Grant List
Represents Grant table in the DB
GET /v1/grants?page%5Bnumber%5D=1419&sort=funder_divisions
{ "links": { "first": "https://cic-apps.datascience.columbia.edu/v1/grants?page%5Bnumber%5D=1&sort=funder_divisions", "last": "https://cic-apps.datascience.columbia.edu/v1/grants?page%5Bnumber%5D=1424&sort=funder_divisions", "next": "https://cic-apps.datascience.columbia.edu/v1/grants?page%5Bnumber%5D=1420&sort=funder_divisions", "prev": "https://cic-apps.datascience.columbia.edu/v1/grants?page%5Bnumber%5D=1418&sort=funder_divisions" }, "data": [ { "type": "Grant", "id": "4842", "attributes": { "award_id": "1251457", "title": "Support of Dark Matter Silver Jubilee Symposium; Syposium to be held in Richland, WA", "funder": { "id": 3, "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62", "name": "National Science Foundation", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "Unknown", "Particle Astrophysics/Cosmic P" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [], "start_date": "2012-09-15", "end_date": "2013-08-31", "award_amount": 5000, "principal_investigator": { "id": 16823, "first_name": "Frank", "last_name": "Avignone", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [ { "id": 1346, "ror": "", "name": "University South Carolina Research Foundation", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "SC", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true } ] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 1346, "ror": "", "name": "University South Carolina Research Foundation", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "SC", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "This award will provide participant support for early career scientists and graduate students to participate in the \"Dark Matter Silver Jubilee Symposium\" at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA on June 19-21, 2012. The symposium will host distinguished speakers in the field of dark matter research providing an overview of the research to date and an outlook for future investigations.\n\nFor Broader Impacts, it has a particular focus on early career scientists and graduate students. The workshop will feature a free public lecture on Dark Matter.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "5369", "attributes": { "award_id": "0710910", "title": "Oxygen and Multiple S Isotope Investigation of Magma-Country Rock Interaction During Early Stages of Magmatism in the Midcontinent Rift System: Constraints From the Eagle Deposit", "funder": { "id": 3, "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62", "name": "National Science Foundation", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "Unknown", "Petrology and Geochemistry" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [], "start_date": "2007-07-01", "end_date": "2011-06-30", "award_amount": 153553, "principal_investigator": { "id": 18821, "first_name": "Chusi", "last_name": "Li", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [ { "id": 221, "ror": "https://ror.org/01kg8sb98", "name": "Indiana University", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "IN", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true } ] }, "other_investigators": [ { "id": 18820, "first_name": "Edward M", "last_name": "Ripley", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "awardee_organization": { "id": 221, "ror": "https://ror.org/01kg8sb98", "name": "Indiana University", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "IN", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "Intellectual merit: The Eagle deposit, located in the Baraga Basin of northern Michigan, consists of semi-massive and massive Fe-Ni-Cu sulfides found within a dike-like peridotite body. The rocks are associated with the Proterozoic Midcontinent Rift System (MRS), and are thought to represent feeders to early-stage, rift-related volcanics. Country rocks include Proterozoic metasedimentary rocks that are locally graphitic and sulfidic; these rocks appeared to be likely sources for S contained in the igneous rocks, However, sulfides in the igneous rocks are characterized by d34S values less than 4 per mil, whereas sulfides in the Proterozoic rocks show a d34S range from ~10 to 40 per mil. Preliminary S isotopic analyses indicate a range of d33S values from 0.02 to -0.7 per mil, indicating significant mass independent fractionation of S isotopes that to date has only been documented in Archean rocks. Thus, most of the S contained in the Eagle deposit must be derived from Archean rocks, rather than from the sulfide-rich Proterozoic rocks. To verify and understand this surprising result, a detailed investigation of d33S variations is proposed for the Eagle deposit, as well as both Proterozoic and Archean country rocks. Multiple S isotope studies have proven to be important to the continuing evaluation of Earth's early atmosphere. However, recent studies have shown that mass independently fractionated S isotopes (MIF-S) may not be restricted to rocks greater that ~2 Ga in age. The proposed stratigraphically controlled study at Eagle will provide information on the distribution of d33S values in the igneous rocks and related sulfide mineralization, in the Proterozoic (two sequences, one of ~ 2.2-2.4 Ga and the other of ~1.8-1.9 Ga, which will cover important intervals in Earth history with respect