Grant List
Represents Grant table in the DB
GET /v1/grants?page%5Bnumber%5D=3&sort=funder
{ "links": { "first": "https://cic-apps.datascience.columbia.edu/v1/grants?page%5Bnumber%5D=1&sort=funder", "last": "https://cic-apps.datascience.columbia.edu/v1/grants?page%5Bnumber%5D=1405&sort=funder", "next": "https://cic-apps.datascience.columbia.edu/v1/grants?page%5Bnumber%5D=4&sort=funder", "prev": "https://cic-apps.datascience.columbia.edu/v1/grants?page%5Bnumber%5D=2&sort=funder" }, "data": [ { "type": "Grant", "id": "4602", "attributes": { "award_id": "1441998", "title": "WORKSHOP: Doctoral Consortium at ASSETS 2014", "funder": { "id": 3, "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62", "name": "National Science Foundation", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "Computer and Information Science and Engineering (CISE)", "HCC-Human-Centered Computing" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 15878, "first_name": "Ephraim", "last_name": "Glinert", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2014-04-15", "end_date": "2015-03-31", "award_amount": 22872, "principal_investigator": { "id": 15879, "first_name": "Jinjuan", "last_name": "Feng", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [ { "id": 1312, "ror": "https://ror.org/044w7a341", "name": "Towson University", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "MD", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true } ] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 1312, "ror": "https://ror.org/044w7a341", "name": "Towson University", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "MD", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "This is funding to support a Doctoral Consortium (workshop) of approximately 10 promising graduate students from the United States and abroad (no more than 3 expected to be from outside the country), along with 5 distinguished research faculty. The event will take place on Sunday, October 19, immediately preceding and in conjunction with the 16th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS 2014), to be held Monday-Wednesday, October 20-22, in Rochester, NY. The ASSETS conferences are the premier forum for presenting innovative research on the design and use of both mainstream and specialized assistive technologies. This includes the use of technology by and in support of: individuals with hearing, sight and other sensory impairments; individuals with motor impairments; individuals with memory, learning and cognitive impairments; individuals with multiple impairments; older adults; and professionals who work with these populations. Researchers and developers from around the world in both academia and industry will meet to exchange ideas and present their latest work. More information about the conference may be found at http://www.sigaccess.org/assets14. \n\nA key component of building this community is through its youth. The ASSETS 2014 Doctoral Consortium will provide an opportunity for graduate students from diverse backgrounds (computing, engineering, psychology, architecture, etc.) to come together and explore their research interests in an interdisciplinary workshop, under the guidance of the PI and a panel of other distinguished experts in the field, so that they can appreciate the broader spectrum of research and development approaches to assistive technologies and universal usability, and also experience the community in which they can pursue their endeavors. Student participants will make formal presentations of their work during the consortium, and will receive constructive feedback from the faculty panel. The feedback is designed to help students understand and articulate how their work is positioned relative to related research, whether their topics are adequately focused for thesis research projects, whether their methods are correctly chosen and applied, and whether their results are appropriately analyzed and presented. Thus, the consortium will help shape ongoing and future research projects aimed at assistive technologies and universal access, will promote scholarship and networking among new researchers in this emerging interdisciplinary area, and will also expose these promising young researchers to a larger community. In an effort to further integrate Doctoral Consortium participants into the conference itself, a (poster) session has been set aside in the technical program to allow all Doctoral Consortium participants to present their research to the full conference. In addition, one student from the Doctoral Consortium will be selected to deliver the closing plenary presentation. An evaluation of the consortium will be conducted and the results made available to the organizers of future such events. \n\nThe Doctoral Consortium will help expand the participation of young researchers pursuing graduate studies in this field, by providing them an opportunity to gain wider exposure in the community for their innovative work and to obtain feedback and guidance from senior members of the research community. It will further help foster a sense of community among these young researchers, by allowing them to create a social network both among themselves and with senior researchers at a critical stage in their professional development. Because the students and faculty constitute a diverse group across a variety of dimensions, including nationality/cultural and scientific discipline, the students' horizons are broadened to the future benefit of the field. The organizers will take special steps to promote participation from institutions with relatively large numbers of students from under-represented groups; to further increase diversity, participation will be limited to at most one male and one female student from the same institution.