Grant List
Represents Grant table in the DB
GET /v1/grants?page%5Bnumber%5D=1405&sort=funder
{ "links": { "first": "https://cic-apps.datascience.columbia.edu/v1/grants?page%5Bnumber%5D=1&sort=funder", "last": "https://cic-apps.datascience.columbia.edu/v1/grants?page%5Bnumber%5D=1424&sort=funder", "next": "https://cic-apps.datascience.columbia.edu/v1/grants?page%5Bnumber%5D=1406&sort=funder", "prev": "https://cic-apps.datascience.columbia.edu/v1/grants?page%5Bnumber%5D=1404&sort=funder" }, "data": [ { "type": "Grant", "id": "12040", "attributes": { "award_id": "5R01AI170137-02", "title": "Using Disadvantage Indices to Address Structural Racism and Discrimination in Pandemic Vaccine Allocation and Beyond: Defining the Shape of a Novel Paradigm to Promote Health Equity", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 6243, "first_name": "BROOKE ALLISON", "last_name": "Bozick", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2022-07-01", "end_date": "2027-06-30", "award_amount": 782973, "principal_investigator": { "id": 25578, "first_name": "Thomas Harald", "last_name": "Schmidt", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [ { "id": 25579, "first_name": "Ruqaiijah", "last_name": "Yearby", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "awardee_organization": { "id": 232, "ror": "https://ror.org/00b30xv10", "name": "University of Pennsylvania", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "PA", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "Covid-19 exposed inequitable healthcare access and disparate health outcomes of people of color, that are due to structural racism and discrimination (SRD)—but in an unprecedented turn, policymakers also deployed a major novel tool to address SRD within, and likely outside of the pandemic. Rapidly and widely adopting a proposal by the National Academies of Science, Engineering and Medicine's (NASEM), a majority of US states (n=34) addressed SRD by including disadvantage indices (DIs) in vaccine allocation plans. DIs are place- based statistical measures of deprivation or vulnerability that integrate Census data such as income, education or quality of housing, to rank geographic areas as small as neighborhoods. Because one of the consequences of SRD is that people of color face reduced economic and housing opportunities and account for larger shares of disadvantaged communities, DIs simultaneously capture SRD impact, and offer tools for mitigation. For example, under severe scarcity, DIs were used to increase vaccine shares for disadvantaged areas, and, by extension, more people of color. DIs hence mitigated the risk that traditional allocation frameworks result in SRD, even if unintended. Still, the rapid adoption and wide rangeof uses leave unclear what the optimal uses of DIs are within and outside of health emergencies. Our goal is to determine the strengths and weaknesses of DIs in addressing SRD in Covid-19, future pandemics, public health and clinical care. As mixed-methods s DIs disadvantaged alongside incidence, difference-in-difference on with weaknesses SRD the hospital will disadvantaged a highly interdisciplinary team collaborating with a community advisory board, we propose an observational tudy with 2 aims. First, we will identify the impact, strengths, and weaknesses of using in Covid-19 vaccine allocation to address SRD and improve healthcare access and outcomes of communities of color : We will evaluate t he impact of the 3 most frequently used DIs a newly launched CDC/HHS index (the Minority Health Social Vulnerability Index ) on Covid-19 hospitalizations, deaths and vaccination rates by race and ethnicity, using predictive modeling and analyses of states' actual vaccine-roll-out. We will also conduct ualitative interviews facilitators and barriers of DIs with vaccine allocation and health equity leaders in the 32 CDC jurisdictions the largest shares of disadvantaged communities. Second, we wil identify the possible strengths and of using DIs in public health and clinical care outside of emergency settings to address and improve healthcare access and outcomes of disadvantaged communities of color: We will use Delphi method to identify how health department equity taskforce leaders, and equity leaders in the largest systems in the same 32 CDC jurisdictions, rank concrete uses of DIs, identified from the literature. We complement expert views with two innovative nationally representative survey-experiments, and engaging communities in impactful award-winning group deliberation (CHoosing All Together-CHAT) q l .", "keywords": [ "Address", "Adopted", "Adoption", "Advisory Committees", "Area", "Award", "COVID-19", "COVID-19 vaccine", "Censuses", "Cessation of life", "Collaborations", "Color", "Communicable Diseases", "Communication", "Communities", "Complement", "Data", "Disadvantaged", "Discrimination", "Disparity population", "Economics", "Education", "Emergency Situation", "Engineering", "Equity", "Ethics", "Ethnic