to MIF-S), and in the Archean rocks. We also plan to analyze gabbroic rocks with associated Cu-Ni sulfide mineralization found in the Duluth Complex of Minnesota, located on the north side of the rift. In these samples d34S values of the sulfide accumulations are similar to the values of iron sulfides in carbonaceous, 1.8 to 1.9 Ga country rocks. This association is much different from that at Eagle, and presents an opportunity to contrast multiple S isotope systematics in mineralized systems that formed at different times in the development of the MRS. Oxygen isotope analyses of olivine and plagioclase in the rocks at Eagle will also be undertaken to investigate the relative importance of devolatilization and partial melting of country rocks in transferring MIF-S to the magmatic system. Results of the proposed study will increase our understanding of magmatic sulfide ore formation in the MRS, will shed light on the nature of interaction between mantle-derived magmas and crustal rocks at various times in the developing rift, and provide insight into S mass independent fractionation on Earth.\n\nBroader impacts. The proposed research represents a collaboration between academia and the minerals industry. Kennecott will fund a graduate student fellowship as part of the project, as well as limited geochronologic, mineralogical and geochemical studies. In addition, reserves of Ni and platinum-group elements in the United States are low and studies of this type are needed to evaluate known resources and to develop exploration models. Both graduate and undergraduate students will benefit from the collaboration with mining industry, and will receive training in the utilization of state-of-the-art analytical instrumentation and in methods of scientific investigation.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "5338", "attributes": { "award_id": "0824954", "title": "Collaborative Research: Experiment on Internal Tide Scattering", "funder": { "id": 3, "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62", "name": "National Science Foundation", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "Unknown", "PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [], "start_date": "2008-09-01", "end_date": "2013-08-31", "award_amount": 579480, "principal_investigator": { "id": 18734, "first_name": "Thomas", "last_name": "Johnston", "orcid": null, "emails": "[email protected]", "private_emails": null, "keywords": "[]", "approved": true, "websites": "[]", "desired_collaboration": "", "comments": "", "affiliations": [ { "id": 599, "ror": "", "name": "University of California-San Diego Scripps Inst of Oceanography", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "CA", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true } ] }, "other_investigators": [ { "id": 18733, "first_name": "Daniel", "last_name": "Rudnick", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "awardee_organization": { "id": 599, "ror": "", "name": "University of California-San Diego Scripps Inst of Oceanography", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "CA", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "Tides rival winds as an energy source for mixing in the deep ocean, yet the pathways of energy transfer from basin-scale tidal flows to turbulent mixing scales are not well understood. Over the past decade, many observations have shown barotropic tidal flow over steep, tall mid-ocean topography generates low-mode (large-scale) internal tides. Most of the energy lost from barotropic tides at these sites is carried away by internal tides with decay scales of O(1000 km). With few in situ observations away from internal tide generation sites, the ultimate fate of these low-mode internal tides and their energy is uncertain. This project will examine how topographic scattering of internal tides from large to small scales dissipates their energy via micro-scale mixing. Topographic scattering may also be a sink for wind-driven near-inertial internal waves. Hutchinson Seamount in the Line Islands Ridge will serve as an ideal test site, which lies in the path of energetic mode-1 internal tides emanating southward from the Hawaiian Ridge. Numerical models show the conversion of energy from a low-mode structure to a localized beam of energy with enhanced vertical shear and mixing. Altimetry provides unambiguous support for the model predictions of energy transfer from mode 1 to 2 downstream of the seamount. This project will observe the internal tide scattering process, quantify the associated mixing relative to the temporal and spatial structures of the scattered waves, verify model predictions, and improve model capabilities. Moorings will be deployed upstream (with respect to the incoming internal tides), on top, and downstream of the seamount for 150 days. A survey on R/V Revelle will provide spatial coverage at 19 stations with lowered acoustic Doppler current profiling/CTD/micro-structure to map 1) the incident and scattered wave fields near the seamount and 2) mixing via direct measurements, Thorpe scales, and fine-scale parameterizations. The mooring time series will isolate the tidal signal from background variability. A new numerical modeling study of the scattering will help refine the sampling plan and interpret the data.