Grant List
Represents Grant table in the DB
GET /v1/grants?page%5Bnumber%5D=3&sort=other_investigators
{ "links": { "first": "https://cic-apps.datascience.columbia.edu/v1/grants?page%5Bnumber%5D=1&sort=other_investigators", "last": "https://cic-apps.datascience.columbia.edu/v1/grants?page%5Bnumber%5D=1424&sort=other_investigators", "next": "https://cic-apps.datascience.columbia.edu/v1/grants?page%5Bnumber%5D=4&sort=other_investigators", "prev": "https://cic-apps.datascience.columbia.edu/v1/grants?page%5Bnumber%5D=2&sort=other_investigators" }, "data": [ { "type": "Grant", "id": "15300", "attributes": { "award_id": "1R01MH134938-01A1", "title": "Confirmatory Efficacy of the Building a Strong Identity and Coping Skills Program for Low-Income Young Adolescents", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 11081, "first_name": "Mary", "last_name": "Rooney", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2024-08-01", "end_date": "2029-05-31", "award_amount": 914649, "principal_investigator": { "id": 20931, "first_name": "MARTHA E", "last_name": "WADSWORTH", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [ { "id": 833, "ror": "", "name": "PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY, THE", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "PA", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true } ] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 833, "ror": "", "name": "PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY, THE", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "PA", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "Levels of adolescent anxiety, depression, and suicidality have been steadily rising over the last decade and have reached record levels in the wake of the COVID pandemic, prompting declarations of a national emergency in youth mental health. These alarming trends are especially dramatic for youth living in poverty, and low-income youth who are members of minoritized racial or ethnic groups and those living in isolated rural areas, who experienced some of the most severe impacts from the pandemic. The COVID pandemic and its mitigation efforts exacerbated these disparities by increasing potent stressors such as social isolation, loss, and family disruptions. Mental health risks evident for diverse low-income adolescents are further compounded by limited access to culturally affirming services made even scarcer in the pandemic. Waitlists at many youth- serving clinics approach 12 months, and access to affordable services is even more limited. Equally important is the dearth of interventions designed specifically to meet the needs of low-income adolescents that are trauma-informed, and based on inclusive empowerment principles, contextual strength-based frameworks, and firm empirical evidence. The Building a Strong Identity and Coping Skills (BaSICS) program is a trauma- informed coping and empowerment intervention for early adolescents exposed to chronic stress that (1) teaches individual and collaborative skills for coping with stress and trauma, (2) develops positive social identity, and (3) culminates in group-based community action. By building supportive relationships with peers, improving active engagement coping, fostering identity development, and empowering youth to action, BaSICS gives adolescents tools with which to address the myriad stressors to which they are exposed. The proposed work aims to replicate and extend the findings from a smaller-scale trial of BaSICS where, relative to control group, youth randomized to BaSICS acquired targeted coping and self-regulation skills and demonstrated improved cortisol reactivity and reduced internalizing problems. The proposed study will examine treatment effects on depression, anxiety and suicidality in clinically referred youth from four sites across central Pennsylvania. The proposed project will also extend prior findings by integrating data across multiple biological stress response systems to further evaluate the potential for BaSICS to re-calibrate dysregulated stress physiology. Enrolling low-income youth from various racial and ethnic groups and from urban and rural areas, the trial will enable examination of potential moderators of BaSICS that can inform future dissemination efforts. The proposed study promises to further NIMH’s Strategic Framework on Youth Mental Health Disparities by improving our understanding of interventions with potential to reduce mental health disparities. Adding to our mental health arsenal a biologically potent, targeted intervention that balances the need for fundamental self-regulation and coping skills with the need for a culturally affirmative strength and resource building approach, could help move the needle on socioeconomic health disparities.