Grant List
Represents Grant table in the DB
GET /v1/grants?page%5Bnumber%5D=2&sort=-principal_investigator
{ "links": { "first": "https://cic-apps.datascience.columbia.edu/v1/grants?page%5Bnumber%5D=1&sort=-principal_investigator", "last": "https://cic-apps.datascience.columbia.edu/v1/grants?page%5Bnumber%5D=1405&sort=-principal_investigator", "next": "https://cic-apps.datascience.columbia.edu/v1/grants?page%5Bnumber%5D=3&sort=-principal_investigator", "prev": "https://cic-apps.datascience.columbia.edu/v1/grants?page%5Bnumber%5D=1&sort=-principal_investigator" }, "data": [ { "type": "Grant", "id": "15792", "attributes": { "award_id": "1R21AI193885-01", "title": "UTS-1401 as a Medical Countermeasure to H-ARS Consequent to a Radiation Mass Casualty", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "NIH Office of the Director" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 32879, "first_name": "LANYN P", "last_name": "TALIAFERRO", "orcid": "", "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2025-08-18", "end_date": "2027-07-31", "award_amount": 157000, "principal_investigator": { "id": 32877, "first_name": "Stephen L", "last_name": "Brown", "orcid": "", "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [ { "id": 32878, "first_name": "FREDERICK Augustus", "last_name": "VALERIOTE", "orcid": "", "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "awardee_organization": { "id": 2633, "ror": "", "name": "HENRY FORD HEALTH + MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "MI", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "Abstract: Our long term objective is to develop a new class of radiation mitigating agents with attractive chemical, physical and biological characteristics required to be an effective drug that can be distributed widely. We have identified a small molecule, UTS-1401 [5-(methylthiomethyl) isoxazole-3-carboxylic acid] which demonstrates mitigation of hematopoietic stem cell death when administered at either 24h or 48h following whole body irradiation (WBI). Using the endogenous spleen colony assay, we demonstrated a mitigating effect in that the colony number with and without UTS-1401 was 3.5 ± 0.4 for a 24h interval and 2.3 ± 0.5 for a 48h interval. We have recently demonstrated a significant radioprotection for both mouse survival and hematopoietic stem cells for this compound when administered up to 72h before irradiation (Valeriote et al, Radiation Research, 202:16- 25, 2024). In this application, we propose to further examine solely the mitigating effect on the hematopoietic acute radiation syndrome (H-ARS) using survival as the endpoint in specific aim 1. Groups of Swiss mice will receive a series of graded doses of WBI (in 0.5 Gy increments) around the LD50 for this syndrome (approximately 7.5 Gy in females and 8.5 Gy in males) with and without the administration of 150 mg/kg UTS-1401. The single dose of UTS-1401 being used in all studies is the highest dose administrable due to its aqueous solubility (in tartrate buffered saline). The radiation mitigation factors will be calculated as the ratio of the LD50 for radiation plus UTS-1401 versus that for radiation alone. The degree of mitigation will be examined at 24, 48 and 72 h following WBI to determine the radiation mitigation fraction as a function of time after radiation exposure. Three routes of drug delivery, intravenous (iv), oral, and subcutaneous (sc), will be examined and compared. Radiation will be delivered by 16 MeV electrons from a Linac. In specific aim 2, we will examine the pharmacokinetics (PK) for 150 mg/kg UTS-1401 comparing the iv, oral, and sc routes to obtain a determination of both the drug kinetics and bioavailability. The AUC values will be correlated with the extent of mitigation. For both specific aims, both male and female mice will be separately studied. The results from these studies are expected to demonstrate an effective first-in-class compound, UTS-1401, which has a small molecular weight, is chemically stable, nontoxic, aqueous soluble and inexpensive with H-ARS radiation mitigating properties which extend for a number of days following WBI. The mechanism studies (not proposed here) are expected to demonstrate UTS- 1401 as a new class of agents for mitigating the cytokine storm consequent to the irradiation.", "keywords": [ "Accidents", "Acute", "Address", "Animal Model", "Animals", "Biologic Characteristic", "Biological", "Biological Assay", "Biological Availability", "Biotechnology", "Blood", "Bone Marrow", "Buffers", "Carboxylic Acids", "Cell Death", "Cells", "Chemicals", "Chernobyl Nuclear Accident", "China", "Clinical", "Conflict (Psychology)", "Cyclic GMP", "Data", "Development", "Dose", "Drug Delivery Systems", "Drug Kinetics", "Drug Stability", "Electromagnetics", "Electrons", "Employee", "Equipment and supply inventories", "Exposure to", "FDA approved", "Federal Government", "Female", "Fibrosis", "Follow-Up Studies", "Formulation", "Fukushima", "Geographic Distribution", "Goals", "Growth Factor", "Hematopoietic", "Hematopoietic System", "Hematopoietic stem cells", "Hospitals", "Individual", "Industry", "Inflammation", "Inflammatory", "Injury", "International", "Intervention", "Intravenous", "Ionizing radiation", "Iran", "Isoxazoles", "Israel", "Korea", "Lethal Dose 50", "Location", "Molecular Weight", "Mus", "North Korea", "Nuclear", "Nuclear Accidents", "Nuclear Weapon", "Oral", "Oral Administration", "Organ", "Pharmaceutical Preparations", "Pharmacologic Substance", "Pharmacology and Toxicology", "Phase", "Phase I Clinical Trials", "Physiologic pulse", "Procedures", "Process", "Property", "Radiation", "Radiation Accidents", "Radiation Protection", "Radiation Toxicity", "Radiation exposure", "Refrigeration", "Research", "Rotation", "Route", "Russia", "Saline", "Schedule", "Series", "Solubility", "South Korea", "Spleen", "Swiss Mice", "Syndrome", "System", "Taiwan", "Tartrates", "Temperature", "Terrorism", "Time", "Tissues", "Ukraine", "United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration", "Vomiting", "War", "Whole-Body Irradiation", "Work", "aqueous", "chemical stability", "cost effective", "cytokine", "cytokine release syndrome", "design", "drug development", "efficacy study", "expiration", "irradiation", "male", "manufacture", "mass casualty", "medical countermeasure", "novel", "product development", "radiation countermeasure", "radiation mitigation", "radiation response", "radioprotected", "research study", "safety study", "scale up", "small molecule", "subcutaneous", "success" ], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "15791", "attributes": { "award_id": "1R21AI186055-01A1", "title": "UTS-1401: A Novel Mitigator of Radiation Injury", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 32876, "first_name": "ANDREA L", "last_name": "DICARLO-COHEN", "orcid": "", "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2025-08-01", "end_date": "2027-07-31", "award_amount": 431750, "principal_investigator": { "id": 32877, "first_name": "Stephen