Origin", "Ethnic Population", "Evaluation", "Exercise", "Face", "Geographic Locations", "Goals", "Health", "Health Services Research", "Health system", "Healthcare", "Hospitalization", "Hospitals", "Housing", "Incidence", "Income", "Inequity", "Interview", "Journals", "Knowledge", "Laws", "Learning", "Life Expectancy", "Literature", "Measures", "Medicine", "Methods", "Modeling", "Neighborhoods", "Outcome", "Persons", "Play", "Policy Maker", "Psychology", "Public Health", "Qualifying", "Qualitative Methods", "Race", "Recommendation", "Recording of previous events", "Research", "Resources", "Review Literature", "Role", "SARS-CoV-2 exposure", "Shapes", "Site", "Structural Racism", "Surveys", "System", "Time", "US State", "United States National Academy of Sciences", "Vaccination", "Vaccines", "Work", "care outcomes", "clinical care", "community engagement", "community partnership", "deprivation", "design", "disorder control", "disparity reduction", "emergency settings", "experimental study", "future pandemic", "health care availability", "health care disparity", "health difference", "health equity", "health equity promotion", "health outcome disparity", "improved", "indexing", "innovation", "minority health", "neighborhood disadvantage", "novel", "outreach", "pandemic disease", "people of color", "predictive modeling", "preference", "racial population", "racism", "risk mitigation", "social", "social vulnerability", "symposium", "tool", "vaccine distribution" ], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "12041", "attributes": { "award_id": "5R01HL158756-02", "title": "Immunologic basis of cardiac disease after severe COVID-19", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "National Heart Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 10288, "first_name": "Patrice", "last_name": "Desvigne-Nickens", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2022-07-01", "end_date": "2026-05-31", "award_amount": 685031, "principal_investigator": { "id": 25583, "first_name": "Jason V", "last_name": "Baker", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [ { "id": 25584, "first_name": "Chetan N", "last_name": "Shenoy", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "awardee_organization": { "id": 764, "ror": "https://ror.org/017zqws13", "name": "University of Minnesota", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "MN", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS- CoV-2) has become a widespread global pandemic. While the predominant clinical manifestation of severe COVID-19 is respiratory failure, other organ complications such as cardiac injury are common. Cardiac injury and cardiomyopathy are frequent cardiac manifestations during acute illness. Additionally, some survivors of COVID-19 are experiencing cardiopulmonary symptoms months after the acute illness, referred to as Post- Acute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 (PASC) or “Long COVID”. Given the frequency of cardiovascular injury during COVID-19 and the persistence of symptoms for extended periods after the acute illness, there is an urgent need for studies of the late effects of SARS-CoV-2 on the cardiovascular system. We aim to investigate the central hypothesis that immune responses to severe COVID-19 cause acute inflammation and injury that result in clinically relevant myocardial fibrosis and dysfunction over the long-term. Since August 2020, we have been enrolling patients in a COVID-19 Immune Profiling (IP) Study, which includes a protocol to collect blood specimens from patients with COVID-19 at admission, during hospitalization, 1-3 months, and 3-12 months after recovery. We will co-enroll participants from this study and perform cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) and additional functional cardiopulmonary assessments at 3-12 months and 2-3 years after recovery. Our specific aims include, Aim 1) Identify innate immune profiles during severe COVID-19 that predict long- term cardiac damage. We will focus innate immunity measures in blood specimens collected at admission and early recovery, Aim 2) Establish whether adaptive immune responses contribute to cardiac injury after COVID- 19. We will quantify responses targeting SARS-CoV-2 as well as explore maladaptive responses targeting cardiac proteins. Analysis of blood specimens will be supplemented with exploratory studies of cardiac tissue, and Aim 3) Determine the long-term structural and functional cardiac abnormalities after severe COVID-19. This includes characterization of cardiac fibrosis and dysfunction, cardiopulmonary dysfunction, and clinical symptoms. Comparisons will be made with control participants who had influenza infection 1-2 years prior. Our proposal responds to urgent need for science characterizing long-term cardiac complications following COVID- 19. Our collaborative team has extensive experience spanning cardiology, infectious disease, immunology, and