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "15040", "attributes": { "award_id": "7R01MD018180-02", "title": "Evaluating Medicaid Postpartum Coverage Extensions through and Equity Lens", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (NIMHD)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 23654, "first_name": "YEWANDE A", "last_name": "Oladeinde", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2023-06-04", "end_date": "2027-12-31", "award_amount": 642775, "principal_investigator": { "id": 27640, "first_name": "Teresa", "last_name": "Janevic", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 781, "ror": "", "name": "COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "NY", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "Recent policy debates to extend Medicaid postpartum are fueled by the US maternal health crisis: The US maternal mortality rate is the highest among high-income countries and includes stark racial inequities. Black people have more than 3X risk of dying from pregnancy related causes than White people. Racial and ethnic disparities for maternal morbidity are equally glaring. Immigrants, too, face higher rates of maternal morbidity and perinatal complications. Sustained, continuous access to perinatal health care is critical to maternal health and health equity, yet ~45% of birthing people with Medicaid and CHIP lose coverage after 60 days. Postpartum Medicaid extensions are key features of recent policy attempts to address the deplorably high Black maternal mortality and morbidity rates. However, structural racism shaping US institutions means such policies could either mitigate or exacerbate inequities. Policymakers need evidence about the impact of postpartum Medicaid access on maternal health equity to guide design and implementation. Since March 2020, the Families First Coronavirus Response Act (FFCRA) has conferred a de-facto Medicaid postpartum coverage extension nationwide, but it is due to expire imminently. Meanwhile, 27 states have already adopted or are seeking to pass legislation to extend postpartum Medicaid coverage, but their policy approaches vary in legal basis, eligibility criteria, length of coverage, and immigrant exclusions. Moreover, states vary in their existing Medicaid eligibility policies prior to the pandemic, which has profoundly shaped who has remained eligible during the pandemic with uncertain eligibility post-pandemic. Our overarching objective is to evaluate the impact of postpartum Medicaid policy on maternal health equity. We propose using an adaptive concurrent mixed-methods design to measure national changes in postpartum Medicaid enrollment while exploiting differences in two states' policies to examine health care utilization in greater depth. We focus on two large, diverse states: Texas (TX) has expanded Medicaid to six months postpartum through a demonstration waiver, while New York (NY) is using the American Rescue Plan Act to expand Medicaid 12 months postpartum. Using national American Community Survey (ACS) and Medicaid claims data from TX and NY, our quantitative aims will apply interrupted time series (ITS) and difference-in-difference (DID) approaches. In our qualitative aim, we will interview postpartum women, healthcare providers, community-based organizations, and policymakers on the efficacy of postpartum Medicaid extension implementation, which will inform the analysis approach and enrich our findings. Our proposal not only fills gaps in targeted research on the impact of postpartum Medicaid access on maternal health equity, but also shifts the paradigm to focus on the role of structural racism in the design and implementation of policy and its influence on pregnant people's access to postpartum benefits. Our findings will be a key resource for policymakers on equitable design and implementation of postpartum Medicaid extension.", "keywords": [ "Address", "Adopted", "Adoption", "American", "Birth", "Black Populations", "Black race", "Communities", "Community Surveys", "Contraceptive methods", "Coronavirus", "Country", "Data", "Death Rate", "Diabetes Mellitus", "Dimensions", "Eligibility Determination", "Enrollment", "Environment", "Equity", "Exclusion", "Exclusion Criteria", "Face", "Family", "Goals", "Health Personnel", "Health Policy", "Healthcare", "Hypertension", "Immigrant", "Income", "Inequity", "Institution", "Insurance", "Interruption", "Interview", "Laws", "Legal", "Length", "Maternal Health", "Maternal Mortality", "Maternal health equity", "Measures", "Medicaid", "Medicaid eligibility", "Mental Health", "Methods", "Modeling", "Neighborhoods", "New York", "Outcome", "Perinatal", "Persons", "Policies", "Policy Maker", "Postpartum Period", "Postpartum Women", "Pregnancy", "Provider", "Recommendation", "Reduce health disparities", "Research Priority", "Resources", "Risk", "Role", "Series", "Shapes", "Statutes and Laws", "Structural Racism", "Targeted Research", "Texas", "Time", "Variant", "Visit", "community organizations", "design", "ethnic disparity", "follow-up", "health care service utilization", "health equity", "improved", "insight", "lens", "maternal morbidity", "pandemic disease", "perinatal complications", "perinatal health", "post implementation", "post-pandemic", "postpartum health", "pragmatic implementation", "pre-pandemic", "pregnant", "primary outcome", "programs", "racial disparity", "response", "waiver" ], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "15995", "attributes": { "award_id": "1IK2HX003695-01A2", "title": "Improving Specialty Care Through Virtual Care Models", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [], "start_date": "2026-01-01", "end_date": "2030-12-31", "award_amount": null, "principal_investigator": { "id": 44448, "first_name": "Rebecca", "last_name": "Tisdale", "orcid": "", "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 3442, "ror": "", "name": "VETERANS ADMIN PALO ALTO HEALTH CARE SYS", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "CA", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "1 Background: Specialty care deserts—the absence of specialists in geographic regions—have led to an access 2 crisis for the VA. In addition to increasing wait times and causing delays in care, these access needs drive many 3 Veterans to seek care outside VA, resulting in fragmented care, increased risks for hospitalization and hospital 4 readmission, and higher costs. In response, VA has launched the Clinical Resource Hub (CRH) program, which 5 seeks to deliver virtual care from “hub” to “spoke” sites in VA. VISN 21 has begun implementing this model in 6 cardiology at several spoke sites, but little is known about how care utilization and quality within the program. 