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "4659", "attributes": { "award_id": "1427654", "title": "Center for Theoretical Biological Physics - Houston", "funder": { "id": 3, "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62", "name": "National Science Foundation", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "Mathematical and Physical Sciences (MPS)", "PHYSICS FRONTIER CENTER" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 16125, "first_name": "James", "last_name": "Shank", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2014-09-01", "end_date": "2022-02-28", "award_amount": 11750000, "principal_investigator": { "id": 16129, "first_name": "Jose", "last_name": "Onuchic", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [ { "id": 16126, "first_name": "Herbert", "last_name": "Levine", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, { "id": 16127, "first_name": "Peter", "last_name": "Wolynes", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, { "id": 16128, "first_name": "Mary C", "last_name": "Farach-Carson", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "awardee_organization": { "id": 357, "ror": "", "name": "William Marsh Rice University", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "TX", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "Theoretical physics has become increasingly important in understanding complex living systems and is positioned to play a key role in addressing phenomena and behavior on the cellular and multicellular level. Investigations on this scale can also lead to new fundamental theoretical physics principles and advances. This Physics Frontiers Centers (PFC) award to the Center for Theoretical Biological Physics - Houston (CTBP-H) will continue work begun during the past PFC awards at the interface of theoretical physics and biology. The CTBP-H will use information from biomolecules, self-organization in living and non-living material, and non-equilibrium statistical physics in order to create a theoretical biological physics framework for cells and multicellular units. Through interactions with local medical institutions the work can impact biomedicine. Investigations of the self-organization of small-scale matter can impact nanoscale technology and material design. The CTBP-H will continue to provide unique training and fostering of young scientists in biological physics. It will support postdoctoral, graduate, and summer undergraduate research, and also reach underrepresented groups at the University of Houston. In addition, the CTBP-H will act as a focal point of scientific community activities, hosting a visiting scholars program, running workshops, and coordinating student networks.\n\nThe CTBP-H will be working to find new fundamental principles and paradigms to understand the complex behavior of cells, as well as the coordination of cells into multicellular functional units. The major research activities include: advancing the understanding of gene-based information storage and utilization, developing theoretical frameworks for the mechanical aspects of eukaryotic cells, and combining these insights to study the self-organization of cells into multicellular biofilms and tissues. In collaboration with local medical centers they will apply their newfound insights from biological physics in biomedical contexts.\n\nThis Physics Frontiers Centers award is co-funded by the Physics Frontiers Centers Program in the Division of Physics, the Chemical Theory, Models and Computational Methods Program in the Division of Chemistry, and the Condensed Matter and Materials Theory Program in the Division of Materials Research within the Directorate of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, and by the Molecular Biophysics Program in the Division of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences within the Directorate for Biological Sciences.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "4471", "attributes": { "award_id": "1537379", "title": "Sampling Criteria for Monitoring Influenza Emergencies Under Constrained Testing Capabilities", "funder": { "id": 3, "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62", "name": "National Science Foundation", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "Engineering (ENG)", "OE Operations Engineering" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 15307, "first_name": "Georgia-Ann", "last_name": "Klutke", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2015-09-01", "end_date": "2020-08-31", "award_amount": 199646, "principal_investigator": { "id": 15310, "first_name": "Elise", "last_name": "deDoncker", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [ { "id": 962, "ror": "https://ror.org/04j198w64", "name": "Western Michigan University", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "MI", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true } ] }, "other_investigators": [ { "id": 15308, "first_name": "Diana", "last_name": "Prieto", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, { "id": 15309, "first_name": "Rajib", "last_name": "Paul", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "awardee_organization": { "id": 962, "ror": "https://ror.org/04j198w64", "name": "Western Michigan University", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "MI", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "Influenza viruses create emergencies almost every year, and existing surveillance systems are important for addressing uncertainty in the disease detection, monitoring and control. An essential tool for monitoring influenza activity is the trend of cases confirmed with an influenza virus type. Confirmed case trends are useful to estimate when the season starts and which viruses are circulating, as each flu virus targets different age groups and