L", "last_name": "Brown", "orcid": "", "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [ { "id": 32878, "first_name": "FREDERICK Augustus", "last_name": "VALERIOTE", "orcid": "", "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "awardee_organization": { "id": 2633, "ror": "", "name": "HENRY FORD HEALTH + MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "MI", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "Abstract: Our long term objective is to develop a new class of radiation mitigating agents with attractive chemical, physical and biological characteristics required to be an effective drug that can be distributed widely. We have identified a small molecule, UTS-1401 [5-(methylthiomethyl) isoxazole-3-carboxylic acid] which demonstrates mitigation of hematopoietic stem cell death when administered at either 24h or 48h following whole body irradiation (WBI). Using the endogenous spleen colony assay we demonstrated a significant mitigating effect (ratio of colony number with and without UTS-1401) when drug was given 24h or 48h after radiation. We have also recently demonstrated a significant radioprotection for both mouse survival and hematopoietic stem cells for this compound for up to 72h before irradiation (Valeriote et al, Radiation Research, 202:16-25, 2024). In this application, we propose to examine solely the mitigating effect to both the hematopoietic acute radiation syndrome (H-ARS) in specific aim 1 and the gastrointestinal acute radiation syndrome (GI-ARS) in specific aim 2 following WBI (with 5% bone marrow protection for specific aim 2). Swiss mice will receive a series of graded doses of WBI around the LD50 for both syndromes with and without the administration of 150 mg/kg UTS- 1401. The single dose of UTS-1401 being used in all studies is the highest dose administrable due to its aqueous solubility (in tartrate buffered saline). The radiation mitigation factors will be calculated as the ratio of the LD50 for radiation plus UTS-1401 versus radiation alone. The degree of mitigation will be examined at 24, 48 and 72 h following WBI to determine the timeframe of mitigation after radiation exposure. Three routes of drug delivery, intravenous (iv), oral, and subcutaneous (sc), will be examined and compared. For all specific aims, both male and female mice will be separately studied. Radiation will be delivered by electrons from a Linac. In specific aim 3, we will examine the pharmacokinetics (PK) for 150 mg/kg UTS-1401 comparing the iv, oral, and sc routes to obtain a determination of both the drug kinetics and bioavailability. The AUC values will be correlated with the extent of mitigation. Finally, in specific aim 4, we will address the mechanism of action with studies focused on the role of specific cytokines induced by radiation in the so-called “cytokine storm”. We will assess the time course changes of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, CSF and TGF-β in blood as well as bone marrow and intestinal mucosa over 20 days following: UTS-1401 alone, 10 Gy irradiation, and the combination of UTS-1401 and radiation at a 24h interval. The results from these studies are expected to demonstrate an effective first-in-class compound, UTS-1401, which has a small molecular weight, is chemically stable, nontoxic, aqueous soluble and inexpensive with radiation mitigating properties which extend for a number of days following irradiation. The mechanism studies are expected to demonstrate UTS-1401 as a new class of agents for mitigating the cytokine storm consequent to the irradiation.", "keywords": [ "Animals", "Biologic Characteristic", "Biological", "Biological Assay", "Biological Availability", "Blood", "Bone Marrow", "Buffers", "Carboxylic Acids", "Cell Death", "Characteristics", "Chemicals", "Complex", "Data", "Development", "Dose", "Drug Delivery Systems", "Drug Kinetics", "Effectiveness", "Electrons", "Exposure to", "FDA approved", "Female", "Femur", "Formulation", "Gender", "Goals", "Hematopoietic", "Hematopoietic System", "Hematopoietic stem cells", "Hour", "Individual", "Inflammatory", "Interleukin-1 beta", "Interleukin-6", "Intestinal Mucosa", "Intestines", "Intravenous", "Ionizing radiation", "Isoxazoles", "Lethal Dose 50", "Measures", "Methods", "Molecular Weight", "Mus", "Nuclear", "Nuclear Accidents", "Nuclear Weapon", "Oral", "Pharmaceutical Preparations", "Plasma", "Property", "Radiation", "Radiation Accidents", "Radiation Dose Unit", "Radiation Injuries", "Radiation Protection", "Radiation Toxicity", "Radiation exposure", "Refrigeration", "Research", "Role", "Route", "Saline", "Sampling", "Series", "Solubility", "Spleen", "Swiss Mice", "Syndrome", "TNF gene", "Tartrates", "Technology", "Terrorism", "Testing", "Time", "Tissues", "Transforming Growth Factor beta", "United States National Institutes of Health", "War", "Weight", "Whole-Body Irradiation", "aqueous", "chemical stability", "cost effective", "cytokine", "cytokine release syndrome", "flexibility", "gastrointestinal", "gender difference", "intravenous administration", "irradiation", "male", "medical countermeasure", "mouse model", "novel", "radiation countermeasure", "radiation mitigation", "radiation mitigator", "radioprotected", "small molecule", "stem cells", "subcutaneous", "success" ], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "15788", "attributes": { "award_id": "1R16GM159146-01", "title": "Building Reliable Vision-Language Assistant for Dermatology AI through Modeling Uncertainties in Multimodal LLMs", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 32871, "first_name": "WUHONG", "last_name": "PEI", "orcid": "", "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2025-08-12", "end_date": "2029-06-30", "award_amount": 175470, "principal_investigator": { "id": 32872, "first_name": "Zhiqiang", "last_name": "Tao", "orcid": "", "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 2651, "ror": "", "name": "ROCHESTER INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "NY", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "Diagnosis delay is one of the key factors that lead to skin cancer death, especially for melanoma diagnosis during the COVID-19 pandemic. The long examination time and limited dermatological access have been the major roadblocks to the preventive treatment of skin cancers to lower the high mortality rate. Developing a clinical AI agent that can analyze digital skin images and provide timely, interactive text responses to patient symptoms and inquiries will significantly mitigate the nationwide dermatologist shortage, thereby improving the early diagnosis chance and teledermatology accessibility for melanoma as well as other skin diseases. Conventional dermatology AI methods mainly focus on medical image recognition to identify skin lesions and malignancies, falling short in visual-language assistance for remote healthcare services. A conversational diagnostic AI model, which is able to answer medical questions by sensing subtle visual patterns of skin disorders/cancers, is still in urgent need. The long-term goal of this research program is to develop a reliable large visual-language (VL) model that enables conversational Dermatology AI to facilitate early melanoma diagnosis and general skin care. The proposed research will generate accurate and interpretable clinical responses by finetuning Large Language Models – LLMs (e.g., the generative AI models deployed in ChatGPT) through answering questions and visual reasoning in multimodal contexts. Specifically, the project will realize three aims: 1) Build a new multimodal LLM specifically for dermatology to discern melanoma and other skin diseases and to automatically answer questions relevant to skin lesions. 