epidemiology, and will be led by a cardiologist with expertise in CMR and inflammatory cardiomyopathies, and an infectious diseases specialist with expertise in cardiovascular complications in the context of chronic viral infections. Successful completion of our work will help understand the long-term cardiovascular effects of severe COVID-19 illness. This knowledge could, in turn, help enhance health, lengthen life, and reduce illness and disability in COVID-19 survivors.", "keywords": [ "2019-nCoV", "ACE2", "Acute", "Admission activity", "Award", "Biological Markers", "Blood specimen", "CD4 Positive T Lymphocytes", "COVID-19", "COVID-19 patient", "COVID-19 survivors", "Cardiac", "Cardiology", "Cardiomyopathies", "Cardiopulmonary", "Cardiovascular system", "Cells", "Chronic", "Clinical", "Communicable Diseases", "Diffuse", "Endothelial Cells", "Epidemic", "Epidemiology", "Fibroblasts", "Fibrosis", "Frequencies", "Functional disorder", "Goals", "Health", "Heart Abnormalities", "Heart Diseases", "Heart Injuries", "Hospitalization", "Immune", "Immune response", "Immunofluorescence Immunologic", "Immunologics", "Immunology", "In Vitro", "Infection", "Inflammation", "Inflammatory", "Influenza", "Injury", "Intervention", "Knowledge", "Late Effects", "Life", "Long COVID", "Low Prevalence", "Lymphopenia", "Magnetic Resonance", "Measures", "Mediating", "Microcirculation", "Mononuclear", "Muscle Cells", "Myocardial", "Myocardial dysfunction", "Myocarditis", "Natural Immunity", "Organ", "Participant", "Pathology", "Patients", "Peptides", "Pericytes", "Phenotype", "Post-Acute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 Infection", "Proteins", "Protocols documentation", "Recovery", "Reporting", "Research", "Respiratory Disease", "Respiratory Failure", "SARS-CoV-2 infection", "Science", "Specialist", "Specimen", "Survivors", "Symptoms", "T cell response", "T-Lymphocyte", "Testing", "Tissues", "Troponin", "Viral", "Virus Diseases", "Work", "adaptive immune response", "cardiac magnetic resonance imaging", "cardiovascular effects", "cardiovascular injury", "clinically relevant", "cohort", "coronary fibrosis", "coronavirus disease", "cytokine", "disability", "experience", "heart damage", "immune activation", "improved", "influenza infection", "injured airway", "lung failure", "macrophage", "monocyte", "myocardial injury", "neutrophil", "novel", "pandemic disease", "participant enrollment", "particle", "persistent symptom", "receptor", "response", "risk stratification", "severe COVID-19", "spatial relationship", "study population", "systemic inflammatory response", "thrombotic complications", "wound healing" ], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "12042", "attributes": { "award_id": "5R01AI170204-02", "title": "The effect of HIV on SARS-CoV-2 transmission and emergence of variants of concern", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 9953, "first_name": "Robin E", "last_name": "Huebner", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2022-07-05", "end_date": "2026-06-30", "award_amount": 559720, "principal_investigator": { "id": 25585, "first_name": "Chawangwa", "last_name": "Modongo", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [ { "id": 25586, "first_name": "Stefan", "last_name": "Niemann", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, { "id": 25587, "first_name": "Sanghyuk Sam", "last_name": "Shin", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "awardee_organization": { "id": 971, "ror": "", "name": "UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA-IRVINE", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "CA", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "The emergence and spread of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern is threatening global health and our ability to prevent COVID-19 disease, raising concerns about a potential new wave of the pandemic. HIV may complicate the trajectory of the COVID-19 pandemic and efforts to eradicate the virus. While most people with a competent immune system successfully clear SARS-CoV-2 infection within days, people living with HIV with weakened immunity can carry persistent infection for months. Individuals with immunodeficiency may also have a higher risk of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection that can further extend the duration of infectiousness with high viral load. As a result, chronically infected individuals are potentially contagious for an extended period of time and may sustain transmission in the community. Similar to other viruses, SARS-CoV-2 accumulates mutations over time as it replicates within the host. Therefore, chronic SARS-CoV-2 infection in the context of a weakened immune system may provide the time and the environment needed for the virus to replicate and evolve genetic mutations associated with survival advantages, including increased transmissibility and resistance to COVID-19 vaccines or treatment. The proposed