Represents Grant table in the DB

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    "data": [
        {
            "type": "Grant",
            "id": "4446",
            "attributes": {
                "award_id": "NNX15AL42G",
                "title": "THE OBJECTIVES OF OUR PROPOSED WORK ARE,  I. TO DERIVE SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL VARIATIONS OF TITAN''S SURFACE TEMPERATURE BY ANALYSIS OF THE MOON''S OUTGOING RADIANCE AROUND 19 M (530 CM 1); (II) TO COMPARE THE RESULTS TO PREDICTIONS FROM AN ATMOSPHERIC GENE",
                "funder": {
                    "id": 3,
                    "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62",
                    "name": "National Science Foundation",
                    "approved": true
                },
                "funder_divisions": [],
                "program_reference_codes": [],
                "program_officials": [],
                "start_date": "2015-05-26",
                "end_date": "2017-05-25",
                "award_amount": 0,
                "principal_investigator": {
                    "id": 15205,
                    "first_name": "VALERIA",
                    "last_name": "COTTINI",
                    "orcid": null,
                    "emails": "",
                    "private_emails": "",
                    "keywords": null,
                    "approved": true,
                    "websites": null,
                    "desired_collaboration": null,
                    "comments": null,
                    "affiliations": []
                },
                "other_investigators": [],
                "awardee_organization": null,
                "abstract": "THE OBJECTIVES OF OUR PROPOSED WORK ARE,  I. TO DERIVE SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL VARIATIONS OF TITAN''S SURFACE TEMPERATURE BY ANALYSIS OF THE MOON''S OUTGOING RADIANCE AROUND 19 M (530 CM 1); (II) TO COMPARE THE RESULTS TO PREDICTIONS FROM AN ATMOSPHERIC GENE",
                "keywords": [],
                "approved": true
            }
        },
        {
            "type": "Grant",
            "id": "9536",
            "attributes": {
                "award_id": "2030139",
                "title": "Compounding Crises: Facing Hurricane Season in the Era of COVID-19",
                "funder": null,
                "funder_divisions": [],
                "program_reference_codes": [
                    "CK090",
                    "RND123"
                ],
                "program_officials": [],
                "start_date": null,
                "end_date": null,
                "award_amount": 199890,
                "principal_investigator": null,
                "other_investigators": [],
                "awardee_organization": null,
                "abstract": "Test",
                "keywords": [
                    "covid",
                    "research"
                ],
                "approved": true
            }
        },
        {
            "type": "Grant",
            "id": "9280",
            "attributes": {
                "award_id": "75N91020C00035-0-9999-1",
                "title": "DIGITAL HEALTH SOLUTIONS FOR COVID-19: CLEAR2GO",
                "funder": {
                    "id": 4,
                    "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88",
                    "name": "National Institutes of Health",
                    "approved": true
                },
                "funder_divisions": [
                    "National Cancer Institute (NCI)"
                ],
                "program_reference_codes": [],
                "program_officials": [],
                "start_date": "2020-09-14",
                "end_date": "2020-11-27",
                "award_amount": 274880,
                "principal_investigator": {
                    "id": 25020,
                    "first_name": "ADARBAD",
                    "last_name": "MASTER",
                    "orcid": null,
                    "emails": "",
                    "private_emails": "",
                    "keywords": null,
                    "approved": true,
                    "websites": null,
                    "desired_collaboration": null,
                    "comments": null,
                    "affiliations": [
                        {
                            "id": 1816,
                            "ror": "",
                            "name": "ICRYPTO, INC.",
                            "address": "",
                            "city": "",
                            "state": "CA",
                            "zip": "",
                            "country": "United States",
                            "approved": true
                        }
                    ]
                },
                "other_investigators": [],
                "awardee_organization": null,
                "abstract": "The goal of this project is to develop a smartphone-based platform to provide irrefutable proof of testing, serologic, and vaccination status for individuals.  The customized solution, called Clear2Go (C2G), maps a person’s vetted identity and biometrics to their phone and then cryptographically binds it with their COVID-19 test results or other personal health information.  C2G is intended to provide individuals, employers, government agencies, and other organizations with a convenient solution to evaluate the risks associated with an individual’s return to normal work, travel, and public life activities.  The aims of this project include creating the C2G solution, demonstrating that C2G can be integrated with the publicly available interface of a test laboratory portal, and conveying simulated COVID-19 test results into the C2G application.  Data collected under this project will be deidentified and securely transmitted to an NIH data hub.",
                "keywords": [
                    "Binding",
                    "Biometry",
                    "COVID-19",
                    "Cellular Phone",
                    "Custom",
                    "Data",