produces symptoms of different types and severity. During influenza emergencies, specimens from infected cases massively arrive at the testing laboratories, which leads to chaos and increased operational costs as the labs increase their capacity in response to the overwhelming testing demand. Moreover, confirmed case data produced under this chaotic environment is being used intently by decision makers and the research community. This award supports fundamental research to understand how conventional and non-conventional methods for specimen sampling minimize the publication delay and uncertainty in the daily number of influenza confirmed cases. The new findings and methods will not only improve sampling and testing practices, but will also guarantee quality of data to its users. The research promotes diversity, as female graduate students will be recruited for the project. In addition, the research promotes knowledge dissemination, as training materials will be prepared and delivered to public health policymakers, and graduate students in engineering and medicine.\n\nAnalysts use the reported trend of confirmed influenza cases to identify the epidemiological features of a circulating virus. However, there is uncertainty about the extent to which confirmed cases are representative of the properties of the virus. To address this concern, several methods have been suggested but they present significant limitations. For example, the methods require information that is hard to estimate, they do not consider constrained lab capacity, and they do not account for the uncertainty in the outbreak evolution and the specimen collection process. The research team will develop a Method for Operations during Disease Emergencies in the Lab (MODEL). MODEL is an algorithm for real-time sampling and Bayesian learning of epidemic parameters that accounts for the uncertainties in the course of the disease and in the specimen collection process. It is expected that MODEL features will contribute to the theory of dynamic sampling. Research efforts will also focus on a framework to evaluate any type of specimen sampling criteria during an influenza emergency. The results derived from the framework will contribute to the theory of management and surveillance of viral infectious diseases.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "10437", "attributes": { "award_id": "2204082", "title": "Collaborative Research: Transport of model-virus through the lung liquid lining", "funder": { "id": 3, "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62", "name": "National Science Foundation", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "Engineering (ENG)", "FD-Fluid Dynamics" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 573, "first_name": "Ron", "last_name": "Joslin", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": null, "keywords": "[]", "approved": true, "websites": "[]", "desired_collaboration": "", "comments": "", "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2022-04-01", "end_date": "2025-03-31", "award_amount": 214373, "principal_investigator": { "id": 26435, "first_name": "Juan M", "last_name": "Lopez", "orcid": null, "emails": "[email protected]", "private_emails": "", "keywords": "[]", "approved": true, "websites": "[]", "desired_collaboration": "", "comments": "", "affiliations": [ { "id": 147, "ror": "https://ror.org/03efmqc40", "name": "Arizona State University", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "AZ", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true } ] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 147, "ror": "https://ror.org/03efmqc40", "name": "Arizona State University", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "AZ", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "The novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic, is similar to other respiratory coronaviruses, such as SARS-CoV (2002) and MERS-CoV (2012). All these viruses cause dangerous respiratory disorders with high mortality and grave impacts on society. This virus destroys the cells that produce lung surfactants which, among other things, keep the alveoli air-sacks from collapsing, and eventually the lungs fill with liquid. The fluid dynamic interactions between the liquid lining of the lung, the lung surfactants, and the respiratory virus are presently not well understood. This project addresses this gap by conducting experiments and numerical modeling to capture the essential fluid dynamics of a model virus interacting with lung surfactant. The numerical models will then be used to simulate physiologically relevant scales, not accessible experimentally. In addition to understanding flow in the lung liquid lining, the present knowledge gap in predictive modeling of interfacial dilation and compression is hampering developments in other areas, such as in water waves, which are of utmost importance in modeling of carbon dioxide gas exchange between the atmosphere and the oceans.\n\nThe two primary functions of lung surfactants are regulating the interfacial tension and surface viscosities of the liquid lining of the alveoli, and providing a first line of immune defense against airborne pathogens. Predictive models for the transport of small particles in a surfactant-covered liquid layer will be developed. A key advancement in the proposed modeling of surface elasticity is to measure the equation-of-state of the monolayer in a state corresponding to that found when it has been subjected to a large number of dilation/compression cycles. The usual approach of determining properties of a recently spread monolayer undergoing slow compression is inappropriate for modeling monolayer hydrodynamics coupled to an oscillatory bulk flow, as the monolayer is in a different state with very different interfacial properties. The role of interfacial dilatational viscosity and its significance relative to surface elasticity remains poorly understood and presents a major impediment to the predictive modeling of free-surface flows. The PIs have a proven track record of productive multidisciplinary collaboration, and will continue to provide a unique educational opportunity for the graduate and undergraduate students.