research aims to understand the overall impact of HIV infection on the SARS-CoV-2 viral evolution and transmission dynamics in a setting with high HIV prevalence. We will address current knowledge gaps by integrating SARS-CoV-2 genomic data, patient-level clinical data, and epidemiological data to achieve the following aims: 1) we will determine the effect of HIV infection on the transmission dynamics of COVID-19 and emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants; and 2) we will determine the effect of HIV-associated immunosuppression on the acquisition of SARS-CoV-2 mutations. For the first Aim, advanced phylodynamic methods will be applied to determine how HIV affects the transmission and viral evolution of SARS-CoV-2 on a population scale, as well as to describe risk factors that drive individual and population-level COVID-19 transmission. For the second Aim, we will recruit and follow a cohort of COVID-19 patients with and without HIV infection to determine the effect of HIV-associated immunosuppression on the rate of emerging SARS-CoV-2 mutations. The proposed research will also utilize active case finding to minimize sampling bias. Findings from this project will inform the development of optimal public health interventions to control the pandemic by disrupting transmission chains and prevent the emergence and spread of alarming variants.", "keywords": [ "2019-nCoV", "Address", "Affect", "Area", "Botswana", "CD4 Positive T Lymphocytes", "COVID-19", "COVID-19 impact", "COVID-19 pandemic", "COVID-19 patient", "COVID-19 prevention", "COVID-19 severity", "COVID-19 treatment", "COVID-19 vaccine", "Case Study", "Cell Count", "Cells", "Chronic", "Clinical", "Clinical Data", "Cohort Studies", "Communities", "Country", "DNA Sequence Alteration", "Data", "Development", "Disease", "Environment", "Epidemic", "Epidemiology", "Event", "Evolution", "Foundations", "Functional disorder", "Future", "Genetic Recombination", "Goals", "HIV", "HIV Infections", "Health", "High Prevalence", "Household", "Immune", "Immune system", "Immunity", "Immunocompetent", "Immunocompromised Host", "Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes", "Immunosuppression", "Incidence", "Individual", "Infection", "Intervention", "Knowledge", "Methods", "Molecular", "Monitor", "Mutation", "National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease", "Patients", "Pattern", "Persons", "Play", "Population", "Prevalence", "Public Health", "RNA", "Research", "Resistance", "Risk Factors", "Role", "SARS-CoV-2 genome", "SARS-CoV-2 infection", "SARS-CoV-2 transmission", "SARS-CoV-2 variant", "Sampling", "Sampling Biases", "Subgroup", "System", "Time", "Tuberculosis", "Vaccination", "Variant", "Viral", "Viral Load result", "Virus", "case finding", "chronic infection", "co-infection", "cohort", "comorbidity", "epidemiologic data", "epidemiology study", "experience", "future pandemic", "genome sequencing", "genomic data", "genomic epidemiology", "global health", "high risk", "improved", "insight", "interest", "pandemic disease", "pandemic response", "population based", "pressure", "prevent", "programs", "public health intervention", "recruit", "transmission process", "variants of concern", "whole genome" ], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "12043", "attributes": { "award_id": "5R21AI166896-02", "title": "Exploration of the oropharyngeal resistome as a reservoir of antimicrobial resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 23822, "first_name": "KRISTIE LEE", "last_name": "Connolly", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2022-07-01", "end_date": "2024-06-30", "award_amount": 190213, "principal_investigator": { "id": 25588, "first_name": "Olusegun Olasunkanmi", "last_name": "Soge", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 159, "ror": "https://ror.org/00cvxb145", "name": "University of Washington", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "WA", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "Gonorrhea is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections (STIs) globally, and prior to the COVID- 19 pandemic, the second most common reportable infection in the U.S. In the past decade, there have been significant increases in gonorrhea among men who have sex with men (MSM) in the US, with a 375% increase observed from 2010–2018. At the same time, the percentages of antimicrobial-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae (AMR-NG) continues to increase markedly in MSM. Despite the significant increase in the prevalence of AMR- NG, the drivers and reservoirs of AMR-NG especially for oropharyngeal gonorrhea commonly diagnosed in MSM and responsible for all the reported cases of failed ceftriaxone treatment are yet to be fully elucidated. The oropharynx is reservoir for AMR-NG because it harbors a large microbiota and repertoire of AMR genes. The overall goal of this proposal is to describe comprehensively the oropharyngeal