2) Study uncertainties stemming from data bias and distribution shifts to enhance the reliability of LLM-powered AI diagnosis in multimodal contexts and teledermatology environments. 3) Determine the visual relevance in LLM decisions based on the rich public dermatological images with clinical text annotations. The proposed research will establish a new multimodal LLM that interweaves visual reasoning and uncertainties to advance Dermatology AI in broad VL assistance tasks, enabling automatic conversational diagnostic in teled- ermatology and providing new insights about how LLM understands skin lesions and dermatological knowledge. A pixelwise visual instruction tuning approach and a novel multi-level uncertainty quantification framework will be developed, providing technical foundations to benefit a wide range of LLM-based healthcare research. This project will be the first large visual-language research study that investigates LLM's intelligence and reliability in coping with multimodal dermatology contexts – visual skin lesions and text clinical annotations/dialogues. The success of this project will provide transformative AI techniques in assisting early melanoma diagnosis and remote skin care, leading to better teledermatology accessibility for patient treatments, reducing mortality from skin cancers through timely detection, and revolutionizing dermatological access in public healthcare systems.", "keywords": [ "Accounting", "Artificial Intelligence enhanced", "Behavior", "Benchmarking", "Benign", "COVID-19 pandemic", "Cellular Phone", "Cessation of life", "ChatGPT", "Clinical", "Cutaneous Melanoma", "Data", "Death Rate", "Dependence", "Dermatologic", "Dermatologist", "Dermatology", "Dermoscopy", "Detection", "Development", "Diagnosis", "Diagnostic", "Disease", "Early Diagnosis", "Environment", "Evaluation", "Foundations", "Generations", "Goals", "Grain", "Hallucinations", "Health Care", "Health Care Research", "Health Care Systems", "Image", "Instruction", "Intelligence", "Knowledge", "Language", "Learning", "Lesion", "Life", "Machine Learning", "Malignant Neoplasms", "Medical", "Medical Imaging", "Melanoma", "Methods", "Modeling", "Morphologic artifacts", "Noise", "Patients", "Pattern", "Preventive treatment", "Prognosis", "Protocols documentation", "Public Health", "Research", "Resolution", "Risk", "Series", "Skin", "Skin Cancer", "Skin Care", "Skin Imaging", "Skin Malignancy", "Symptoms", "Techniques", "Text", "Time", "Training", "Translations", "Uncertainty", "Underserved Population", "United States", "Vision", "Visual", "artificial intelligence model", "chatbot", "clinical imaging", "coping", "data acquisition", "design", "digital", "diverse data", "generative artificial intelligence", "health care service", "improved", "insight", "large language model", "lens", "mortality", "multimodality", "neglect", "novel", "programs", "remote health care", "research study", "response", "skin disorder", "skin lesion", "stem", "success", "teledermatology", "trustworthiness" ], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "15787", "attributes": { "award_id": "1R13HD118735-01", "title": "Health, Mortality, & Aging Among People with Criminal Legal System Contact in America", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 32868, "first_name": "RANDOLPH CHRISTOPHER", "last_name": "CAPPS", "orcid": "", "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2025-08-01", "end_date": "2028-07-31", "award_amount": 10000, "principal_investigator": { "id": 32869, "first_name": "Sade", "last_name": "Lindsay", "orcid": "", "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [ { "id": 32870, "first_name": "Bryan Lamont", "last_name": "Sykes", "orcid": "", "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "awardee_organization": { "id": 2650, "ror": "", "name": "CORNELL UNIVERSITY", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "NY", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT: Criminal justice contact is an important contributor to population variation in health outcomes, including mortality, morbidity, and aging. During and following the COVID-19 pandemic, people in American jails, prisons, and detention centers experienced elevated health risks that exacerbated their already high morality and aging precariousness. This proposal requests support for a three-year conference program on, “Health, Mortality, and Aging Among People with Criminal Legal System Contact in America,” with each year focusing on critical questions about the health of incarcerated people that have emerged since the COVID-19 crisis. These interdisciplinary conferences will harness the research and expertise of established and emerging scholars conducting research at the intersections of health, mortality, and aging in economics, sociology, demography/population science, law, criminology, public health, medicine, and public policy. The proposed conference programs are innovative by including the participation of people affected by legal system involvement, as well as by investigating population heterogeneity to formulate and to advance a bold new research agenda that will benefit affected communities. The program has four specific aims: (1) to advance scientific knowledge and research recommendations to improve health across the life-course for people involved in the criminal legal system; (2) to amplify the voices of affected people, families, and communities; (3) to train the next generation of criminal legal scholars; and (4) to engage multiple audiences. Deliverables will include: (1) three special issues, each devoted to a unique conference theme over the three years (i.e., mortality, health, and aging), allowing for the discrete and unique treatment of each topic; and (2) research briefs that translate findings into potential interventions and recommendations that broadly engage the individuals, families, and communities subject to criminal justice contact, as well as other stakeholders (government officials, prison and court actors, non-profits, and other advocates). By discussing and documenting how life-course transitions that intersect with the criminal legal system matter for socio-economic, health, and well-being, this conference will engage and advance the conceptual and empirical dialogues