\n\nInternal tides impact the magnitude and inhomogeneity (in time and space- vertically and laterally) of diapycnal mixing. The meridional overturning circulation is likely not a heat engine, but is driven energetically by deep-ocean mixing. The relevance of global models, most with uniform mixing, of past or future climate is at issue if they are tuned to reproduce present observations, but do not include spatially and temporally inhomogeneous diapycnal mixing. Internal tide scattering is important where baroclinic tides are large and topography is tall and steep, such as in the Western Pacific and at mid-ocean ridges.\n\nThe investogators will validate their numerical models against their experimental results for 2D and 3D topography in linear and nonlinear regimes. Graduate students and interns will gain experience with state-of-the-art instrumentation. Results will be broadly disseminated to the public by developing in cooperation with other researchers a Wikipedia entry on internal tides, their importance in mixing, and relevance to global circulation and climate. This website is often top ranked in internet searches and has the potential to reach millions of interested people in the general public as well as students. Publication of results in popular science magazines and websites will be sought via a press release from the Scripps Communications Office. Results will be disseminated in the oceanographic community by presentations at the International Union of Geophysics and Geodesy meeting in 2011 and the Ocean Sciences meeting in 2012 and by publishing in peer-reviewed journals.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "5167", "attributes": { "award_id": "0820126", "title": "Collaborative Research: Abiotic Stress Combination: Bridging the gap between Arabidopsis Stress Research and Agriculture", "funder": { "id": 3, "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62", "name": "National Science Foundation", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "Unknown", "Physiolgcl Mechnsms&Biomechnsm" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [], "start_date": "2009-04-15", "end_date": "2011-04-30", "award_amount": 228571, "principal_investigator": { "id": 18344, "first_name": "Vladimir", "last_name": "Shulaev", "orcid": null, "emails": "[email protected]", "private_emails": null, "keywords": "[]", "approved": true, "websites": "[]", "desired_collaboration": "", "comments": "", "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 244, "ror": "", "name": "Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "VA", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "Arabidopsis 2010: Abiotic stress combination: Bridging the gap between Arabidopsis stress research and agriculture\n\nThe work undertaken on this project is designed to make significant contributions to the goals of the 2010 program - to understand the networking and function of every gene in Arabidopsis. The specific focus of the project is on abiotic stress combinations and the genetic and metabolic networks that respond to stress combinations such as drought and heat, drought and salinity and salinity and heat. Abiotic stress is the primary cause of crop loss world-wide, with losses in the US estimated at 14-19 billion dollars each year. While abiotic stress is routinely studied in Arabidopsis by applying a single stress condition such as drought, salinity or heat, this type of analysis does not reflect the conditions that occur in the field where crop plants are subjected to a combination of different stresses. The central objective of the project is to identify novel genes, gene networks and metabolic pathways that specifically respond to a combination of two different abiotic stresses. The hypothesis to be tested is that dedicated genes, networks and pathways are activated in plants that are simultaneously exposed to two different stress conditions. This project is designed to bring Arabidopsis into the front line of applied research on abiotic stress tolerance, and bridge the gap between stress studies conducted with Arabidopsis in the lab and the conditions that impact crops in the field. The two key \"Broader Impacts\" of the proposed research are: 1) Development and maintenance of a centralized website that will bring together agronomists, breeders and Arabidopsis molecular biologists (http://www.ag.unr.edu/Stress_Combination/). 2) Educational outreach for K-12 and multidisciplinary training to postdoctoral, graduate and undergraduates trainees. Both undergraduate and K-12 outreach and training activities will target the under privileged and under represented in Science. Historically, abiotic stress combinations, such as drought and heat, had the outmost devastating economical and sociological impacts on the US, with losses of 48.4 and 61.6 billion dollars in 1980 and 1988 respectively. The proposed project will pave the way for the development of crops with enhanced abiotic stress tolerance, contributing to ameliorate the consequences of future weather disasters that are likely to increase in frequency due to anticipated climatic changes.