7 Significance/Impact: This work seeks to better understand the effects of a virtual model of specialty care, in 8 this case cardiology care, on Veterans’ care access and quality. In addition, it aligns closely with several VA and 9 HSR&D priorities, chiefly access to care, virtual care/telehealth, and advancing the goals of the MISSION Act. 10 Innovation: The CRH program and the virtual care model at its core have yet to be studied in depth, and there 11 is no research in progress regarding specialty CRH despite strong interest at the national VA level in 12 understanding how specialty CRH is used and associated outcomes. Given that virtual cardiology care was very 13 limited prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, cardiology CRH is particularly novel. Hence, this project would add to 14 the limited body of research examining virtual cardiology care in the VA. In addition, the proposed work seeks to 15 evaluate this virtual care model at a time of unprecedented choice for Veterans between in-person and virtual 16 care, and limited data on how best to integrate these modalities. 17 Specific Aims: The proposed CDA will offer mentorship and training for me to pursue the following aims: 18 Aim 1. Evaluate quality of cardiology care associated with CRH implementation with administrative data. 19 I will use adjusted difference-in-difference event studies to compare cardiology quality metric achievement for 20 patients who received cardiology care via CRH versus those who received conventional VA-based cardiology care. 21 Aim 2. Assess Veteran perceptions of quality of cardiology care delivered via CRH. 22 I will interview Veterans participating in the CRH program and their caregivers regarding their experiences and 23 perceptions of quality of CRH cardiology care and elicit suggestions for key metrics to focus on for improvement. 24 Aim 3. Construct intervention to track and improve access to high-quality, equitable care through CRH. 25 Building on finding from Aims 1 and 2, I will interview clinicians and employ a facilitated deliberative process with 26 an expert advisory group to construct and pilot an intervention to improve quality. 27 Methodology: In Aim 1, I will use a difference-in-difference event study design to assess the impact of the program 28 on a battery of validated and/or guideline-based quality of cardiology care metrics. In Aim 2, guided by the Fortney 29 model of care access and quality, I will conduct semi-structured interviews of Veterans and caregivers receiving 30 care through the VISN 21 CRH program to understand their experiences with the CRH program and what outcomes 31 they recommend to include in a quality improvement intervention. In Aim 3, I will interview clinicians (Aim 3.1) and 32 conduct a facilitated deliberation process (Aim 3.2) to inform the construction of an intervention (proactive panel 33 management using a clinical dashboard tool) to track and improve quality of care and pilot the intervention. 34 Next Steps/Implementation: To continue moving this research into practice to improve health outcomes for 35 Veterans, I will extend the analysis of cardiology quality of care to compare cardiology care in the community to 36 CRH care. In addition, I will assess the effect of the intervention constructed in Aim 3 on patient outcomes and 37 clinician satisfaction via a hybrid implementation-effectiveness trial. I will continue to work with operational partners 38 to ensure cardiology CRH is improving access to high-quality cardiology care for Veterans. This project supports 39 my goal of becoming an independent VA health services researcher and leader in optimizing cardiovascular 40 disease care access, value, and equity for Veterans through virtual care innovations and implementation.", "keywords": [ "Achievement", "Address", "Area", "COVID-19 pandemic", "California", "Cardiology", "Cardiovascular Diseases", "Cardiovascular system", "Caregivers", "Caring", "Characteristics", "Cladribine", "Clinical", "Clinical Services", "Communities", "Community Health Care", "Dangerousness", "Data", "Disease", "Ensure", "Equity", "Evaluation", "Event", "Geographic Locations", "Goals", "Guidelines", "Health", "Health Services", "Health Services Accessibility", "Heart failure", "Homogeneously Staining Region", "Hospitalization", "Hospitals", "Improve Access", "Intervention", "Interview", "Medical", "Mentors", "Mentorship", "Methodology", "Methods", "Modality", "Modeling", "Morbidity - disease rate", "Nevada", "Outcome", "Pacific Islands", "Patient-Focused Outcomes", "Patients", "Perception", "Persons", "Physicians", "Policies", "Positioning Attribute", "Process", "Qualitative Methods", "Quality of Care", "Recommendation", "Research", "Research Design", "Research Personnel", "Resources", "Risk", "Rural Health", "Safety", "Site", "Specialist", "Structure", "Suggestion", "Telemedicine", "Telephone", "Testing", "Time", "Training", "Training Activity", "Veterans", "Visit", "Wait