that began with several National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine workshops in 2013 and 2020, and, more recently, a half-day seminar in 2024. As leaders in the criminal legal field, the investigative team and Cornell University are uniquely positioned to host this program.", "keywords": [ "Acute", "Advocate", "Affect", "Aging", "American", "Area", "Attention", "COVID-19 pandemic", "Cessation of life", "Chronic", "Collaborations", "Collection", "Communities", "Community Health", "Consumption", "Correctional Institutions", "Criminal Justice", "Criminology", "Data", "Dedications", "Demography", "Development", "Economics", "Educational workshop", "Engineering", "Epidemiology", "Event", "Exclusion", "Exposure to", "Family", "Government Officials", "Health", "Imprisonment", "Individual", "Intervention", "Jail", "Journals", "Knowledge", "Laws", "Legal", "Legal system", "Life Cycle Stages", "Life Expectancy", "Lived experience", "Measures", "Medicine", "Mentors", "Methodology", "Methods", "Morality", "Morbidity - disease rate", "Outcome", "Participant", "Personal Satisfaction", "Persons", "Population", "Population Heterogeneity", "Population Sciences", "Positioning Attribute", "Prisons", "Public Health", "Public Policy", "Recommendation", "Reporting", "Request for Proposals", "Research", "Research Personnel", "Risk", "Scientific Advances and Accomplishments", "Scientific Inquiry", "Social Sciences", "Sociology", "Training", "Translating", "Translational Research", "United States National Academy of Sciences", "Universities", "Variant", "Voice", "career", "court", "detention center", "experience", "forging", "health difference", "improved", "improved outcome", "individualized medicine", "innovation", "labor market", "life span", "mortality", "next generation", "population health", "prison population", "programs", "public health relevance", "research and development", "socioeconomics", "symposium", "theories" ], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "15786", "attributes": { "award_id": "1R01HL173153-01A1", "title": "Statistical Methods for Information Synthesizing Using Multiple Existing Longitudinal Cohort Studies", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "National Heart Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 32866, "first_name": "MICHAEL", "last_name": "WOLZ", "orcid": "", "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2025-08-01", "end_date": "2029-05-31", "award_amount": 500660, "principal_investigator": { "id": 32867, "first_name": "Yifei", "last_name": "Sun", "orcid": "", "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 781, "ror": "", "name": "COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "NY", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "Building on the valuable groundwork laid by the Collaborative Cohort of Cohorts for COVID-19 Research (C4R), this research project aims to advance the statistical methods used in pooled cohort studies. Pooled cohort studies are a powerful tool in clinical and epidemiological research, enabling the detection of subtle effects and interactions and improving the generalizability of findings through increased sample diversity. However, they pose unique challenges, particularly systematic missing data and potential heterogeneity across studies. Our goal is to address these challenges and improve the robustness of pooled cohort studies. To achieve this goal, we have structured four specific aims: Under Aim 1, we propose a novel Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) framework for robust statistical inference across multiple studies dealing with systematically missing data. Our investigation will probe into the missing data mechanism across multiple samples, employing density ratio weight- ing to handle the heterogeneity in covariate and outcome distributions. Under Aim 2, we propose nonparametric predictive models that leverage data from multiple studies with systematically missing data. We will develop a gradient boosting algorithm for versatile prediction model accommodating predictors of varying detail. Addition- ally, we will design algorithms for cohort-specific prediction models that take advantage of information from other cohorts. Aim 3 extends the proposed methods for systematically missing data and cohort heterogeneity to right- censored time-to-event data. Under Aim 4, we perform comprehensive evaluations through simulations and real data analyses, and develop user-friendly analytical pipelines for the proposed methods. Our research design and methods are centered around developing, testing, and refining these new statistical methods. These methods will then be evaluated both via simulation and real-world application to the C4R data. The long-term objective is to establish reliable tools for integrating multiple cohorts and conducting individual participant data meta-analysis. The development of these robust statistical methods and a systematic pipeline for the pooled analysis of system- atically missing data will provide valuable tools for researchers working with pooled cohort data. This project will enhance the validity and reliability of findings from the C4R study, and thereby contribute to a more accurate un- derstanding of risk and resilience factors for COVID-19 severity and outcomes. Our findings will be disseminated widely, including the development of user-friendly software to facilitate the application of our proposed methods.", "keywords": [ "Address", "Adoption", "Algorithm Design", "Algorithms", "Atherosclerosis", "COVID-19", "COVID-19 severity", "Clinical Research", "Cohort Studies", "Complex", "Data", "Data Analyses", "Detection", "Development", "Equation", "Evaluation", "Event", "Exclusion", "Funding", "Goals", "Heterogeneity", "Individual", "Investigation", "Longitudinal cohort study", "Meta-Analysis", "Methods", "Modeling", "National Heart Lung and Blood Institute", "Outcome", "Participant", "Procedures", "Research", "Research Design", "Research Methodology", "Research Personnel", "Research Project Grants", "Risk Factors", "Sampling", "Scheme", "Specific qualifier value", "Statistical Data Interpretation", "Statistical Methods", "Structure", "Target Populations", "Testing", "Time", "United States National Institutes of Health", "Validity and Reliability", "Variant", "cohort", "data harmonization", "data integration", "density", "diverse data", "epidemiology study", "global health", "gradient boosting", "improved", "innovation", "interest", "novel", "post-pandemic", "predictive modeling", "real world application", "research study", "resilience factor", "secondary analysis", "simulation", "tool", "user friendly software", "user-friendly" ], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "15785", "attributes": { "award_id": "1K99HL181185-01", "title": "Investigating Histone Acetylation Modulator Function in Alveolar Regeneration and Disease Pathogenesis", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "National Heart Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 32586, "first_name": "ROYA", "last_name": "KALANTARI", "orcid": "", "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2025-08-01", "end_date": "2027-07-31", "award_amount": 130593, "principal_investigator": { "id": 32865, "first_name": "Dawei", "last_name": "Sun", "orcid": "", "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 2649, "ror": "", "name": "BROAD INSTITUTE, INC.", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "MA", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "Influenza and COVID-19 remain significant global health concerns, with viral infections in the lungs often leading to alveolar damage and, in severe cases, progressing to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). ARDS development is closely linked to impaired alveolar regeneration, which relies on the proliferation and differentiation of alveolar type 2 (AT2) stem cells into alveolar type 1 (AT1) cells to restore lung function. The precise molecular mechanisms that govern alveolar regeneration remain poorly understood. Here I have established a high-throughput in vivo genetic screening system in mice to systematically search for essential epigenetic modulators that contribute to alveolar regeneration. Preliminary results have identified numerous histone acetylation pathway related genes, including lysine acetyltransferase 8 (Kat8), are required for AT2 restoration and may contribute to differentiation towards AT1 cells. Kat8 has not previously been linked to alveolar regeneration, however, a key component of its associated protein complex and downstream target genes has been identified in genome-wide association studies as risk genes for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, a deadly disease also caused by impaired alveolar regeneration. This proposal aims to clarify the mechanisms by which Kat8 regulates alveolar regeneration, determine the association of Kat8 loss of function with pulmonary fibrosis and further enhance the existing in vivo screen system by integration with single cell techniques to comprehensively map other histone acetylation modulation functions. This study will shed light on epigenetic mechanisms underlying AT2-mediated alveolar regeneration and disease pathology, with the potential to inform the design of novel therapeutic approaches targeting histone acetylation modulators to promote alveolar regeneration and combat fibrosis progression. The proposed research plan will be executed at the Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, under the mentorship of Dr. Fei Chen and Dr. Jayaraj Rajagopal, with overall complementary expertise in the field of genomics, synthetic biology, and lung stem cell biology. My career objective is to become a tenure-track faculty pioneering and simultaneously training next-generation scientists at the intersection of technology and lung stem cell biology. To accomplish my career goals, I have put together a comprehensive training plan to enhance the overall skill sets required to establish myself as a successful independent investigator. To ensure timely progress toward fulfilling my rigorous research plan and career goals, I have gathered an expert advisory committee comprising Dr. Carla Kim, Dr. Darrell Kotton, Dr. Jason Buenrostro, and Dr. Ruth Franklin, with whom I will regularly discuss my research progress and receive invaluable career development guidance, the key ingredient to my pathway to scientific independence.", "keywords": [ "Acetylation", "Acetyltransferase", "Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome", "Advisory Committees", "Alveolar", "Automobile Driving", "Biological Assay", "COVID-19", "COVID-19 mortality", "Cancer cell line", "Cell Aging", "Cell Differentiation process", "Cell Proliferation", "Cells", "Cessation of life", "Chemicals", "Complex", "Complication", "Dependovirus", "Development", "Disease", "Disease Progression", "Down-Regulation", "Engineering", "Ensure", "Epigenetic Process", "Faculty", "Fibrosis", "Gene Expression", "Genes", "Genetic", "Genetic Markers", "Genetic Screening", "Genome", "Genomics", "Goals", "Guide RNA", "Histone Acetylation", "Histone Deacetylase", "Histone H4", "Homeostasis", "Impairment", "In Vitro", "Influenza", "Knock-out", "Link", "Lung", "Lysine", "Maps", "Mediating", "Mentors", "Mentorship", "Methods", "Mitochondria", "Molecular", "Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells", "Mus", "Mutation", "Natural regeneration", "Pathogenesis", "Pathology", "Pathway interactions", "Phenotype", "Play", "Population", "Process", "Proliferating", "Pulmonary Fibrosis", "Research", "Research Personnel", "Resolution", "Role", "Satellite Viruses", "Scientist", "Stimulus", "System", "Techniques", "Technology", "Telomere Maintenance Gene", "Training", "Transitional Cell", "Variant", "Vertebral column", "Viral Pneumonia", "Virus Diseases", "career", "career development", "cell behavior", "cell type", "combat", "design", "genome wide association study", "global health", "histone acetyltransferase", "idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis", "improved", "in vivo", "insight", "loss of function", "lung injury", "lung stem cell", "male specific", "mitochondrial dysfunction", "mortality", "new therapeutic target", "next generation", "novel therapeutic intervention", "old mice", "progenitor", "protein complex", "pulmonary function", "restoration", "risk variant", "screening", "skills", "stem cell biology", "stem cells", "synthetic biology", "telomere", "tenure track", "transcriptomics" ], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "15784", "attributes": { "award_id": "1R34HL177243-01A1", "title": "Empowering Cardiovascular Health in Custodial Grandparents (ECG)", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "National Heart Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 32863, "first_name": "REBECCA A", "last_name": "CAMPO", "orcid": "", "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2025-08-01", "end_date": "2028-07-31", "award_amount": 197160, "principal_investigator": { "id": 32864, "first_name": "MinKyoung", "last_name": "Song", "orcid": "", "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 2648, "ror": "", "name": "OREGON HEALTH & SCIENCE UNIVERSITY", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "OR", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "There has been a steady increase in grandparent caregiving in the US. This acceleration is due to recent trends in domestic violence, parents’ incarceration, parents’ death due to the COVID-19 pandemic, and opioid overuse that increase familial instability and leave more grandchildren to be cared for by custodial grandparents. These grandparent caregivers face ongoing stressors as they navigate legal custody arrangements, cope with loss of their own child(ren), or face social isolation. A higher prevalence in an array of social determinants of health often put them at higher risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD): belonging