resistome of men who are a priority population for STI and HIV control and prevention. In Aim 1, we will use culturomics to identify NG and commensal bacteria, determine their AMR profiles, and use the phenotypic AMR data for stringent quality control of our oropharyngeal resistome profiling (Aim 2). In Aim 2, we will use an unbiased culture-independent metagenomic sequencing and comprehensive bioinformatic analysis to determine the oropharyngeal resistome of MSM and MSW. In Aim 3, we will sequence 150 commensal Neisseria spp. paired with NG isolates obtained from the same patient when isolated (Aim 1) to demonstrate that they share the same genetic markers of AMR. We will define the genetic mechanisms of AMR among multidrug-resistant (MDR) commensal Neisseria spp., and investigate the relative frequency of in vitro transfer of AMR from 10 different species of commensal Neisseria to fully susceptible and genetically diverse recipient strains of NG. We expect that the results from these studies will provide urgently needed data on the repertoire of AMR genes and genetic determinants facilitating the evolution of NG resistance to antibiotics recommended for gonorrhea treatment including ceftriaxone, the last remaining highly effective treatment option for gonorrhea, and paving the way for improved proactive identification and mitigation of emerging AMR threats. Our data will immediately contribute to the surveillance of AMR threats in MSM disproportionately impacted by gonorrhea and HIV epidemics, and guide efforts to develop novel antimicrobials for combatting MDR-NG. Public Health Significance. This study will define the magnitude and diversity AMR in the human oropharynx, an anatomic site thought to play a central role in the emergence of AMR-NG, and will provide new insights into which bacteria and under what circumstances NG may acquire AMR. This knowledge will provide important insights into how AMR-NG develops, critically important information in developing strategies to contain the threat of AMR-NG and for development of novel antimicrobials.", "keywords": [ "16S ribosomal RNA sequencing", "Address", "Anatomy", "Antibiotic Resistance", "Antibiotics", "Antimicrobial Resistance", "Antimicrobial susceptibility", "Bacteria", "Bioinformatics", "COVID-19 pandemic", "Case Study", "Ceftriaxone", "Cephalosporin Resistance", "Cephalosporins", "Clinic", "Clinical", "Coculture Techniques", "County", "Cross-Sectional Studies", "Data", "Development", "Diagnosis", "Drug-resistant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae", "Enrollment", "Environment", "Epidemic", "Event", "Evolution", "Exposure to", "Fluoroquinolones", "Frequencies", "Generations", "Genes", "Genetic", "Genetic Determinism", "Genetic Markers", "Goals", "Gonorrhea", "Guidelines", "HIV", "Health Priorities", "Human", "Humanities", "In Vitro", "Incidence", "Infection", "Knowledge", "Laboratories", "MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry", "Macrolides", "Metagenomics", "Methods", "Minimum Inhibitory Concentration measurement", "Multi-Drug Resistance", "Mutation", "Neisseria", "Neisseria gonorrhoeae", "Oropharyngeal", "Patients", "Penicillins", "Pharmaceutical Preparations", "Phenotype", "Play", "Population", "Predisposition", "Prevalence", "Prevention", "Public Health", "Quality Control", "Recommendation", "Reporting", "Resistance", "Resistance development", "Resistance profile", "Risk", "Role", "Sampling", "Sexual Health", "Sexually Transmitted Diseases", "Specimen", "Spectrometry Mass Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization", "System", "Testing", "Tetracyclines", "Therapeutic", "Time", "Treatment Protocols", "Woman", "Work", "antimicrobial", "commensal bacteria", "effective therapy", "emerging antimicrobial resistance", "global health", "high risk", "improved", "insight", "men", "men who have sex with men", "metagenomic sequencing", "microbial", "microbiota", "next generation sequencing", "novel", "pharyngeal gonorrhea", "recruit", "resistance gene", "resistance mechanism", "resistance mutation", "sex" ], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "12044", "attributes": { "award_id": "5R01HD107522-02", "title": "Promoting Prosocial Behavior in Syndromic Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 9289, "first_name": "Alice S", "last_name": "Kau", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2022-07-15", "end_date": "2025-06-30", "award_amount": 894707, "principal_investigator": { "id": 27909, "first_name": "LATHA Valluripalli", "last_name": "SOORYA", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [ { "id": 25590, "first_name": "Allison Leigh", "last_name": "Wainer", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "awardee_organization": { "id": 804, "ror": "https://ror.org/01j7c0b24", "name": "Rush University Medical Center", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "IL", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "Project