Time", "Work", "adverse outcome", "care fragmentation", "care seeking", "care utilization", "clinical implementation", "connected care", "cost", "dashboard", "design", "effectiveness/implementation trial", "experience", "follow-up", "health economics", "hospital readmission", "hospitalization rates", "implementation efforts", "implementation science", "improved", "innovation", "insight", "interest", "intervention effect", "medical specialties", "mortality", "novel", "operation", "patient subsets", "pilot test", "preference", "programs", "rapid growth", "research to practice", "response", "rural counties", "satisfaction", "sociodemographics", "southern nevada", "telehealth", "therapy design", "tool", "virtual", "virtual delivery", "virtual health care", "virtual model" ], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "15180", "attributes": { "award_id": "1R01HL165423-01A1", "title": "Role of ERK1/2 signaling in SARS-CoV-2 -induced dysregulated immunity and lung pathology.", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "National Heart Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 22653, "first_name": "EMMANUEL FRANCK", "last_name": "Mongodin", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2024-09-06", "end_date": "2029-06-30", "award_amount": 408606, "principal_investigator": { "id": 25517, "first_name": "Rudragouda", "last_name": "Channappanavar", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 1192, "ror": "", "name": "OKLAHOMA STATE UNIVERSITY STILLWATER", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "OK", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "(Abstract): Emerging and re-emerging respiratory viruses such as SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2, and avian and swine influenza viruses continue to pose a significant challenge to public health. These highly pathogenic viruses successfully evade host immunity and replicate to high titers, causing excessive inflammation, acute lung injury (ALI), acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and fatal pneumonia. However, the host and virus factors that facilitate impaired antiviral response and excessive inflammation (dysregulated immunity) that lead to ALI and lung pathology are not known. In novel preliminary findings, we identify that toll-like receptor (TLR)-extracellular regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 activity is central to SARS- CoV-2 and viral-RNA-induced dysregulated lung immunity. Notably, blocking ERK1/2 activity not only reduced SARS-CoV-2-induced inflammatory cytokine production but also enhanced antiviral IFN-I response. Therefore, based on our strong preliminary data, we hypothesize that myeloid cell-intrinsic TLR- ERK1/2 signaling promotes pathogenic lung inflammation and suppresses antiviral immunity. The primary objective of the proposed study is to demonstrate the critical role of myeloid-cell TLR-ERK1/2 signaling in SARS-CoV-2-induced dysregulated immunity, acute lung injury (ALI), and lung pathology, and to evaluate the therapeutic potential of blocking ERK1/2 activity in suppressing lethal inflammation while enhancing antiviral. We will define the role of myeloid cell-intrinsic TLR-ERK1/2 activity in SARS-CoV-2-induced lung injury and pathology (Aim 1), demonstrate the role of myeloid cell intrinsic TLR-ERK1/2 activation in the dysregulation of SARS-CoV-2-specific lung T cell response (Aim 2), and test the therapeutic potential of blocking ERK1/2 signaling with or without antivirals in reducing lung injury and protecting mice from lethal SARS-CoV-2 infection (Aim 3). The results obtained from this study will provide a foundation for identifying specific targets to moderate lung inflammation and injury, which in combination with antivirals, can be used to improve ALI, ARDS, and clinical outcomes.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "15227", "attributes": { "award_id": "1R01AI180050-01A1", "title": "Development of anti-LPS therapeutic antibodies for the treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 23961, "first_name": "Zuoyu", "last_name": "Xu", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2024-08-01", "end_date": "2029-07-31", "award_amount": 741917, "principal_investigator": { "id": 31809, "first_name": "Mariette", "last_name": "Barbier", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 1093, "ror": "https://ror.org/011vxgd24", "name": "West Virginia University", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "WV", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "The goal of this proposal is to develop therapeutic antibodies for the treatment of multidrug resistant (MDR) P. aeruginosa infections, with an emphasis on sepsis. With the rise in antimicrobial resistance around the world we are running out of therapeutic options against MDR P. aeruginosa. Our laboratory has identified a potential solution to address this problem: a therapeutic antibody cocktail that targets the lipopolysaccharide of P. aeruginosa. One of the antibodies present in the cocktail (WVU-VDC-S3D4, or S3D4 for short) completely protects mice against lethal sepsis, preventing bacterial dissemination and cytokine storm. This antibody is also more potent than vaccination with a P. aeruginosa whole cell vaccine or passive immunization with serum from whole cell vaccinated mice. Most interestingly, S3D4 is also capable of directly killing P. aeruginosa in vitro in the absence of complement or immune cells. In this