\n\nThis award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "4695", "attributes": { "award_id": "1464189", "title": "Enhancing Accessibility in the Geoscience: A Field-Based Workshop for Accommodating Students with Disabilities", "funder": { "id": 3, "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62", "name": "National Science Foundation", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "Geosciences (GEO)", "GEOSCIENCE EDUCATION" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 16281, "first_name": "Brandon", "last_name": "Jones", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2014-08-15", "end_date": "2017-03-31", "award_amount": 68729, "principal_investigator": { "id": 16282, "first_name": "Christopher", "last_name": "Atchison", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 215, "ror": "", "name": "University of Cincinnati Main Campus", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "OH", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "Participating in field-based learning experiences is a critically important activity during the preparation and training of future geoscientists, because it allows students to see complex Earth system processes at spatial and temporal scales that are difficult to emulate in laboratory or virtual environments. Participation in field-based activities can be particularly challenging, and in some cases insurmountable, for students with physical disabilities, thus creating significant barriers to the engagement and achievement of such students within geoscience education and career pathways. This project directly addresses the NSF and Directorate for Geosciences priority of recruitment of the future STEM workforce and broadening participation of students - including those with disabilities - in STEM disciplines generally and in the geosciences specifically. \n\nThis award is being used to convene a field-based workshop that will provide students with disabilities the opportunity to learn about the Earth in a natural setting, and for geoscience instructors to discover first-hand how to universally design their field courses to be fully inclusive of students with disabilities. There are two main objectives of this project: 1) conduct a completely accessible field workshop where students with disabilities and geoscience faculty work together to define the methods of inclusive field-based learning experiences while in the field; and 2) promote the workshop design, logistical planning, and research-based outcomes as a set of guidelines that will enable the broader geoscience education community to provide accessible field-based learning opportunities for students with disabilities on into the future. Prior research identifies three primary barriers as being: 1) Attitudinal (e.g., personal attitudes of staff, other students and the general public); 2) Organizational (e.g., course requirements, time constraints, institutional regulations); or, 3) Physical (e.g., site access, supporting materials). A group of 15 undergraduate students with disabilities and 15 faculty mentors will participate in the workshop, which is being held in conjunction with the 2014 annual conference of the Geological Society of America (GSA) in Vancouver, BC (October 19-22). Workshop student participants will be recruited from high school and non-declared college students, as well as veterans with acquired disabilities. The workshop will leverage the rich variety of \"sea to sky\" geological terranes offered by the Vancouver region, with a focus on natural hazards. An external evaluator conducting pre- and post-workshop assessments will collect data to inform the development of the guidelines, which will be disseminated broadly within the geosciences community in conjunction with the Instructional Approaches to Access, Accomodation, and Inclusion in the Geosciences workshop being offered at a variety of venues. This field workshop will serve to broaden both public and academic awareness of geoscience as an accessible field of study and a viable career option for all students, regardless of physical ability.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "4799", "attributes": { "award_id": "1140165", "title": "Collaborative Research: The SEED-PA. A Practical Instrument for Assessing Individual Ethics Initiatives", "funder": { "id": 3, "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62", "name": "National Science Foundation", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "Unknown", "TUES-Type 1 Project" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [], "start_date": "2012-04-15", "end_date": "2016-03-31", "award_amount": 35791, "principal_investigator": { "id": 16642, "first_name": "Trevor", "last_name": "Harding", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [ { "id": 678, "ror": "", "name": "California Polytechnic State University Foundation", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "CA", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true } ] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 678, "ror": "", "name": "California Polytechnic State University Foundation", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "CA", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "Engineering ethics is an important topic in engineering education. There is considerable interest in the engineering education community for an instrument that can be used in ethics education. This collaborative project addresses the need for such an instrument. The project team plans is building upon their current research-based SEED (Survey of Engineering Ethical Development) instrument which is grounded in theory and has been completed by 3,914 respondents at 19 partner institutions across the nation. The project has four goals: 1). Create a practical instrument for assessing individual ethics initiatives (SEED-PA); 2). Use the SEED-PA to conduct four separate studies addressing important research questions and demonstrating the utility, reliability, and validity of the instrument; 3). Develop the SEED-PA User's Guide to assist in research design, administration, data analysis, and results interpretation; 4). Broadly disseminate the online SEED-PA and the SEED-PA User's Guide.