to a racial/ethnic minority, living below the poverty line, living in single-caregiver households, and having lower levels of educational attainment. Additionally, custodial grandparents appear to have higher rates of adverse childhood experiences, another known risk for CVD. This unique mixture of stressors manifests in custodial grandparents’ health, where they are at higher risk for CVD compared to their non-caregiving peers. However, there is a dearth of intervention addressing custodial grandparents’ CVD risk. To address this gap and optimize healthy aging and cardiovascular health among this growing at-risk population, we will implement a virtually delivered, evidence-based CVD risk reduction intervention - The Rural Caregiver Heart Health Education [RICHH] Intervention. The RICHH intervention was originally targeted for adult caregivers of adult family members with a chronic illness, and has not been tested in the context of custodial grandparents’ CVD risk. We propose a 3-year planning project to determine the feasibility, acceptability, and initial effect of the RICHH intervention conducted with custodial grandparents. We will employ a mixed method design and conduct a 2-arm randomized controlled trial with 70 custodial grandparents in Oregon. The specific aims are: 1) modify the RICHH intervention to target custodial grandparents from a variety of backgrounds; 2) employ the re-designed intervention and assess its feasibility and acceptability; and 3) evaluate and refine the RICHH protocol among our team members and explore the initial effect of the intervention based on measures of CVD risk, self- management behaviors, and depressive symptoms at 4-months and at 6-months, compared to baseline. Expected outcomes are to complete the sufficient and scientifically necessary groundwork to support a future clinical trial that will test the effectiveness of the RICHH intervention with a longer follow-up and increased inclusivity of participants from marginalized populations, with the objectives of: a) preventing CVD-related morbidity and mortality and overall physical decline, b) improving psychological well-being in these grandparents, and c) fostering a more heart-healthy environment in grandfamilies.", "keywords": [ "2 arm randomized control trial", "Acceleration", "Address", "Adherence", "Adult", "Affect", "Affective", "American", "Attitude", "Behavior", "Blood Pressure", "Body mass index", "COVID-19", "COVID-19 mortality", "COVID-19 pandemic", "Cardiac health", "Cardiovascular Diseases", "Caregivers", "Child", "Child Rearing", "Chronic Disease", "Clinical Trials", "Community Health Aides", "Custodial Care", "Data", "Data Collection", "Development", "Dietary intake", "Domestic Violence", "Educational Intervention", "Educational Status", "Effectiveness", "Environment", "Evaluation", "Face", "Family member", "Focus Groups", "Fostering", "Future", "Glycosylated hemoglobin A", "Goals", "Group Interviews", "Health", "Health education", "Heart", "High Prevalence", "Home", "Household", "Imprisonment", "Intervention", "Knowledge", "Legal", "Link", "Lipids", "Measures", "Mental Depression", "Methods", "Modification", "Morbidity - disease rate", "Oregon", "Outcome", "Parents", "Participant", "Phase III Clinical Trials", "Physical activity", "Planning Theory", "Population", "Populations at Risk", "Poverty", "Preparation", "Prevention", "Procedures", "Protocols documentation", "Public Health", "Research Design", "Research Personnel", "Risk Reduction", "Rural", "Self Care", "Self Efficacy", "Self Management", "Social isolation", "Structure", "Testing", "Trauma", "Well in self", "Work", "Writing", "acceptability and feasibility", "adverse childhood events", "cardiovascular disorder risk", "cardiovascular health", "caregiving", "coping", "data management", "depressive symptoms", "design", "effectiveness testing", "empowerment", "ethnic minority", "evidence base", "experience", "follow-up", "grandchild", "grandparent", "healthy aging", "high risk", "improved", "intervention effect", "marginalized population", "member", "mortality", "nicotine exposure", "older adult", "opioid epidemic", "opioid overuse", "opportunity cost", "peer", "post intervention", "prevent", "primary caregiver", "primary outcome", "racial minority", "recruit", "retention rate", "satisfaction", "secondary outcome", "skills", "social health determinants", "stressor", "therapy design", "treatment as usual", "trend", "virtual delivery" ], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "15783", "attributes": { "award_id": "1R01AI188944-01A1", "title": "PRECISE: accessible sample-to-answer RT-PCR detection of hepatitis C infection from whole blood", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 32845, "first_name": "JULIE", "last_name": "DYALL", "orcid": "", "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2025-08-08", "end_date": "2030-07-31", "award_amount": 575356, "principal_investigator": { "id": 32862, "first_name": "Samuel K", "last_name": "Sia", "orcid": "", "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 2647, "ror": "", "name": "COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "NY", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "This proposal is in response to NOSI NOT-AI-23-001, which calls for new point-of-care HCV diagnostics. Most of global HCV burden is concentrated in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), but the U.S. has witnessed a steady increase in infection rates in the past decade, with an estimated 140,000 new cases annually. Whereas direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) can over 95% of HCV-infected individuals, and are becoming more accessible, about 40% of infected people are unaware of their status. The current two-step diagnostic process requires an initial antibody screen followed by an expensive and time-consuming RNA test to confirm active infection. This cumbersome workflow requires multiple office visits for patients, resulting in delays in treatment initiation and significant patient follow-up loss. Our lab has been developing plasmonic-based thermocycling into a clinically useful method for fast multiplexed RT-PCR at the POC. In this approach, heating is achieved not externally via the Peltier effect, but rather internally via infrared excitation of nanoparticles; as a result, the heating is rapid, and powered with low- power robust optical components. We have gathered substantial preliminary data to validate the premise of this approach to work on clinical specimens (saliva and nasal swabs); the results (published in Nature Nanotechnology, 2022) showed the ability, within 25 minutes from sample to result, to detect SARS-CoV-2 with high sensitivity and specificity. Moreover, even in the presence of the plasmonic nanoparticles, we showed that real-time qPCR could be performed with accurate quantitative determinations of cycle threshold (Ct) values. This capability for sample-to-result analysis is faster than traditional PCR