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "5364", "attributes": { "award_id": "0725489", "title": "Workshop-Physiological Research, Integration, Synthesis, and Modeling Center, to be held in Santa Barbara, CA, March 17 - 19, 2007.", "funder": { "id": 3, "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62", "name": "National Science Foundation", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "Unknown", "Physiolgcl Mechnsms&Biomechnsm" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [], "start_date": "2007-03-15", "end_date": "2008-02-29", "award_amount": 15000, "principal_investigator": { "id": 18811, "first_name": "Martin", "last_name": "Frank", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [ { "id": 1401, "ror": "https://ror.org/01y68k842", "name": "American Physiological Society", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "MD", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true } ] }, "other_investigators": [ { "id": 18808, "first_name": "Hannah V", "last_name": "Carey", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, { "id": 18809, "first_name": "Terrie M", "last_name": "Williams", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, { "id": 18810, "first_name": "James W", "last_name": "Hicks", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "awardee_organization": { "id": 1401, "ror": "https://ror.org/01y68k842", "name": "American Physiological Society", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "MD", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "This small grant will support a workshop to evaluate and initiate a National Center Network focusing on a Physiological Research, Integration, Synthesis and Modeling (PRISM) program. The concept will be explored during a two-day workshop on March 17-19, 2007 at the National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis (NCEAS) facility (Santa Barbara, CA). \n\n \n\nThe specific aims of this workshop are to develop a document that \n\n1) refines the key elements of the NCN-PRISM program to reflect the broad interests of the organismal biological community, \n\n2) identifies current and potential partners for this endeavor, and \n\n3) outlines a development scheme for supporting the program. \n\n \n\nFifteen scientists representing the areas of physiological research, conservation, biomedicine, and zoological park communities have been identified to participate in this initial workshop. Each has expressed an interest in the development of an integrated program for comparative and ecological physiology. Through a series of presentations, discussions and writing assignments this group will evaluate the need, logistics and costs of creating a national center network for integrative physiology. The NCEAS was selected as the location for the workshop to encourage discussions with its director concerning the successful steps towards developing a national synthesis center (using NCEAS as an example) and the potential for future collaboration with the proposed PRISM Center.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "5478", "attributes": { "award_id": "0614938", "title": "Conference: Plant Receptor Signaling at Iowa State University.", "funder": { "id": 3, "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62", "name": "National Science Foundation", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "Unknown", "PHYSIOLOG & STRUCTURAL SYS" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 19089, "first_name": "Michael", "last_name": "Mishkind", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2006-09-01", "end_date": "2007-08-31", "award_amount": 3000, "principal_investigator": { "id": 19091, "first_name": "Philip", "last_name": "Becraft", "orcid": null, "emails": "[email protected]", "private_emails": null, "keywords": "[]", "approved": true, "websites": "[]", "desired_collaboration": "", "comments": "", "affiliations": [ { "id": 192, "ror": "https://ror.org/04rswrd78", "name": "Iowa State University", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "IA", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true } ] }, "other_investigators": [ { "id": 19090, "first_name": "Marit", "last_name": "Nilsen-Hamilton", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "awardee_organization": { "id": 192, "ror": "https://ror.org/04rswrd78", "name": "Iowa State University", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "IA", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "A symposium on Plant Receptor Signaling will be held at Iowa State University on June\n22-25, 2006. Receptors are key molecules in the perception and response to stimuli,\nincluding light, hormones and developmental signals, and biotic interactions such as\npathogens and symbionts. As such, this topic is of interest to basic and applied plant\nresearchers. This symposium is part of an ongoing series sponsored by the Plant Sciences\nInstitute. The symposium will feature 19 invited speakers of international renown, as well\nas approximately 16 short talks selected from submitted abstracts. There will also be a\nposter session and social activities to promote interactions. Session topics will include\nPhotoreceptors, Hormone Receptors, Receptors in Growth and Development, Receptors in\nBiotic Interactions, and Genomic / Proteomic Approaches to Studying Plant Receptors.\nEducational activities will include a 1-credit course for graduate students associated\nwith the symposium, and activities to assist undergraduates understand the science. Travel\ngrants will be made available to students, with particular emphasis on encouraging\nminority participation.