform policymakers as they seek to mitigate disparities in nursing home care.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "15108", "attributes": { "award_id": "2416816", "title": "SBP: Collaborative Research: Investigating an integrative model of colonial-based identities", "funder": { "id": 3, "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62", "name": "National Science Foundation", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "Social, Behavioral, and Economic Sciences (SBE)", "SBP-Science of Broadening Part" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 2516, "first_name": "Steven", "last_name": "Breckler", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2024-09-01", "end_date": null, "award_amount": 423417, "principal_investigator": { "id": 31653, "first_name": "Luis", "last_name": "Rivera", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 303, "ror": "", "name": "Rutgers University Newark", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "NJ", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "The history of colonialism impacts society members' education, health, and prosperity today. One legacy of colonialism is that racial groups and identities signal and reinforce status and advantage differences. Moreover, among individuals from low-status and disadvantaged groups, racial identities are often linked to support for public policies. This project develops and tests a model evaluating the relations between the history of colonialism and present-day racial identities, providing insights into how these identities impact the quality of life for individuals from low-status and disadvantaged groups.<br/><br/>This collaborative project adopts a mixed-methods approach, using quantitative and qualitative studies to better understand colonial-based racial identities. Initial studies evaluate the overall model and explore how individuals experience the history of colonialism in relation to their racial identities. Subsequent studies conduct experimental work to examine cause-and-effect relations between the psychology of colonialism and racial identities. This research addresses these aims by involving participants from Puerto Rico, a United States territory widely considered to be one of the world’s oldest colonies and whose people often experience disproportionately unfavorable outcomes (e.g., poverty, low education attainment, poor health), which have been exacerbated by recent public health and ecological events (e.g., COVID, Hurricane Maria). Project findings can inform policymakers and educators about how history affects present-day social cognition, and the work can build bridges across many social science literatures that often explore these issues in relative isolation.<br/><br/>This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "15231", "attributes": { "award_id": "1K08AI180347-01", "title": "Elucidating the impact of immune imprinting on SARS-CoV-2 variant vaccination strategies using a humanized mouse model", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 26918, "first_name": "Michelle Marie", "last_name": "Arnold", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2024-08-15", "end_date": "2029-07-31", "award_amount": 193644, "principal_investigator": { "id": 31815, "first_name": "Anthony", "last_name": "Bowen", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 781, "ror": "", "name": "COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "NY", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "/ ABSTRACT: Rationale: Continued evolution of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has led to immune-evasive variants that pose a persistent threat to global public health. Updated vaccines are needed to provide improved immune responses against emerging variants, but current approaches targeting the Omicron BA.4/5 variant may have limited effectiveness due to immune imprinting caused by prior immune system exposure to ancestral D614G variant antigens. Our preliminary data suggests that bivalent boosters targeting BA.4/5 do not provide superior neutralizing antibody (NAb) responses to SARS-CoV-2 variants compared to the original monovalent vaccine. This mentored career project aims to elucidate the impact and molecular basis of immune imprinting following primary D614G vaccination on subsequent humoral responses to variant antigens. Candidate: As an Infectious Diseases physician with a PhD in Microbiology and Immunology, I am uniquely positioned to bridge the gap between biomedical research and patient care to advance our knowledge of humoral immune responses to SARS-CoV-2. Further training in virology, structural biology, bioinformatics, and monoclonal antibody characterization will be crucial for completion of the proposed research and my development as an independent physician-scientist specializing in humoral immunity to pathogens of global importance. I have a globally recognized mentor in Dr. David Ho and benefit from an outstanding multidisciplinary team of experts to guide my training and research progress. Environment: The Ho laboratory at the Columbia University Irving Medical Center (CUIMC) is a leading group in the study of SARS-CoV-2, with expertise in the characterization of viral variants and monoclonal antibodies. This enriching environment provides access to a large network of collaborators including experts in cryo-electron microscopy, single cell sequencing, and antibody repertoire analysis. CUIMC also has a strong track record of enabling junior physician-scientists to develop independent and successful careers in academic medicine. Approach: Our central hypothesis is that primary vaccination targeting the SARS-CoV-2 D614G strain induces immunological imprinting that restricts antibody responses to subsequently encountered viral variant antigens. In Aim 1, we will test the impact of imprinting on NAb responses following BA.4/5 boosting strategies in a humanized mouse model. In Aim 2, we will characterize the antibody repertoires of immunized mice to identify imprinting effects using single B cell sequencing and bioinformatic approaches. In Aim 3, we will use high- throughput techniques to produce monoclonal antibodies, determine their neutralizing activity, and identify epitopes associated with imprinting responses though structural and binding assays. Through these aims, we will expand understanding of the immunologic and structural basis underlying imprinting in SARS-CoV-2. Our results should inform novel strategies for structure-based vaccine design to circumvent imprinting responses and produce broader immunity to SARS-CoV-2 variants and possibly other antigenically variable pathogens.