approaches using Peltier heating, and the instrumentation using readily available optics renders the approach suitable for community testing sites where rapid and accurate results are sought. This proposal integrates plasmonic PCR with plasma filtration (starting with whole blood) and magnetic bead-based nucleic-acid extraction (a technique we recently published called PRECISE, Lab Chip, 2024). The proposed combined method, PRECISE plasmonic PCR, takes advantage of special nanoparticles to facilitate a seamless sample-to-result workflow for the end user, suitable for the target community health settings to facilitate HCV diagnosis in a single patient visit to enable on-the-spot treatment. The target metrics would be the best in class among HCV nucleic-acid tests, meeting all of the criteria in the target product profile recommended by the NOSI for an “optimal” test except for the 15-minute turnaround time (our target is 30 minutes), and surpassing all “minimal” targets. The target metrics include cost considerations.", "keywords": [ "Accountability", "Anti-viral Agents", "Antibodies", "Benchmarking", "Biological Assay", "Blood", "Blood specimen", "COVID-19 detection", "Caring", "Clinic", "Clinical", "Collection", "Communities", "Community Health", "Consumption", "Data", "Decentralization", "Detection", "Devices", "Diagnosis", "Diagnostic", "Filtration", "HCV infection", "Health Care Surveys", "Health Personnel", "Heating", "Hepatitis C virus", "India", "Individual", "Infection", "Liver", "Magnetism", "Malignant neoplasm of liver", "Methods", "Microfluidics", "Nanotechnology", "Nature", "New Jersey", "Nucleic Acid Amplification Tests", "Nucleic Acids", "Office Visits", "Optics", "Patients", "Persons", "Phase", "Plasma", "Preparation", "Primary Care", "Process", "Publishing", "RNA", "Recommendation", "Research Institute", "Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction", "Saliva", "Sampling", "Sensitivity and Specificity", "Site", "Specimen", "Spottings", "Techniques", "Technology", "Temperature", "Testing", "Time", "Training", "Tube", "United States", "Vendor", "Visit", "Whole Blood", "Work", "cost", "cost effective", "detection limit", "detection platform", "follow-up", "high risk", "improved", "infection rate", "innovation", "instrumentation", "low and middle-income countries", "magnetic beads", "meetings", "mortality", "nanoGold", "nanoparticle", "nanoshell", "nasal swab", "novel", "operation", "plasmonics", "point of care", "point of care testing", "response", "screening uptake", "skills", "usability", "user-friendly", "viral detection" ], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "15782", "attributes": { "award_id": "1R01AI189398-01", "title": "Structural and mechanistic study of bat NLRP6 inflammasome in detecting RNA viruses", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 32860, "first_name": "KENTNER L", "last_name": "SINGLETON", "orcid": "", "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2025-08-01", "end_date": "2030-07-31", "award_amount": 451836, "principal_investigator": { "id": 32861, "first_name": "Chen", "last_name": "Shen", "orcid": "", "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 2646, "ror": "", "name": "WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "MO", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "Bats harbor the unique ability to host a wide array of emerging viruses, such as Ebola virus, Nipah virus, Hendra virus, and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV). These RNA viruses are highly pathogenic and often lethal to humans and animals. Intriguingly, bats develop no/minimal signs of diseases in both natural and experimental infections. Significant progress has been made to suggest the altered immunological networks and dampened inflammatory signaling in bats. However, the direct viral sensing mechanisms in bats and the unique immunological features that distinguish bats from other mammals remain poorly studied. Inflammasomes are multi-protein signaling platforms that form in epithelial cells and myeloid cells upon stimulation by pathogen and damage signals. Their primary function is to active the inflammatory caspases such as caspase-1. Canonical inflammasome sensors consist mainly of nucleotide-binding domain (NBD), leucine-rich repeat (LRR)-containing (NLR) family proteins. Among these NLR proteins, NLRP6 is a unique pattern recognition receptor that is predominantly expressed in intestinal and liver system. The inflammasome function of NLRP6 has been reported to directly detect the RNA viruses (rotavirus and mouse hepatitis virus) that infect the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. On the other hand, the excessive activation of NLRP6 inflammasome may exacerbate the tissue damage and cause the autoinflammatory diseases. In bats, the GI tract represents one major organ for viral infection, while infections rarely cause symptoms. The long-term goal of our project is to understand the specific inflammasome sensing mechanisms in detecting RNA viruses in the intestinal epithelium of bats and gain the insights of how bats protect themselves from the pathogenesis of inflammation-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction. In this application, we propose to pursue the following specific aims: 1) Determine the cryo- EM structures of bat NLRP6 monomer, elucidate the biochemical foundation of bat NLRP6- dsRNA interaction, determine the cryo-EM structures of bat NLRP6 with viral dsRNA and compare the structural mechanisms of dsRNA sensing and inflammasome signaling among bat, mouse and human NLRP6; 2) Elucidate the RNA virus-induced bat NLRP6 inflammasome signaling in reconstituted intestinal epithelial cells (IECs), analyze the bat inflammasome signaling in Eonycteris spelaea (Es) in response to bat-borne RNA viruses, study the genetic role of bat NLRP6 in regulating inflammasome signaling in bat primary IECs/bat intestinal organoids. The proposed studies will guide the development of therapeutics to target GI inflammatory disorders in human based on the molecular details of bat NLRP6 inflammasome.", "keywords": [ "Address", "Affinity", "Animals", "Attention", "Binding", "Biochemical", "Biochemistry", "Biology", "Biophysics", "Blood", "Body Size", "CASP1 gene", "Caspase", "Chiroptera", "Coronavirus", "Cryoelectron Microscopy", "Data", "Development", "Diarrhea", "Disease", "Double-Stranded RNA", "Ebola virus", "Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay", "Enteritis", "Epithelial Cells", "Exhibits", "Flying body movement", "Foundations", "Functional disorder", "Gastrointestinal tract structure", "Genetic", "Genetic study", "Goals", "Hendra Virus", "Human", "Immune system", "Immunologics", "Immunology", "In Vitro", "Infection", "Inflammasome", "Inflammation", "Inflammatory", "Inflammatory Bowel Diseases", "Inflammatory Response", "Innate Immune System", "Interdisciplinary Study", "Intestines", "Learning", "Leucine-Rich Repeat", "Liver", "Mammals", "Maps", "Mediating", "Middle