                    "Goals",
                    "Government Agencies",
                    "Health",
                    "Individual",
                    "Laboratories",
                    "Life",
                    "Maps",
                    "Persons",
                    "Risk",
                    "Secure",
                    "Serological",
                    "Telephone",
                    "Test Result",
                    "Testing",
                    "Travel",
                    "United States National Institutes of Health",
                    "Vaccination",
                    "Work",
                    "base",
                    "cryptography",
                    "data hub",
                    "digital"
                ],
                "approved": true
            }
        },
        {
            "type": "Grant",
            "id": "11681",
            "attributes": {
                "award_id": "1U01DA057849-01",
                "title": "Supported employment to create a community culture of SARS-CoV-2 rapid testing among people who inject drugs: PeerConnect2Test",
                "funder": {
                    "id": 4,
                    "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88",
                    "name": "National Institutes of Health",
                    "approved": true
                },
                "funder_divisions": [],
                "program_reference_codes": [],
                "program_officials": [],
                "start_date": null,
                "end_date": null,
                "award_amount": null,
                "principal_investigator": {
                    "id": 26966,
                    "first_name": "Camille C",
                    "last_name": "Cioffi",
                    "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2424-7473",
                    "emails": "[email protected]",
                    "private_emails": null,
                    "keywords": "[]",
                    "approved": true,
                    "websites": "['psi.uoregon.edu']",
                    "desired_collaboration": "",
                    "comments": "",
                    "affiliations": []
                },
                "other_investigators": [],
                "awardee_organization": null,
                "abstract": "",
                "keywords": [],
                "approved": true
            }
        },
        {
            "type": "Grant",
            "id": "9455",
            "attributes": {
                "award_id": "75N92019P00328-P00007-0-1",
                "title": "THE PURPOSE OF THIS MODIFICATION IS TO EXTEND LINE ITEM 1005 TO 1/31/21 FOR CONTINUING ENTREPRENEURIAL SERVICES FOR THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC.",
                "funder": {
                    "id": 4,
                    "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88",
                    "name": "National Institutes of Health",
                    "approved": true
                },
                "funder_divisions": [
                    "National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB)"
                ],
                "program_reference_codes": [],
                "program_officials": [],
                "start_date": "2019-08-16",
                "end_date": "2021-08-15",
                "award_amount": 3000026,
                "principal_investigator": {
                    "id": 23963,
                    "first_name": "ELIAS",
                    "last_name": "CARO",
                    "orcid": null,
                    "emails": "",
                    "private_emails": "",
                    "keywords": null,
                    "approved": true,
                    "websites": null,
                    "desired_collaboration": null,
                    "comments": null,
                    "affiliations": []
                },
                "other_investigators": [],
                "awardee_organization": null,
                "abstract": "The National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB) has an open solicitation for proposals to provide up to $500 million across multiple projects to rapidly produce innovative SARS-CoV-2 diagnostic tests that will assist the public’s safe return to normal activities. Rapid Acceleration of Diagnostics (RADx), is a fast-track technology development program that leverages the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Point-of-Care Technology Research Network (POCTRN). RADx will support novel solutions that build the U.S. capacity for SARS-CoV-2 testing up to 100-fold above what is achievable with standard approaches. RADx is structured to deliver innovative testing strategies to the public as soon as late summer 2020 and is an accelerated and comprehensive multi-pronged effort by NIH to make SARS-CoV-2 testing readily available to every American.",
                "keywords": [
                    "American",
                    "COVID-19",
                    "COVID-19 detection",
                    "COVID-19 diagnostic",
                    "COVID-19 pandemic",
                    "COVID-19 testing",
                    "Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)",
                    "Clinical",
                    "Contracts",
                    "Department of Defense",
                    "Development",
                    "Device Designs",
                    "Diagnostic tests",
                    "Ensure",
                    "Exhalation",
                    "Funding",
                    "Goals",
                    "Home",
                    "Improve Access",
                    "Laboratories",
                    "Life Cycle Stages",
                    "Modification",
                    "National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering",
                    "Patients",
                    "Performance",
                    "Point of Care Technology",
                    "Privatization",
                    "Program Development",
                    "RADx",