Summary/Abstract: The enormous impact of COVID-19 service disruptions on individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDDs) has highlighted the critically urgent need to increase access to mental and behavioral health services. Within IDD populations, genetic syndromes associated with IDDs (“syndromic IDDs”) represent a particularly vulnerable subgroup. Many patients with syndromic IDDs present with medically complex phenotypes and remain minimally verbal even into adulthood, creating challenges accessing and benefiting from community-based interventions. Several reports point to extreme behavior and communication challenges as the most pressing behavioral health concerns for this population. Our near-term goals seek to identify effective approaches to target the more severe cognitive and behavioral phenotypes found in syndromic IDDs. Here, we propose adaptations to function-based treatment (FBT) – an already well-established, person- centered applied behavior analysis (ABA) model focused on replacing challenging behaviors with prosocial communication and behavior responses. Using the Planned Adaptation approach, proactive adaptations to improve the fit of FBT with the syndromic IDD population include syndrome-specific characterizations to inform phenotype-environment interactions, systematic screening for automatically reinforced behaviors which are often excluded from published FBT approaches, and adjustments to support minimally verbal individuals. This proposal draws upon the expertise of the investigative group in syndromic IDDs, conventional and telehealth behavioral interventions, and implementation sciences to evaluate the adapted, parent-implemented, telehealth FBT model for syndromic IDDs (FBTsIDD). The goal of this fully remote hybrid type 1 effectiveness- implementation study is to test FBTsIDD as delivered by non-specialist providers housed in medical hubs serving individuals with syndromic IDDs. Aim 1 involves a 24-week randomized control trial (RCT) that will randomize 80 children (ages 2 to 12 years) with syndromic IDDs and moderate to severe intellectual disability (ID) and their caregivers and randomize them into FBTsIDD or positive-parenting treatment (Treatment as Usual, TAU). Our overarching hypothesis is that FBTsIDD will be associated with significant reductions in challenging behaviors compared to TAU on independent evaluator ratings using a consumer-driven, Parent Target Problems (PTP) inventory and standardized measures of behavior and functional communication. Aim 2 seeks to systematically measure and understand both planned and unplanned adaptions to FBTsIDD using the Framework for Reporting Adaptations and Modifications-Expanded (FRAME). Together, these aims provide an innovative model to develop effective, acceptable, and scalable interventions for behavioral and communication challenges across the diverse, vulnerable population of individuals with syndromic IDDs.", "keywords": [ "Address", "Adult", "Affect", "Age", "Angelman Syndrome", "Behavior", "Behavior Therapy", "Behavioral", "Blinded", "COVID-19 impact", "COVID-19 pandemic", "Caregiver support", "Caregivers", "Caring", "Child", "Child Behavior", "Child Rearing", "Clinical", "Clinical effectiveness", "Cognitive", "Communication", "Communities", "Complex", "Data", "Disparity", "Environment", "Equipment and supply inventories", "Exclusion", "Family", "Genetic", "Goals", "Health Services", "Health Services Accessibility", "Healthcare", "Home", "Hybrids", "Impairment", "Individual", "Intellectual functioning disability", "Intervention", "Interview", "Life", "Longevity", "Measures", "Medical", "Mental Health", "Methods", "Modeling", "Modification", "Natural History", "Neurobiology", "Outcome", "Parents", "Participant", "Patients", "Phelan-McDermid syndrome", "Phenotype", "Population", "Provider", "Publishing", "Questionnaires", "Randomized", "Randomized Controlled Trials", "Reporting", "Research", "Resources", "Services", "Standardization", "Subgroup", "Surveys", "Syndrome", "Testing", "Tuberous Sclerosis", "Vulnerable Populations", "Work", "applied behavior analysis", "behavioral health", "behavioral health intervention", "behavioral phenotyping", "behavioral response", "care systems", "design", "effective intervention", "effectiveness evaluation", "effectiveness-implementation RCT", "effectiveness/implementation study", "evidence base", "experience", "functional disability", "health inequalities", "implementation science", "impression", "improved", "individuals with autism spectrum disorder", "innovation", "intervention delivery", "minimally verbal", "pandemic disease", "person centered", "programs", "psychosocial", "reinforced behavior", "screening", "severe intellectual disability", "social", "standardize measure", "telehealth", "treatment as usual", "virtual" ], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "12045", "attributes": { "award_id": "5F31MD016796-02", "title": "Identifying