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "15668", "attributes": { "award_id": "2525493", "title": "PIPP Phase I: Develop and Evaluate Computational Frameworks to Predict and Prevent Future Coronavirus Pandemics", "funder": { "id": 3, "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62", "name": "National Science Foundation", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "Unknown", "PIPP-Pandemic Prevention" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 2558, "first_name": "Joanna", "last_name": "Shisler", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2024-10-01", "end_date": null, "award_amount": 1000000, "principal_investigator": { "id": 8018, "first_name": "Hong", "last_name": "Qin", "orcid": null, "emails": "[email protected]", "private_emails": null, "keywords": "[]", "approved": true, "websites": "[]", "desired_collaboration": "", "comments": "", "affiliations": [ { "id": 894, "ror": "", "name": "University of Tennessee Chattanooga", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "TN", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true } ] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 237, "ror": "", "name": "Old Dominion University Research Foundation", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "VA", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "Once a novel coronavirus or a new variant is detected, how likely would the novel coronavirus or new variant transmit from person to person, and how sick could patients become? What kind of new coronaviruses could cause future pandemics? Knowing the answers to these questions can help nations make proper strategic decisions. The dilemma is how to predict the behavior and pathogenic severity of new viruses as early as possible. A team of researchers thinks they have found ways to answer these questions by developing new artificial intelligence software tools to predict the virus’s behaviors based on its genome sequence. This team of researchers recognizes the potential bias in machine learning applications and the need to increase diversity in the future artificial intelligence workforce. Leveraging their expertise in genomics, data science, artificial intelligence, genetics, infectious disease, chemical engineering, public health, and communication, this team of researchers will organize training workshops and activities providing culturally responsive teaching of artificial intelligence, data science training to teachers, and context-relevant coding experiences to high school students. The team will promote public trust in science and discernment of misinformation through community outreach. This research team will prototype a deep learning model based on biological knowledge and hypotheses that can predict viral pathogenic fitness from genomic sequences to test the potential rules for viral pathogenicity. The team will explore several methods to correct the sampling bias in viral genomic surveillance in order to accurately estimate the fitness of a viral strain. The team will investigate the mutation and recombination profiles in all available bat coronavirus genomes from the Southeastern Asia and build a prototype geospatial model to predict the recombination probability for all available bat coronaviruses. Leveraging their expertise in genetics and macromolecular structure modeling, the team will test a few candidate genes in SARS-CoV-2 for potential pathogenic rules. Based on the outcomes of these pilot projects, the team will be able to estimate the pathogenic fitness of an emerging SARS-CoV-2 variant or another novel coronavirus. This award is supported by the cross-directorate Predictive Intelligence for Pandemic Prevention Phase I (PIPP) program, which is jointly funded by the Directorates for Biological Sciences (BIO), Computer Information Science and Engineering (CISE), Engineering (ENG) and Social, Behavioral and Economic Sciences (SBE). This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "5410", "attributes": { "award_id": "0709500", "title": "Discovery, Follow-up, and Calibration of Near-Earth Objects", "funder": { "id": 3, "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62", "name": "National Science Foundation", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "Unknown", "PLANETARY ASTRONOMY" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [], "start_date": "2007-09-01", "end_date": "2011-08-31", "award_amount": 300000, "principal_investigator": { "id": 18915, "first_name": "David", "last_name": "Tholen", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [ { "id": 684, "ror": "", "name": "University of Hawaii", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "HI", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true } ] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 684, "ror": "", "name": "University of Hawaii", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "HI", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "AST 0709500\nTholen\n\nDr. Tholen will use this award to address three tasks related to near-Earth objects (NEOs). The first task is a continuation of efforts to find new NEOs at solar elongations of less than 90 deg, where objects in certain types of orbits can spend the majority, if not the entirety, of their time. The second\ntask is for follow-up astrometry of NEOs, concentrating