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "14894", "attributes": { "award_id": "1R01AI178605-01A1", "title": "A NOVEL STRATEGY TO INHIBIT SARS-COV-2 INFECTION AND COVID-19", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 6115, "first_name": "DIPANWITA", "last_name": "Basu", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2024-06-13", "end_date": "2029-04-30", "award_amount": 697983, "principal_investigator": { "id": 31583, "first_name": "PHILIPPE ANDRE", "last_name": "GALLAY", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 745, "ror": "", "name": "SCRIPPS RESEARCH INSTITUTE, THE", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "CA", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "While the development of effective vaccines against CoV-2 is cause for optimism, vaccine hesitancy in developed countries and shortages in low-income countries are jeopardizing efforts to curb the pandemic. Out of the 6.4 billion people living in low-income countries, only 2% have access to vaccines. Consequently, the conditions are ripe for continued spike mutation and evolution to increasingly transmissible strains causing more severe illness. Some of these emerging strains may even challenge the protection of vaccines. In this application, we propose a novel therapeutic approach for the eradication of CoV-2. We developed a new strategy, which consists of hijacking the viral replication machinery to trigger the death of CoV-2-infected cells, while preserving uninfected cells. We propose to administer intranasally human ACE2 transgenic mice and Syrian hamsters a “tailored” RNA encoding the diphtheria toxin fragment A (DTA) called {CoV-2 Hijack DTA} that is only recognized and transcribed by the CoV-2 polymerase (Pol/RdRp) present in infected cells, triggering DTA expression and rapid death of infected cells. Since DTA cannot cross the cellular membrane, it cannot kill uninfected cells. Because RNA can be easily broken down in the body, it needs to be transported within a protective carrier. Noninvasive aerosol inhalation is a well-established method of drug delivery to the respiratory tract and represents an ideal route for nucleic-acid-based therapeutics as demonstrated in various clinical trials. We propose to design degradable polymer-lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) that can deliver RNAs by nebulization (inhalation) to the respiratory tract. We propose to synthesize hyperbranched poly-beta amino esters (hPBAEs) to enable nanoformulation by nebulizer of stable and concentrated polyplexes suitable for inhalation. This strategy should achieve uniform distribution of RNAs throughout lungs resulting in high levels of proteins of interest 24h post-inhalation of hPBAE polyplexes without local or systemic toxicity due to rapid degradation of hPBAE vectors. The safety and antiviral efficacy of nebulized {CoV-2 Hijack DTA} RNA LNPs stably protected by degradable hPBAEs will be analyzed. Our in vivo imaging IVIS Lumina S5 system permits a daily bioluminescence (NanoLuc-CoV-2) or fluorescence (mNeonGreen CoV-2) quantification of the {CoV-2 Hijack DTA} RNA LNPs-mediated killing of infected lungs in live animals. We will investigate the MoA causing the killing of CoV-2-infected cells by {CoV-2 Hijack DTA}. We will use complementary approaches to determine whether {CoV-2 Hijack DTA} triggers apoptosis, membrane permeability and/or chromosomal degradation leading to cell killing. By scRNA-Seq, we will analyze i) the specific killing of infected cells at high resolution on large numbers of cells exposed to {CoV-2 Hijack DTA}; ii) the global map of apoptotic DNA breakpoints such as DNA fragmentation; and iii) the phenotype of immunological target cells. We will examine whether {CoV-2 Hijack DTA} RNA LNPs counteract the deleterious inflammatory response, which occurs during CoV-2 infection including histopathological lesion development, interstitial pneumonia and cytokine cascade.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "15155", "attributes": { "award_id": "2441449", "title": "CRII: III: Pursuing Interpretability in Utilitarian Online Learning Models", "funder": { "id": 3, "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62", "name": "National Science Foundation", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "Computer and Information Science and Engineering (CISE)", "Info Integration & Informatics" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 27554, "first_name": "Raj", "last_name": "Acharya", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2024-08-15", "end_date": null, "award_amount": 175000, "principal_investigator": { "id": 27713, "first_name": "Yi", "last_name": "He", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 414, "ror": "", "name": "College of William and Mary", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "VA", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "In today's world, the real-time generation of enormous amounts of data has become commonplace, spanning domains such as e-commerce, social media, environmental science, urban disaster and pandemic monitoring, and many others. Such streaming data necessitate data mining (DM) models that can analyze them in time as they emerge, derive actionable insights, and make adjustments on the fly. For instance, predicting crowd movement due to public events (such as concerts, games, parades, and protests) based on data streaming from social media and city sensors can aid in reducing the traffic by steering clear of overcrowded areas. However, as DM models become more prevalent in practice, interpretability has emerged as a vital issue. User comprehension and trust in DM model outputs are critical for their acceptance in daily routines and workflows. Nonetheless, existing research on data streams has focused mainly on model accuracy, producing models that are too complex for human interpretation. This gap between DM researchers and practitioners calls for new research that optimizes model accuracy and interpretability simultaneously. This project aims to bridge the gap by developing novel online algorithms that are transparent to human users and can provide a complete explanation of the logic behind each prediction, earning the trust of human operators and increasing legal defensibility when used to support decision-making in crucial domains such as healthcare, economy, security, and social goods.<br/><br/>The overarching goal of this project is to advance interpretability research of online DM models through three research objectives: (1) understanding the dynamism of varying feature spaces and its impact on model structure; (2) quantifying model prediction uncertainty in the absence of adequate supervision labels; and (3) indexing and elucidating model inference paths. To achieve these objectives, the project will focus on four research thrusts. The first thrust will develop novel algorithms that capture and model the variation patterns of feature spaces through an expository feature correlation graph, allowing for joint learning of graphs and predictive models. The second thrust will focus on developing unsupervised methods to quantify the uncertainty of model predictions and identify geometric manifolds underlying data streams with memory-efficient structures. The third thrust will devise new systems to index, track, and illustrate the complete generation process of online predictions. The fourth thrust will establish evaluation metrics and protocols to standardize interpretability measurement in streaming data contexts. The project aims to contribute to interpretable data mining and machine learning research, which will help bridge the gap between data scientists and domain-specific forecasting experts. The educational component of the project will involve mentoring and educating researchers interested in pursuing DM careers in academia or industry, with a particular focus on underrepresented, financially disadvantaged, or disabled undergraduate students in computer science research. The project will also pioneer new classes at the forefront of data mining research and organize workshops at city libraries to engage with the broader public.<br/><br/>This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } } ], "meta": { "pagination": { "page": 4, "pages": 1394, "count": 13934 } } }