                    "Readiness",
                    "Research",
                    "Saliva",
                    "Sampling",
                    "Seasons",
                    "Sensitivity and Specificity",
                    "Services",
                    "Speed",
                    "Structure",
                    "Technology",
                    "Test Result",
                    "Testing",
                    "Time",
                    "TimeLine",
                    "United States National Institutes of Health",
                    "Validation",
                    "Virus",
                    "base",
                    "commercialization",
                    "cost",
                    "design",
                    "detection limit",
                    "flu",
                    "handheld mobile device",
                    "home test",
                    "improved",
                    "innovation",
                    "meetings",
                    "novel",
                    "point of care",
                    "product development",
                    "programs",
                    "scale up",
                    "technology development",
                    "user-friendly"
                ],
                "approved": true
            }
        },
        {
            "type": "Grant",
            "id": "9142",
            "attributes": {
                "award_id": "75N93020C00022-0-9999-1",
                "title": "DEVELOPMENT OF FERRET REAGENTS FOR USE IN THE CHARACTERIZATION OF IMMUNE RESPONSES TO RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS IN THE FERRET MODEL.",
                "funder": {
                    "id": 4,
                    "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88",
                    "name": "National Institutes of Health",
                    "approved": true
                },
                "funder_divisions": [
                    "National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)"
                ],
                "program_reference_codes": [],
                "program_officials": [],
                "start_date": "2020-07-01",
                "end_date": "2022-06-30",
                "award_amount": 572817,
                "principal_investigator": {
                    "id": 24917,
                    "first_name": "TORI",
                    "last_name": "RACE",
                    "orcid": null,
                    "emails": "",
                    "private_emails": "",
                    "keywords": null,
                    "approved": true,
                    "websites": null,
                    "desired_collaboration": null,
                    "comments": null,
                    "affiliations": []
                },
                "other_investigators": [],
                "awardee_organization": null,
                "abstract": "Ferrets represent excellent models of human respiratory viruses such as influenza A virus, SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. The goal of this proposal is to generate antibodies for analyzing immune cells and cytokine responses during respiratory infections in ferrets. The main focuses are immune cell markers and cytokines produced by these cells during immune responses. The contractor plans to use standard hybridoma techniques to generated monoclonal antibodies will then undergo extensive immunological characterization using various methods to show the specificity to recombinant immunogens as well as selected ferret samples.",
                "keywords": [
                    "Antibodies",
                    "Antigens",
                    "Cells",
                    "Contractor",
                    "Ferrets",
                    "Generations",
                    "Goals",
                    "Hybridomas",
                    "Immune",
                    "Immune response",
                    "Immunization",
                    "Immunologics",
                    "Influenza A virus",
                    "Methods",
                    "Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus",
                    "Modeling",
                    "Monoclonal Antibodies",
                    "Mus",
                    "Proteins",
                    "Reagent",
                    "Recombinants",
                    "Respiratory Tract Infections",
                    "SARS coronavirus",
                    "Sampling",
                    "Specificity",
                    "Techniques",
                    "Validation",
                    "cytokine",
                    "human model",
                    "respiratory virus",
                    "response"
                ],
                "approved": true
            }
        },
        {
            "type": "Grant",
            "id": "4877",
            "attributes": {
                "award_id": "NNX11AG68G",
                "title": "The U.S. Antarctic Meteorite Program has been one of the most successful endeavors in the history of meteoritics and planetary science. Through the 2009-2010 field season, -19,700 meteorites have been recovered. These meteorites have produced fundamental",
                "funder": {
                    "id": 3,
                    "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62",
                    "name": "National Science Foundation",
                    "approved": true
                },
                "funder_divisions": [],
                "program_reference_codes": [],
                "program_officials": [],
                "start_date": "2011-01-03",
                "end_date": "2017-06-30",
                "award_amount": 0,
                "principal_investigator": {
                    "id": 16929,
                    "first_name": "CATHERINE",
                    "last_name": "CORRIGAN",
                    "orcid": null,
                    "emails": "",
                    "private_emails": "",
                    "keywords": null,
                    "approved": true,
                    "websites": null,