on objects in the 20 to 24 apparent magnitude range, where little follow-up capability currently exists. The third task involves the acquisition of calibrated photometry of NEOs in the 17 to 19 absolute magnitude range to do a\nbetter job of determining the true number of objects brighter than absolute magnitude 18. \n \nThe Earth orbits the Sun in a swarm of asteroidal debris ranging in size from roughly 10 km down to tiny dust particles. The size-frequency distribution of this debris is such that only a few objects exist at the large end of the distribution, while billions of dust particles pervade the inner Solar System. The rate of collision between these objects and the Earth is proportional to their number. While collisions with dust particles are essentially continuous, the visible manifestation being known as meteors, collisions with larger objects are correspondingly rarer. A 50 m object hits the Earth every few hundred years, the most recent example being the Tunguska event of 1908. The effects of even larger objects colliding with the Earth are potentially devastating, the demise of the dinosaurs 65 million years ago being attributed to the impact of a 10 km object. To inventory potentially hazardous asteroids, several groups are surveying the Solar System beyond the orbit of the Earth, but little attention has been given to the region of the Solar System interior to the Earth's orbit. Previous survey work at small solar elongations has resulted in perhaps the most significant NEO discovery to date, that of (99942) Apophis, a 300 m object that will pass within 6 Earth radii on 2029 April 13. During a 20-year span centered on the date of discovery, this object spends 95 percent of its time at solar elongations of less than 90 deg. How many other similar objects are there? This program is designed to answer that important question.\n \nAstrometric follow-up of the brighter NEOs found by the professional surveys is an activity that involves hundreds of amateur astronomers throughout the world, with no gender, ethnic, or geographic boundaries. This survey will be no different in this regard. The project will directly involve a postdoctoral fellow and/or a graduate student, thus providing both education and training in the subjects of astrometry, photometry, and celestial mechanics. Because of the apparent connection between asteroid impacts and the extinction of the dinosaurs, the subject of near-Earth asteroids has become nearly as popular with younger students as has the subject of dinosaurs. It provides the opportunity to educate the public about the structure of the Solar System beyond the eight major planets traditionally memorized in grade school. And although the probability of finding an object of significant size on a collision course with Earth in the near future is quite small, the broader impact of such a discovery would be enormous, including the topics of disaster preparation, impact prediction, and threat mitigation. So popular has the subject become in recent years that it has spawned two major theatrical motion pictures, a television mini-series, and numerous documentaries.\n***", "keywords": [], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "4178", "attributes": { "award_id": "1651224", "title": "Collaborative Workshop in Advancing Research on Plant Biotic Interactions", "funder": { "id": 3, "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62", "name": "National Science Foundation", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "Unknown", "Plant Genome Research Project" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [], "start_date": "2016-09-01", "end_date": "2017-08-31", "award_amount": 45000, "principal_investigator": { "id": 14065, "first_name": "Richard", "last_name": "Michelmore", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [ { "id": 276, "ror": "", "name": "University of California-Davis", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "CA", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true } ] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 276, "ror": "", "name": "University of California-Davis", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "CA", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "An interdisciplinary and international group of researchers will convene on September 19-21, 2016 in Washington DC to identify key challenges in research related to plant health. The goal of the workshop is to identify areas for collaboration and synergy among US and UK scientists in research focused on the understanding of biotic interactions of plants with pathogens or pests, or with symbionts or other beneficial organisms that associate with plants, the so-called phytobiome. Approximately 40 scientists will convene in Washington DC to discuss research and technology frontiers to move the discipline forward and identify pathways for applied outcomes. The workshop participants aim to identify partnerships that can address new and emerging plant diseases on a global scale. The workshop will conclude with the preparation of a whitepaper, or roadmap, to be shared broadly and designed to guide collaborative interactions and research over the coming years. \n\nThe collaborative workshop is designed to identify gaps in understanding of the biology of plant interactions with various pests and