proposal, we will characterize the mechanism of action of S3D4, formulate it in an LPS multivalent antibody cocktail, and evaluate efficacy against MDR P. aeruginosa. To do this, we will evaluate host and bacterial factors involved in S3D4 function (Aims 1 and 2). We will then combine it as cocktail with three additional antibodies that target the 6 LPS serogroups that cause 87% of P. aeruginosa bloodstream infection. Efficacy in vitro and in vivo will be evaluated with MDR clinical isolates (Aim 3). We will also evaluate efficacy against P. aeruginosa biofilms. We hypothesize that a multivalent anti-LPS cocktail of antibodies, alone or in combination with standard of care antibiotics, will be efficacious for the prevention and treatment of MDR P. aeruginosa sepsis. By the completion of these studies, we anticipate to elucidate the mechanism of action of a novel class of antibodies that can directly kill P. aeruginosa in vitro, which will help with the production of additional antibodies with similar functions against other MDR organisms. We will also produce proof of concept data to support the generation antibody therapy against P. aeruginosa infections. Altogether, this project will generate important knowledge to improve the lives of patients affected by this MDR bacterium.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "15165", "attributes": { "award_id": "2441478", "title": "Collaborative Research: Ideas Lab: The Role of Extracellular RNA in Intercellular and Interkingdom Communication", "funder": { "id": 3, "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62", "name": "National Science Foundation", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "Biological Sciences (BIO)", "Plant Genome Research Project" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 954, "first_name": "Gerald", "last_name": "Schoenknecht", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2024-03-01", "end_date": null, "award_amount": 1022597, "principal_investigator": { "id": 955, "first_name": "Patricia", "last_name": "Baldrich", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 276, "ror": "", "name": "University of California-Davis", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "CA", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "This project is a collaboration among seven laboratories with diverse and complementary expertise. The overarching goal of the project is to understand the role of extracellular RNA (exRNA) in communication between cells and in shaping the community of microbes, especially bacteria, that live on and inside plants, insects, and humans. These collections of microbes are often referred to as microbiomes and are critical for the health of plants and animals, including humans. A healthy microbiome promotes a healthy immune system, but how healthy microbiomes are maintained is poorly understood. This project will test the hypothesis that RNA secreted by host cells plays a central role in maintaining health both through communication among cells and by modifying the microbiome. RNA is best known for its key role in protein production inside cells, such as in RNA-based COVID vaccines. However, not all RNA encodes proteins, and cells produce more non-coding RNA than coding RNA, some of which is actively pushed into the environment by cells. This secreted RNA appears to be taken up by other cells, including bacteria and fungi, where it could potentially impact their growth. Understanding how exRNAs shape communication between cells and organisms will enable manipulation of exRNA communication in both agriculture and medicine, which will lead to development of environmentally friendly pesticides, as well as treatments that promote formation of healthy microbiomes in both plants and animals. This knowledge will also enable development of diagnostic and therapeutic tools for early detection and/or treatment of disease.<br/><br/>All cellular organisms secrete RNAs. The functions of these extracellular RNAs (exRNAs), however, are poorly understood. Two likely functions are intercellular and interkingdom communication. Open questions abound in exRNA biology: how are exRNAs selected for secretion, how are they targeted to recipient cells, and what are their roles in normal health and organismal fitness? Arabidopsis leaf exRNA isolates are highly enriched in the post-transcriptional modification N6-methyladenosine (m6A) (as compared to total cellular RNA) suggesting that post-transcriptional modifications may tag specific RNAs for export. Consistent with this, human exosomal microRNAs are enriched with m6A (relative to cytosolic microRNAs). Interestingly, a large number of mammalian small non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) that localize to the external cell surface were recently found to harbor specific sialylated glycan modifications. These observations suggest that specific RNA modifications tag RNAs for cellular export and direct entry into appropriate recipient cells. This project will 1) test the hypothesis that exRNAs have specific features marking them for secretion and uptake, both within and among species, 2) determine how exRNAs are transferred from signaler to receiver cells, and 3) assess the impact of exRNA on microbiome health and composition through examining human gut, insect gut, and leaf surface models.<br/><br/>This project was co-funded by the Directorate for Biological Sciences, and the Plant Genome Research Program and the Plant Biotic Interactions Program in the Division of Integrative Organismal Systems.