East Respiratory Syndrome", "Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus", "Molecular", "Murine hepatitis virus", "Mus", "Myeloid Cells", "Nipah Virus", "Nucleotides", "Organ", "Organoids", "Outcome", "Pathogenesis", "Pathogenicity", "Pattern", "Pattern recognition receptor", "Play", "Protein Family", "Proteins", "RNA Virus Infections", "RNA Viruses", "Recombinants", "Reporting", "Resolution", "Role", "Rotavirus", "SARS coronavirus", "Signal Transduction", "Signaling Protein", "Structure", "Symptoms", "Syndrome", "System", "Therapeutic", "Tissues", "Viral", "Viral Load result", "Virus", "Virus Diseases", "Work", "autoinflammatory", "autoinflammatory diseases", "bat-borne", "emerging virus", "experimental study", "gastrointestinal", "gastrointestinal system", "insight", "intestinal barrier", "intestinal epithelium", "life span", "metabolic rate", "monomer", "novel therapeutics", "pathogen", "prevent", "reconstitution", "response", "restraint", "sensor", "therapeutic development", "viral RNA" ], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "15780", "attributes": { "award_id": "1R01CA293884-01A1", "title": "The impact of dyadic processes on smoking and cigarette craving: An experimental investigation of romantic partners and smoking friends", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "National Cancer Institute (NCI)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 32857, "first_name": "REBECCA", "last_name": "FERRER", "orcid": "", "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2025-08-07", "end_date": "2029-07-31", "award_amount": 2202321, "principal_investigator": { "id": 32858, "first_name": "Amanda", "last_name": "Forest", "orcid": "", "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [ { "id": 32859, "first_name": "MICHAEL Andrew", "last_name": "SAYETTE", "orcid": "", "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "awardee_organization": { "id": 2644, "ror": "", "name": "UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "PA", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "Smoking is the leading preventable cause of cancer and mortality in the US, with Covid hitting smokers especially hard. Quitting is difficult (and smoking increased during Covid), yet interventions yield only mixed success. Smokers often smoke and crave cigarettes in social settings. Public health research emphasizes social factors in smoking, and clinical studies point to the need to better understand disrupted relationship dynamics when a romantic partner or friend quits. Thus, it is striking that nearly all lab research (testing causal relations) on smoking and craving tests smokers in isolation. This neglect of social factors extends to quitting practices. Even on the most respected websites, the “social” advice for quitting offers fairly simplistic and incomplete tips that fail to consider subtle yet powerful challenges that quitting may create for smoking friends and romantic partners. Further, there is no evidence regarding how social factors exacerbate the altered smoking-related decision-making that accompanies craving, thus raising the likelihood of smoking. To develop a comprehensive understanding of the factors and processes that maintain smoking and increase relapse risk, basic experimental research that integrates social processes into existing paradigms focusing on pharmacologic and (individual) psychological aspects of addiction is needed. This basic experimental study with humans (BESH) application addresses targeted NCI Behavioral Research Program priorities focused on leveraging research on dyadic processes to examine health-related behaviors such as smoking cessation. Integrating theory and research derived from three disciplines rarely applied to smoking (experimental social psychology with a focus on dyadic processes, affective science, cognition), the project will offer a multimodal analysis of craving and smoking in two social contexts relevant to smoking (friendships, romantic couples). This project will use innovative measures of affect (e.g., an urge pressure dynamometer, speech volume, Facial Action Coding System) and decision-making to test theoretically-derived processes (e.g., shared reality, motivated reasoning, emotional contagion) that may help explain the challenges linked to quitting when rewarding social aspects of smoking are lost. The project will elucidate why some smokers may struggle managing relationships when quitting, and why social interventions may be most useful for a subset of smokers. In both a friends study and a couples study, abstinent daily and nondaily smokers will be recruited. The friends study will test the impact of a friend’s presence on cue-elicited craving, with a focus on shared craving states, and the couples study will target effects of mutual smoking versus unilateral smoking on critical social interactions and relationship perceptions thought to raise obstacles to quitting. This project will test important social-cognitive and socio- emotional mechanisms underlying craving and smoking that may identify hidden social motives for smoking that must be integrated into biopsychosocial smoking treatment. Regardless of outcome, this work will provide valuable data on emotional and cognitive processes experienced in social settings during craving and smoking.", "keywords": [ "Acoustics", "Address", "Affect", "Affective", "American", "Behavioral Research", "Cancer Etiology", "Cessation of life", "Cigarette", "Clinical", "Clinical Research", "Code", "Cognition", "Cognitive", "Couples", "Cues", "Data", "Decision Making", "Discipline", "Disclosure", "Electronic cigarette", "Emotional", "Emotions", "Event", "Face", "Friends", "Friendships", "Future", "Goals", "Health", "Health behavior", "Human", "Individual", "Intervention", "Investigation", "Language", "Link", "Malignant Neoplasms", "Measures", "Methodology", "Methods", "Modeling", "Monitor", "Nicotine", "Nicotine Dependence", "Outcome", "Patient Self-Report", "Perception", "Persons", "Pharmaceutical Preparations", "Play", "Preventable cancer cause", "Process", "Public Health", "Reporting", "Research", "Rewards", "Role", "Science", "Smiling", "Smoke", "Smoker", "Smoking", "Smoking treatment", "Social Environment", "Social Interaction", "Social Processes", "Social Psychology", "Speech", "Subgroup", "Testing", "Tobacco", "Treatment Efficacy", "Work", "addiction", "biopsychosocial", "cigarette craving", "cigarette smoking", "cognitive process", "contagion", "craving", "experience", "experimental study", "heuristics", "innovation", "insight", "member", "mortality", "multimodality", "neglect", "novel", "pharmacologic", "premature", "pressure", "prevent", "programs", "psychologic", "public health research", "recruit", "relapse risk", "smoking cessation", "smoking cue", "social", "social factors", "social interventions", "social relationships", "success", "theories", "web site" ], "approved": true } } ], "meta": { "pagination": { "page": 2, "pages": 1405, "count": 14046 } } }