                    "desired_collaboration": null,
                    "comments": null,
                    "affiliations": []
                },
                "other_investigators": [],
                "awardee_organization": null,
                "abstract": "The U.S. Antarctic Meteorite Program has been one of the most successful endeavors in the history of meteoritics and planetary science. Through the 2009-2010 field season, -19,700 meteorites have been recovered. These meteorites have produced fundamental",
                "keywords": [],
                "approved": true
            }
        },
        {
            "type": "Grant",
            "id": "8070",
            "attributes": {
                "award_id": "75N92021P00061-0-0-1",
                "title": "EXERCISE OPTION PERIOD 2 TO PROVIDE SERVICES IN SUPPORT OF NIBIB COVID-19 RADX PROJECT FOR THE PERIOD 10/16/2021 - 01/31/2022",
                "funder": {
                    "id": 4,
                    "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88",
                    "name": "National Institutes of Health",
                    "approved": true
                },
                "funder_divisions": [
                    "National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB)",
                    "NIH Office of the Director"
                ],
                "program_reference_codes": [],
                "program_officials": [],
                "start_date": "2021-02-01",
                "end_date": "2021-05-31",
                "award_amount": 14871886,
                "principal_investigator": {
                    "id": 23963,
                    "first_name": "ELIAS",
                    "last_name": "CARO",
                    "orcid": null,
                    "emails": "",
                    "private_emails": "",
                    "keywords": null,
                    "approved": true,
                    "websites": null,
                    "desired_collaboration": null,
                    "comments": null,
                    "affiliations": []
                },
                "other_investigators": [],
                "awardee_organization": null,
                "abstract": "The National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB) has an open solicitation for proposals to provide up to $500 million across multiple projects to rapidly produce innovative SARS-CoV-2 diagnostic tests that will assist the public’s safe return to normal activities. Rapid Acceleration of Diagnostics (RADx), is a fast-track technology development program that leverages the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Point-of-Care Technology Research Network (POCTRN). RADx will support novel solutions that build the U.S. capacity for SARS-CoV-2 testing up to 100-fold above what is achievable with standard approaches. RADx is structured to deliver innovative testing strategies to the public as soon as late summer 2020 and is an accelerated and comprehensive multi-pronged effort by NIH to make SARS-CoV-2 testing readily available to every American.",
                "keywords": [
                    "American",
                    "COVID-19",
                    "COVID-19 detection",
                    "COVID-19 diagnostic",
                    "COVID-19 testing",
                    "Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)",
                    "Clinical",
                    "Contracts",
                    "Department of Defense",
                    "Development",
                    "Device Designs",
                    "Diagnostic tests",
                    "Ensure",
                    "Exercise",
                    "Exhalation",
                    "Funding",
                    "Goals",
                    "Home",
                    "Improve Access",
                    "Laboratories",
                    "Life Cycle Stages",
                    "Modification",
                    "National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering",
                    "Patients",
                    "Performance",
                    "Point of Care Technology",
                    "Privatization",
                    "Program Development",
                    "RADx",
                    "Readiness",
                    "Research",
                    "Saliva",
                    "Sampling",
                    "Seasons",
                    "Sensitivity and Specificity",
                    "Services",
                    "Speed",
                    "Structure",
                    "Technology",
                    "Test Result",
                    "Testing",
                    "Time",
                    "TimeLine",
                    "United States National Institutes of Health",
                    "Validation",
                    "Virus",
                    "base",
                    "commercialization",
                    "cost",
                    "design",
                    "detection limit",
                    "flu",
                    "handheld mobile device",
                    "home test",
                    "improved",
                    "innovation",
                    "meetings",
                    "novel",
                    "point of care",
                    "product development",
                    "programs",
                    "scale up",
                    "technology development",
                    "user-friendly"
                ],
                "approved": true
            }
        },
        {
            "type": "Grant",
            "id": "8097",
            "attributes": {
                "award_id": "75N92021C00003-P00002-9999-1",
                "title": "RAPID ACCELERATION OF DIAGNOSTICS (RADX) TECH PROJECT #6139: REVOGENE SARS-COV-2 ASSAY",
                "funder": {
                    "id": 4,
                    "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88",
                    "name": "National Institutes of Health",
                    "approved": true
                },