<br/><br/>This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "15024", "attributes": { "award_id": "5F31DA059186-02", "title": "Isolating the role of endogenous mu-opioid activity in the VTA during natural reward", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 27803, "first_name": "Beth", "last_name": "Babecki", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2023-07-01", "end_date": "2026-06-30", "award_amount": 48974, "principal_investigator": { "id": 27804, "first_name": "Catalina Alejandra", "last_name": "Zamorano", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 159, "ror": "https://ror.org/00cvxb145", "name": "University of Washington", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "WA", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "SUMMARY: Opioid use disorder and opioid overdose death rates in the United States reached unprecedented levels during the COVID-19 pandemic. Understanding how endogenous opioid activity affects natural reward seeking is crucial to understanding the neuropharmacological basis of opioid use disorder. Previous research implicates the mesolimbic dopamine pathway, which refers to dopamine neurons projecting from the Ventral Tegmental Area (VTA) to the Nucleus Accumbens (NAc), in reward and addiction. Recent studies show that gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) containing neurons in the VTA (VTAGABA) provide local inhibition of dopamine neurons that synapse onto the NAc, thus playing a role in regulating reward behaviors. Importantly, these VTAGABA neurons contain a variety of G-protein coupled receptors, specifically the µ-opioid receptor (MOR). However, the exact role of these receptors and their signaling play in VTAGABA neurons and consequent regulation of natural reward is unknown. The source of endogenous opioid neuropeptide onto these MORs, and how these impacts signaling and activity has not been described. The central hypothesis of this proposal is that µ-opioid receptor signaling on VTAGABA neurons is regulated by afferent endogenous opioid peptides, resulting in disinhibition of VTAGABA neuron excitability. This results in control of dopamine neuron activity, and ultimately the expression of natural reward-seeking. This proposal directly addresses NIDA's Priority Scientific Area 1 that aims to further understand the molecular, neuropharmacological and circuit changes induced by drug use. Aim 1 will isolate the role of endogenous µ-opioid peptides in the VTA on dopamine signaling and natural reward- seeking. Aim1A uses ex vivo two-photon imaging and neuropharmacology approaches to visualize VTAGABA and VTA DA dynamics. Aim1B will investigate the effects of MOR ablation in the VTA on dopamine activity and behavior. Aim 2 will isolate the source and dynamics of endogenous µ-opioids in the VTA during natural reward behavior. In Aim 2A, I will use viral tracing techniques to anatomically visualize inputs from the lateral hypothalamus (LH) to the VTA. Aim 2B will test the effects of endogenous µ-opioid signaling on VTAGABA and DA activity in the NAc during reward seeking behaviors. In Aim 2C, I will use molecular approaches including CRISPR gene-editing and a recently developed µ-opioid biosensor (µMASS1) to understand the spatiotemporal aspects of MOR signaling in VTAGABA neurons during reward seeking. This career development training and series of experiments will provide insight into the role of endogenous MOR signaling on dopaminergic activity and natural reward-seeking. For this proposal, I will train in slice electrophysiology, two-photon slice imaging, gene-editing, molecular neuropharmacology, and behavioral approaches to understand how specific neuropeptides regulate reward circuits. This F31 proposal will greatly advance my career development plan and prepare me for a career as an independent, academic neuropharmacologist.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "15220", "attributes": { "award_id": "1R43GM155491-01", "title": "Developing Technology to Remotely Measure Molecular Composition", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 23882, "first_name": "CHARLES ASHLEY", "last_name": "Barnes", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2024-09-01", "end_date": "2025-08-31", "award_amount": 258586, "principal_investigator": { "id": 31801, "first_name": "Sarah", "last_name": "Trimpin", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 2521, "ror": "", "name": "MSTM, LLC", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "DE", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "There is a critical need for accurate and safe early stage detection of, e.g., infectious diseases, hazardous materials, and other health related issues. Remote detection directly from surfaces, especially related to health concerns (in situ, in vivo) is an underserved area of immense utility. Thus, significant commercial opportunities exist because of the dearth of these capabilities as “demonstrated” in the current double pandemics of Covid and drugs as well as persistent threats (bacterial, fungi, cancers, bioagents, etc.). Mass spectrometry (MS), because of its ability to detect hundreds of biological compounds in a single acquisition provides the capability to distinguish chemical differences associated with, e.g., different pathogens and disease states, as well as target specific compounds in or on surfaces or within compositions (e.g., drugs from Skittles), as examples. Current MS approaches use ionization methods requiring user expertise and frequently specialized instrumentation, which significantly increases cost. Over the past 30 years, mass spectrometers have undergone a renaissance in their cost-to-capability ratio. For more widespread applications of MS in advancing healthcare, there is a need for new advanced direct sampling / ion source technology that provides for minimal user intervention and long-term use without maintenance. These attributes are necessary if testing of hundreds of individual surfaces daily per instrument to e.g., identify, track, and contain the spread of infectious agents, or to detect cancer in biopsied tissue or cancer boundaries during surgery is to be implemented using MS in the future. The goal of this NIH SBIR Phase I project is to demonstrate that an entirely new sampling device-transfer-ionization approach constitutes a disruptive technology and effective method that can be used for the next-generation disease detection and health management. The basic invention of this project is covered by two MSTM provisional patent applications (April 3 and June 5, 2023), and earlier IP from inventors Trimpin (CEO of MSTM) and McEwen (President of MSTM) exclusively licensed from two universities to MSTM. In summary, these developments and remote sampling research position MSTM well for advancing this exciting area in need of new technology. Critical advantages include exceptional ease and flexibility, on the fly results, remote sampling of 3- dimensional surfaces without and with the use of a laser, robustness to instrument contamination and carryover, and the capability to retrofit with commercial atmospheric pressure ionization mass spectrometers to provide accurate, safe, detection on demand. The objective of this Phase I project is to demonstrate the feasibility and proof-of-concept of the surface reader to sample surfaces directly with a liquid meniscus or indirectly by laser ablation. In Phase II, an FDA approved CO2 laser will be implemented along with machine learning algorithms in a commercial product requiring little expertise to effectively operate. Aim 1: Build a proof-of-concept remote surface reader interfaced with an MSTM multiport inlet using SAI and VSAI MS for differentiation of diseased vs. normal tissue through computer aided m/z fingerprint recognition. Aim 2: Test the remote transfer device of Aim 1 using real samples for demonstration and Phase II purposes. MSTM has the necessary expertise and facilities to bring this Phase I project to a successful conclusion within 12 months. MSTM has enlisted help from knowledgeable companies (letters Advion, Bruker, Medtronic, Thermo, BioPharmaSpec).", "keywords": [], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "15270", "attributes": { "award_id": "1R56AI181850-01", "title": "Antibody recognition of paramyxovirus surface proteins", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 21312, "first_name": "SONNIE", "last_name": "KIM", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2024-08-16", "end_date": "2025-07-31", "award_amount": 682008, "principal_investigator": { "id": 31857, "first_name": "Jarrod", "last_name": "Mousa", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 343, "ror": "https://ror.org/05g3dte14", "name": "Florida State University", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "FL", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "While vaccines are available for SARS-CoV-2, influenza virus, and RSV, and our laboratory has advanced mAbs and vaccines for hMPV, there has been a lack of research on parainfluenza virus (PIV) disease prevention and treatment, despite being the second highest cause of acute lower respiratory infection (ALRI) in young children. Globally, PIVs cause 18 million ALRI cases, 700,000 hospital admissions, and 34,000 deaths in children younger than five years of age each year. As a comparison, RSV causes nearly 60,000 deaths in children under 5 years of age each year, while hMPV causes approximately 12,000 deaths in the same age range. Among adults, severe disease can occur in those with immuncompromising conditions, especially those with hematopoietic stem cell and solid organ transplants, as well as those with hematologic malignancy, with high resulting mortality rates. PIVs are members of the Paramyxoviridae family, which consists of both endemic viruses as well as zoonotic viruses with pandemic potential. This R01 proposal seeks to advance the development of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) for the treatment of infectious diseases, which is a major priority of NIAID and our research laboratory. Our major objective is to define the structural and mechanistic determinants mediating the neutralization and protection against paramyxoviruses. For this proposal, we will specifically focus on the PIV fusion (F) and hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) surface proteins. In Aim 1, we will define the human B cell repertoire to PIV HN and F in adults and children. We will leverage recent advances in single B cell sequencing for the generation of human mAbs, which will then be assessed for neutralization potency, epitope specificity, and interfering with the viral life cycle. In Aim 2, we will determine the optimal therapeutic strategy for anti-PIV mAbs. We will utilize two rodent models, including Syrian golden hamsters for mAb screening, followed by cotton