\n\nThis project is advancing discovery about assessing individual ethics initiatives and has the potential to transform undergraduate education in engineering ethics. The instrument developed can be used by engineering programs to address ABET learning outcomes on engineering ethics. The project includes a multifaceted dissemination plan with focused and broad dissemination mechanisms. The collaborating institutions span a range of institutional types with diverse student bodies. The studies are likely to yield results that are widely applicable.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "4610", "attributes": { "award_id": "1363138", "title": "Double Affine Hecke Algebras", "funder": { "id": 3, "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62", "name": "National Science Foundation", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "Mathematical and Physical Sciences (MPS)", "ALGEBRA,NUMBER THEORY,AND COM" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 15917, "first_name": "James Matthew", "last_name": "Douglass", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2014-06-01", "end_date": "2020-05-31", "award_amount": 525000, "principal_investigator": { "id": 15918, "first_name": "Ivan", "last_name": "Cherednik", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [ { "id": 166, "ror": "https://ror.org/0130frc33", "name": "University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "NC", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true } ] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 166, "ror": "https://ror.org/0130frc33", "name": "University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "NC", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "This project sits at the interface of the mathematical subfields of harmonic analysis, representation theory, and combinatorics. The project is expected to have applications to the classification of knots in three-dimensional space. It is also expected to have connections to theoretical physics. At the center of the project is a family of algebras, introduced by the PI in the middle 1990's, that have two actions by a symmetry group. These algebras are known as double affine Hecke algebras and they have found uses in several areas of mathematics, starting with their use in the proof of a conjecture of Ian Macdonald about the properties of certain orthogonal polynomials that arise from the study of symmetry.\n\nThe major themes of the proposed work are expected to be the following: (1) the theory of invariants of torus knots using the structure of double affine Hecke algebras (abbreviated DAHA), (2) a new theory of Rogers-Ramanujan identities based on nil-DAHA, (3) a surprising formula for the minimal number of creation operators in terms of non-symmetric Macdonald polynomials, and (4) the action of the absolute Galois group on the ramified covers of elliptic curves associated with perfect DAHA modules.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "4743", "attributes": { "award_id": "1263701", "title": "A Single Particle Imaging Approach for the Detection of Virus Phenotypes in a Mixture", "funder": { "id": 3, "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62", "name": "National Science Foundation", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "Engineering (ENG)", "BIOSENS-Biosensing" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [], "start_date": "2013-05-15", "end_date": "2017-08-31", "award_amount": 360453, "principal_investigator": { "id": 16445, "first_name": "Susan", "last_name": "Daniel", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 279, "ror": "https://ror.org/05bnh6r87", "name": "Cornell University", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "NY", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "1263701(Daniel). Technical part: The overall goal of the proposed research is to develop a single particle experimental platform for the identification and characterization of enveloped viruses based on their entry kinetics. This platform will integrate two key technologies: 1) single particle imaging of virus binding and viral-host membrane fusion of individual virion particles to a supported bilayer platform, and 2) statistical analysis of these individual events to discriminate populations based on variations in entry kinetic parameters. In this project, virus will serve as a model virus because it is one of the most studied viruses and thus the entry mechanism is well understood; its surface proteins are easily mutated and adapted to different cell types; it is well known that binding and fusion can vary among viral strains, e.g. H5 (avian) versus H3 (human) strains, and that these variations are correlated to infectivity. We propose that the rapid characterization of entry kinetics of virus samples from an infected person, made possible by the methods we employ here, can be used to determine which phenotypes the person (or a tissue sample) is infected