                "funder_divisions": [
                    "National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB)"
                ],
                "program_reference_codes": [],
                "program_officials": [],
                "start_date": "2021-02-01",
                "end_date": "2023-01-31",
                "award_amount": 2500000,
                "principal_investigator": {
                    "id": 23980,
                    "first_name": "TODD",
                    "last_name": "WOODRICH",
                    "orcid": null,
                    "emails": "",
                    "private_emails": "",
                    "keywords": null,
                    "approved": true,
                    "websites": null,
                    "desired_collaboration": null,
                    "comments": null,
                    "affiliations": []
                },
                "other_investigators": [],
                "awardee_organization": null,
                "abstract": "Resubmission of Application 3136.   This product concept has been updated to include Flu viral targets along with SARS-CoV-2.  The Rapid Acute Respiratory Panel assay will be a molecular IVD assay practiced on an already deployed automated Revogene instrument which currently has 4 infectious disease FDA cleared assays. The intended use will be to detect the Flu A, Flu B and SARS-CoV-2 viruses from nasopharyngeal specimens collected from symptomatic patients suspected of viral infection. This will be a multiplexed viral panel for the differentiation of Flu from SARS-CoV-2 patients which will be of high clinical value in our upcoming Flu season 2020-2021. We plan to launch this assay with EUA status by October 2020.  The assay will detect RNA sequences for these viral targets using PCR amplification technology coupled with real-time flourescence detection similar to our FDA cleared assays. The workflow is automated where the user will need to add the specimen to the assay consumable prior to loading on the instrument. The Revogene platform contains the necessary software to run the assay and report out positive/negative results. This assay is of very low complexity to practice with no precision pipetting steps and is eligible for CLIA waiver status. We currently have an installment base of instruments in the field where this assay will be practiced. For this product concept, we will need your assistance in discussing this concept with the FDA to allow us to gain EUA and CLIA waiver status especially for the Flu A/B targets in the panel.",
                "keywords": [
                    "2019-nCoV",
                    "Acute",
                    "Biological Assay",
                    "COVID-19 assay",
                    "COVID-19 patient",
                    "Clinical",
                    "Communicable Diseases",
                    "Computer software",
                    "Coupled",
                    "Detection",
                    "Molecular",
                    "Patients",
                    "RADx Tech",
                    "RNA Sequences",
                    "Reporting",
                    "Running",
                    "Seasons",
                    "Specimen",
                    "Technology",
                    "Time",
                    "Update",
                    "Viral",
                    "Virus",
                    "Virus Diseases",
                    "base",
                    "betacoronavirus",
                    "flu",
                    "instrument",
                    "respiratory",
                    "waiver"
                ],
                "approved": true
            }
        },
        {
            "type": "Grant",
            "id": "7665",
            "attributes": {
                "award_id": "1ZIAAT000030-06",
                "title": "Neural and psychological mechanisms of pain perception",
                "funder": {
                    "id": 4,
                    "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88",
                    "name": "National Institutes of Health",
                    "approved": true
                },
                "funder_divisions": [
                    "National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (NCCIH)"
                ],
                "program_reference_codes": [],
                "program_officials": [],
                "start_date": null,
                "end_date": null,
                "award_amount": 179571,
                "principal_investigator": {
                    "id": 23472,
                    "first_name": "Lauren",
                    "last_name": "Atlas",
                    "orcid": null,
                    "emails": "",
                    "private_emails": "",
                    "keywords": null,
                    "approved": true,
                    "websites": null,
                    "desired_collaboration": null,
                    "comments": null,
                    "affiliations": []
                },
                "other_investigators": [],
                "awardee_organization": null,
                "abstract": "This was the sixth year of the Section on Affective Neuroscience and Pain, and the lab continued to grow and see former fellows move on to exciting new positions. Three new fellows (one postdoc, two postbacs) joined the lab in 2020, and one postbac began a Neuroscience PhD program at UCLA.  We continued to make progress on our human subjects protocol \"Neural and psychological mechanisms of pain perception.\" The protocol includes five sub-studies designed to a) isolate different aspects of pain modulation, b) compare acute pain modalities (e.g., thermal pain versus shock-induced pain), and c) compare and contrast pain with other hedonic and perceptual domains (e.g., taste). In all studies, we measure decisions about pain experience (self-report) as well as neural and physiological responses to noxious stimuli that cause pain. During analysis, we combine computational modeling with advanced neuroimaging analyses to isolate the neural and psychological mechanisms that mediate the effects of expectations, attention, and emotion on subjective pain.  