rats for verification of therapeutic value. In Aim 3, we will determine the structural epitopes mediating antibody functionality and protective efficacy. We will define these protective mAb epitopes at the molecular level using cryo-electron microscopy, which will be essential to advancing the mAb candidates and future vaccine candidates by identifying the optimal epitopes for mAb efficacy. With the recent approval of the first RSV vaccine, and the critical use of antibody guided structure-based vaccine design to stabilize the RSV F protein in the pre- fusion conformation, this proposal is conceptually innovative as we will incorporate recently described PIV pre- fusion F proteins in our strategies, conduct the first in-depth B cell repertoire studies for PIV infection, and by the exciting collaborations. Furthermore, this proposal is technically innovative as we will leverage state of the art tools, including high-throughput single B cell sequencing and cryo-electron microscopy for determination of protective and non-protective epitopes on the PIV surface proteins. Our research will advance the field by developing new human mAb therapeutics for the treatment of PIV infection, and by defining protective epitopes important for vaccine development for PIVs, which will translate to additional paramyxoviruses.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "15320", "attributes": { "award_id": "1R01HS030271-01", "title": "Understanding and Addressing Community Health Center Burden, Resiliency, and Burnout - Systems Engineering Analyses and Approaches", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 22658, "first_name": "David", "last_name": "Rodrick", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2024-09-30", "end_date": "2029-07-31", "award_amount": 399999, "principal_investigator": { "id": 25614, "first_name": "JAMES C", "last_name": "BENNEYAN", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 184, "ror": "https://ror.org/04t5xt781", "name": "Northeastern University", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "MA", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "An estimated 31% of physicians and 54% of nurses experience professional burnout, at a cost of ~$4.6 billion annually, in part due to significant time burden, poor system resiliency, and process inefficiencies. Declared a national emergency by the U.S. Surgeon General’s Office – a staggering 76% of healthcare professionals re- ported exhaustion, burnout, and excessive work burden during the COVID-19 pandemic – burnout significantly affects care quality, medical error, occupational injury, workforce attrition, depression, and suicide contempla- tion. Work burden, personnel burnout, staff shortages, and strained resources are complex issues, deeply in- tertwined, and especially prevalent in practices serving disadvantaged populations, yet remain both signifi- cantly understudied, as a system, and increasingly common. The encouraging broad adoption of asynchronous care (patient portals, EHR email, text messaging) fortunately can significantly improve care and patient experi- ence, but also contribute significantly to time stresses, work-after-work, and burnout, further exacerbated by (and contributing to) staff shortages, inefficient processes, and non-resilient systems. It is not surprising that a National Academy of Medicine report (Taking Action Against Provider Burnout: A Sys- tems Approach) thus recommended greater use of systems engineering to optimize technology use workflows, reduce endemic inefficiencies, develop resilient processes, and apply complex adaptive systems ideas. This project directly responds to 4 of the 8 NAM report recommendations, uniquely incorporating systems science and systems engineering approaches to better understand and address the relative impacts of these issues by: (Aim 1) Understanding the nature, extent, issues, and exemplars of system resiliency, efficiency, and optimized workflows in asynchronous care processes; (Aim 2) Investigating relationships between work burden, system resiliency, inefficiency, and burnout and their impact on care quality and safety; and (Aim 3) Estimating the rel- ative impacts and generalizability to other settings of various types of interventions effective interventions. Notably, (1) analytic process simulation and system dynamics models will be integrated with other methods to help understand these issues, identify insights, estimate effect and relationship sizes, and evaluate potential interventions, and (2) system resiliency analysis and design methods will be applied to develop more robust adaptive processes – both hallmarks of systems engineering. This research will be conducted by a multidisci- plinary team of engineering, qualitative, and health service researchers working with 4 varied community health centers (in complexity, rurality, ethnicity) and validated through statewide CHC and primary care organizations for generalizability, since burnout affects some demographics more than others. Results will be evaluated through a combination of process, resiliency, burnout, and safety measures, with expected impacts including more efficient and resilient processes, reduced burden and burnout, and better care that, if scaled to 20% of primary care across the US, could benefit 209,000 practices serving 133 million patients.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } } ], "meta": { "pagination": { "page": 3, "pages": 1424, "count": 14236 } } }