with. In the case of influenza, this kind of rapid detection may be critical to promptly tracking the spread of virus during a pandemic outbreak or intentional release. In influenza, viral entry processes are controlled by the same protein, hemagglutinin (HA), which complicates decoupling binding from fusion in the overall entry kinetics. With current technology, it is only possible to assess separately, but not within the same virion, binding and fusion kinetics. This proposed platform discriminates between these processes within an individual virion, providing quantitative kinetic information on both processes that can then be used to identify phenotypes. Phenotype detection without PCR is currently a grand challenge in virus detection. Thus this is a potentially transformative technology that will aid in quickly discriminating among virus phenotypes in a mixed sample.\n\nNon-technical part: This proposal will develop better understanding of how influenza virus subtypes enter the cell during infection. This understanding is important and authors postulate that it may be used to discriminate more harmful from less harmful types of infleunza. This project will therefore have significant societal benefit down the road by helping develop better influenaza diagnostic tools.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "4667", "attributes": { "award_id": "1342251", "title": "Collaborative Research: Deglacial Ice Dynamics in the Weddell Sea Embayment using Sediment Provenance", "funder": { "id": 3, "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62", "name": "National Science Foundation", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "Geosciences (GEO)", "ANT Earth Sciences" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 16155, "first_name": "Michael E.", "last_name": "Jackson", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2014-09-01", "end_date": "2019-08-31", "award_amount": 197147, "principal_investigator": { "id": 16156, "first_name": "Kathy", "last_name": "Licht", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [ { "id": 221, "ror": "https://ror.org/01kg8sb98", "name": "Indiana University", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "IN", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true } ] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 221, "ror": "https://ror.org/01kg8sb98", "name": "Indiana University", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "IN", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "Abstract for the general public:\n\nThe margins of the Antarctic ice sheet have advanced and retreated repeatedly over the past few million years. Melting ice from the last retreat, from 19,000 to 9,000 years ago, raised sea levels by 8 meters or more, but the extents of previous retreats are less well known. The main goal of this project is to understand how Antarctic ice retreats: fast or slow, stepped or steady, and which parts of the ice sheet are most prone to retreat. Antarctica loses ice by two main processes: melting of the underside of floating ice shelves and calving of icebergs. Icebergs themselves are ephemeral, but they carry mineral grains and rock fragments that have been scoured from Antarctic bedrock. As the icebergs drift and melt, this ?iceberg-rafted debris? falls to the sea-bed and is steadily buried in marine sediments to form a record of iceberg activity and ice sheet retreat. The investigators will read this record of iceberg-rafted debris to find when and where Antarctic ice destabilized in the past. This information can help to predict how Antarctic ice will behave in a warming climate. \nThe study area is the Weddell Sea embayment, in the Atlantic sector of Antarctica. Principal sources of icebergs are the nearby Antarctic Peninsula and Weddell Sea embayment, where ice streams drain about a quarter of Antarctic ice. The provenance of the iceberg-rafted debris (IRD), and the icebergs that carried it, will be found by matching the geochemical fingerprint (such as characteristic argon isotope ages) of individual mineral grains in the IRD to that of the corresponding source area. In more detail, the project will: \n1. Define the geochemical fingerprints of the source areas of the glacially-eroded material using samples from each major ice stream entering the Weddell Sea. Existing data indicates that the hinterland of the Weddell embayment is made up of geochemically distinguishable source areas, making it possible to apply geochemical provenance techniques to determine the origin of Antarctica icebergs. Few samples of onshore tills are available from this area, so this project includes fieldwork to collect till to characterize detritus supplied by the Recovery and Foundation ice streams. \n2. Document the stratigraphic changes in provenance of iceberg-rafted debris (IRD) and glacially-eroded material in two deep water sediment cores in the NW Weddell Sea. Icebergs calved from ice streams in the embayment are carried by the Weddell Gyre and deposit IRD as they pass over the core sites. The provenance information identifies which groups of ice streams were actively eroding and exporting detritus to the ocean (via iceberg rafting and bottom currents), and the stratigraphy of the cores shows the relative sequence of ice stream activity through time. A further dimension is added by determining the time lag between fine sediment erosion and deposition, using a new method of uranium-series isotope measurements in fine grained material. \n\nTechnical abstract:\n\n The behavior of the Antarctic ice sheets and ice streams is a critical topic for climate change and future sea level rise. The goal of this proposal is to constrain ice sheet response to changing climate in the Weddell Sea during the three most recent glacial terminations, as