Our protocol requires all participants to go through an initial calibration session, following screening. Participants complete questionnaires, and then undergo a procedure that measures pain ratings in response to noxious heat stimuli and determines each participants pain threshold and tolerance. 338 individuals completed this procedure to date (11 participants during Year 6 of the protocol, FY19-20, in addition than those who completed the procedure as part of the NCCIH screening protocol, 16-AT-0077).   We published one manuscript using data from this protocol in the past fiscal year (Rahnev et al., 2020, Nature Human Behavior) and submitted two additional manuscripts (Dildine, Necka, Atlas, Under review). Two of these papers focus on data from a subset of participants who provided confidence ratings during the pain calibration procedure. These data were included in a Confidence Database (Rahnev et al., 2020) to provide for cross modal comparisons of confidence in perceptual processes. We also analyzed the association between confidence in pain ratings and implicit behavioral measures during the pain rating process, namely eye tracking and reaction time. For the first time, we demonstrated that individuals can provide meta-cognitive judgments about their subjective pain, and that confidence is predicted by reaction time during pain rating. In future work, we will draw on these findings to measure the associations between expectations, uncertainty, and pain. We hypothesize that placebos might decrease pain but increase uncertainty. This paper (Dildine, Necka, and Atlas, Under review) is currently under review and we anticipate publication in FY21. A third paper (Mischkowski et al., Under revision) measures the association between dispositional mindfulness and pain during the calibration procedure. We found that individuals who report higher levels of mindfulness report less pain in post-task questionnaires, but show no difference in pain ratings collected during or immediately after noxious stimulation.   We have completed data collection for two fMRI sub-studies in previous years and are currently preparing manuscripts for submission. In January 2020 we completed fMRI data collection from our third fMRI sub-study, which measures the relationship between pain and pleasant and unpleasant taste perception and how expectations modulate perception across domains (Lee et al., In progress). This study measures how predictive cues modulate pain, sugar perception, and salt perception. This study involves two visits: one outside the scanner to identify each subjects threshold and tolerance, and one inside the scanner in which participants are randomized to receive sugar, salt, or heat in a conditioning paradigm. This project was led by a postdoc in the Section, Dr. In-Seon Lee, until she began her faculty position in Korea in September 2019. Data collection for the remaining participants was completed in January 2020 by our data analyst and a postbac in the lab. 60 participants completed the fMRI study (20 per group) and we found significant cue-based expectancy effects on perceived intensity across groups, irrespective of modality. However cue effects on subjective valence were less robust and varied across modalities. We have begun pre-registered fMRI analyses aimed at isolating domain-specific as well as domain-general mechanisms that underlie expectancy, affective learning, and perception. We anticipate that the manuscript for this study will be submitted in FY21.  Obviously the need to halt healthy volunteer research due to the COVID19 pandemic was a set-back for data collection progress on this protocol. However, we successfully shifted gears to focus on data analysis, as well as other experiments that involve online data collection. In addition to the study-specific analyses mentioned above, we also focused on new analyses relating data across sub-studies. First, we have looked at the reliability of our pain calibration procedure, to determine whether individuals report stable pain thresholds and tolerance across sessions. Although correlations are high, the intraclass correlation values to evaluate test-retest reliability of calibration measures are fair, suggesting that it is important for us to continue to calibrate individuals on each visit, and that pain sensitivity varies substantially within individuals. Preliminary analyses suggest that there are no consistent sex differences in reliability, therefore hormonal status is not a likely cause of fluctuations in sensitivity (further indicating that female participants should be included in all studies). We are currently measuring whether reliability varies as a function of the duration between visits, and whether the context (MRI scanner or behavioral experiment) alters sensitivity. We have also analyzed skin conductance data from all sub-studies using different analytic methods, and are comparing approaches to determine the best way to measure heat-evoked autonomic arousal. We expect both of these analysis projects to lead to independent publications to be submitted in early FY21.   Fortunately we have received approval to resume healthy volunteer research. We plan to start with the sub-study designed to measure the relationship between attention and perception, and to resume piloting our follow up experiment comparing pain and taste perception with high resolution 7-tesla MRI. These projects will be led by a new postdoc in the lab and by the data analyst.   In addition to the projects mentioned above, we published several collaborative papers, reviews, and commentaries that are relevant to this line of research including one paper on brain-body relationships and pain specificity (Lee et al., 2020), one paper on opioid analgesia (Leknes and Atlas 2020), and three collaborative papers on pain and placebo analgesia (Zheng et al., 2019; Geuter et al., 2020; Evers et al, In press).",
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