pathogens, including insects, fungi, microbiomes and other plants. Participation will include a diverse group of researchers of all career stages and backgrounds to discuss bottlenecks in research progress and to identify synergies and collaborative efforts among US and UK scientists. A particular emphasis is placed on leveraging recent advances in plant genomics and bioinformatics and integrating this information with diverse disciplines such as biochemistry, structural and cell biology, physiology and epidemiology. A goal will be to increase the use of quantitative, theoretical and systems approaches that will permit translating insights about biotic interactions from basic research to practical outcomes. The workshop will establish a clear understanding of current plant health research landscape in UK and US and will identify of areas of strengths and future prospects for collaboration to solve together a global problem.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "15667", "attributes": { "award_id": "2514354", "title": "Collaborative Research: RESEARCH-PGR: Extracellular RNA Produced By Plants: What, Where, How, Who, and Why?", "funder": { "id": 3, "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62", "name": "National Science Foundation", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "Unknown", "Plant-Biotic Interactions" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 954, "first_name": "Gerald", "last_name": "Schoenknecht", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2024-10-01", "end_date": null, "award_amount": 1200000, "principal_investigator": { "id": 32176, "first_name": "Blake", "last_name": "Meyers", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [ { "id": 955, "first_name": "Patricia", "last_name": "Baldrich", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "awardee_organization": { "id": 276, "ror": "", "name": "University of California-Davis", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "CA", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "This project investigates the role of secreted RNA in the immune system of plants. The Innes and Meyers laboratories recently discovered that the leaves of plants accumulate RNA in the spaces between cells and on their surfaces. Although we usually think of RNA as a molecule that can direct cells to synthesize specific proteins (e.g., the mRNA in COVID vaccines directs our cells to make SARS-CoV2 spike protein), some RNAs serve other functions. Analysis of the base sequences of plant extracellular RNAs revealed that these RNAs are diverse in sequence, but do not appear to encode proteins. The discovery of extracellular non-coding RNA in plants raises two fundamental questions that this project will address: 1) how do plants secrete RNA? and 2) what is the function of this RNA? It takes a large amount of energy for cells to secrete RNA, thus this secreted RNA must benefit the plant in some way. This project will test the hypothesis that secreted RNA functions to protect plants from infection by fungi and bacteria. If this hypothesis is correct, the proposed research will enable generation of crop plants with improved immune systems that are more resistant to disease. Such crops are needed to feed a growing global population in a sustainable manner, while reducing the environmental impacts of agriculture. The Innes and Meyers laboratories recently discovered that the apoplast of Arabidopsis leaves contains abundant long non-coding RNAs, including circular RNAs, as well as small RNAs. These RNAs are bound to protein particles, which protects them against degradation. Notably, this extracellular RNA (exRNA) is highly enriched in the post-transcriptional modification N6-methlyadenine (m6A). These discoveries raise fundamental questions about plant biology: Are there specific exRNAs that are broadly conserved across plant species? How are exRNAs secreted, and are post-transcriptional modifications central to this process? And why do plants produce exRNAs? Do they play a fundamental role in plant-microbe interactions? To answer these questions, exRNA will be purified from the apoplast and leaf surfaces of seven diverse species: Arabidopsis, soybean, tomato, lettuce, pineapple, rice, and maize, which were chosen based on their phylogenetic diversity, genomic resources, importance as crops, and diversity in physiology. These exRNAs will be analyzed using both RNA-seq and sRNA-seq, which will allow identification of RNAs that are conserved between species. To assess whether m6A or other modifications are required for secretion, transgenic plants that express exRNAs that lack modification sites will be tested for their secretion efficiency. To investigate additional requirements for exRNA secretion, the exRNA content in Arabidopsis and rice plants with mutations in known RNA binding proteins and secretory pathway genes will be analyzed. Lastly, to assess whether exRNAs contribute to immunity, mutants compromised in exRNA secretion will be tested for resistance to fungal and bacterial pathogens. This award was co-funded by the Plant Genome Research Program and the Plant Biotic Interactions Program in the Division of Integrative Organismal Systems. This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } } ], "meta": { "pagination": { "page": 1419, "pages": 1424, "count": 14236 } } }