analogues for potential future warming. The project will also examine possible contributions to Meltwater Pulse 1A, and test the relative stability of the ice streams draining East and West Antarctica. Much of the West Antarctic ice may have melted during the Eemian (130 to 114 Ka), so it may be an analogue for predicting future ice drawdown over the coming centuries. \nGeochemical provenance fingerprinting of glacially eroded detritus provides a novel way to reconstruct the location and relative timing of glacial retreat during these terminations in the Weddell Sea embayment. The two major objectives of the project are to: \n1. Define the provenance source areas by characterizing Ar, U-Pb, and Nd isotopic signatures, and heavy mineral and Fe-Ti oxide compositions of detrital minerals from each major ice stream entering the Weddell Sea, using onshore tills and existing sediment cores from the Ronne and Filchner Ice Shelves. Pilot data demonstrate that detritus originating from the east and west sides of the Weddell Sea embayment can be clearly distinguished, and published data indicates that the hinterland of the embayment is made up of geochemically distinguishable source areas. Few samples of onshore tills are available from this area, so this project includes fieldwork to collect till to characterize detritus supplied by the Recovery and Foundation ice streams. \n2. Document the stratigraphic changes in provenance of iceberg-rafted debris (IRD) and glacially-eroded material in two deep water sediment cores in the NW Weddell Sea. Icebergs calved from ice streams in the embayment are carried by the Weddell Gyre and deposit IRD as they pass over the core sites. The provenance information will identify which ice streams were actively eroding and exporting detritus to the ocean (via iceberg rafting and bottom currents). The stratigraphy of the cores will show the relative sequence of ice stream activity through time. A further time dimension is added by determining the time lag between fine sediment erosion and deposition, using U-series comminution ages.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "4463", "attributes": { "award_id": "1534554", "title": "Burning Effects On Savannah Environments", "funder": { "id": 3, "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62", "name": "National Science Foundation", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "Social, Behavioral, and Economic Sciences (SBE)", "Archaeology" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 15271, "first_name": "John", "last_name": "Yellen", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2015-08-01", "end_date": "2021-07-31", "award_amount": 179888, "principal_investigator": { "id": 15272, "first_name": "Kristen", "last_name": "Hawkes", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [ { "id": 202, "ror": "https://ror.org/03r0ha626", "name": "University of Utah", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "UT", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true } ] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 202, "ror": "https://ror.org/03r0ha626", "name": "University of Utah", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "UT", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "Dr. Kristen Hawkes of the University of Utah will undertake research to investigate the ways Hadza foragers living in northern Tanzania take advantage of burned landscapes in their exploitation of wild plants and animals. Fire use is increasingly recognized as an important component of hunting and gathering that affects foraging return rates and has shaped local environments world-wide, but the role of fire in subsistence activities by the Hadza and other African foragers has been understudied. Postdoctoral associate Dr. Christopher Parker will bring his experience measuring the immediate benefits and ecological consequences of hunter-gatherer fire use in the Western Desert of Australia to specify distinctive features of fire's effects in this African context. The project will expand his comparative expertise; and participating graduate students will learn and practice techniques of systematic behavioral observations and quantitative fire ecology that will serve their future careers. Recording information on fire use will contribute to the preservation of traditional Hadza knowledge, which is threatened by the increasing effects of globalization and will characterize human-environment interactions that can aid policy makers charged with managing fire's impact in similar ecological settings. \n\n\nDocumentation of Hadza expertise on fire use in their East African homeland will build the foundation for estimating and calibrating the nature and magnitude of fire's effect on foraging returns in African savannas in the deeper past. Enumerating these effects will allow estimates of the selective advantages that led earlier members of our lineage to controlled fire use and will help identify the pathways by which the distinctively human dependence on fire and cooking evolved. This research will fill a gap in knowledge by quantifying the benefits of burns with the guidance of people who are intimately knowledgeable about local ecology. The research will identify which aspects of foraging are most and least affected by burns in this equatorial savanna and which resource types see the most significant changes in profitability when altered by fire. Results will be the basis for characterizing the likely role of fire-induced ecological alteration on foraging opportunities in ancient sub-Saharan Africa and improve hypotheses about the effects of those alterations on the emergence of our genus.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } } ], "meta": { "pagination": { "page": 3, "pages": 1405, "count": 14046 } } }