Vulnerable Communities for Infectious Disease Outbreaks", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (NIMHD)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 6121, "first_name": "Priscah", "last_name": "Mujuru", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2022-07-01", "end_date": "2024-06-30", "award_amount": 50194, "principal_investigator": { "id": 25501, "first_name": "Tuhina", "last_name": "Srivastava", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 232, "ror": "https://ror.org/00b30xv10", "name": "University of Pennsylvania", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "PA", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "The COVID-19 pandemic’s unequal toll on racial and ethnic minority groups in the United States underscored that vulnerable communities need unique attention from public health officials to address health disparities stemming from a cumulative history of injustices. Compared to white Americans, Black and Hispanic Americans as well as indigenous populations have increased odds of hospitalization and higher deaths rates due to COVID- 19. A rapid, focused public health response is necessary for future outbreak preparedness, especially among minority populations that are more vulnerable to disease. Artificial Intelligence (AI) has been used to predict potential disease outbreaks; however, machine learning (ML), a branch of AI, has yet to be broadly used in identifying vulnerable populations and underserved communities at risk for disease outbreaks and track heterogeneities in risks at the neighborhood level. Furthermore, while disease incidence is often calculated at a county or zip code level, understanding heterogeneities in risk among neighborhoods in community transmission of diseases requires a more granular geographic unit for analysis. To this end, epidemiologic, geospatial, and machine learning tools to rapidly and accurately identify vulnerable neighborhoods based on local needs will be imperative to achieve health equity during infectious disease outbreaks. In Aim 1, we will explore associations and trends between respiratory infectious disease incidence (ex. influenza, tuberculosis, pertussis, and COVID- 19), vaccination coverage (MMR, DTaP, HPV, and influenza), and socioeconomic disadvantage considering geography in Philadelphia. Area Deprivation Index and Social Vulnerability Index will be used to measure socioeconomic disadvantage. Poisson and linear regression models will be used to find associations between infectious disease incidence, low vaccination coverage, and social determinants of health. Bayesian spatial regression modeling will be used to assess the change in the proportion of vulnerable communities affected by infectious diseases and identify any gaps in vaccination coverage differentially by neighborhood-level factors. In Aim 2, we will train a geographic information system (GIS)-based ML model, fit to the aggregated geospatial disease, vaccination, and social determinants of health data from Aim 1, and test its predictive capability on Philadelphia COVID-19 case data. Our goal will be to assess the predictive capability of GIS-based ML models on identifying areas for public health intervention. This innovative research will help us predict neighborhoods at risk of future infectious disease outbreaks and aid in timely identification of vulnerable populations to guide public health resources, which would be very useful for emergency preparedness efforts for future infectious disease outbreaks. The accompanying training plan consists of both didactic and experiential learning opportunities, and will enable the applicant to develop the skills and experience necessary to become an independent investigator and applied epidemiologist in the field of infectious diseases.", "keywords": [ "Active Learning", "Address", "Affect", "Area", "Artificial Intelligence", "Attention", "Black American", "Black Populations", "Black race", "COVID-19", "COVID-19 outbreak", "COVID-19 pandemic", "COVID-19 risk", "COVID-19 susceptibility", "COVID-19 vaccination", "Censuses", "Communicable Diseases", "Communities", "Community Health", "County", "Data", "Data Set", "Death Rate", "Disadvantaged", "Disease", "Disease Outbreaks", "Educational Status", "Emergency Situation", "Epidemiologist", "Epidemiology", "Essential worker", "Ethnic Origin", "Future", "Geographic Distribution", "Geographic Information Systems", "Geography", "Goals", "Health", "Health Resources", "Heterogeneity", "Hispanic", "Hispanic Americans", "Hospitalization", "Housing", "Human Papillomavirus", "Incidence", "Income", "Indigenous", "Inequity", "Infection", "Influenza", "Latino", "Latino Population", "Linear Regressions", "Machine Learning", "Maps", "Measures", "Methods", "Minority Groups", "Modeling", "Native-Born", "Neighborhoods", "Occupational", "Pattern", "Persons", "Pertussis", "Philadelphia", "Population", "Populations at Risk", "Poverty", "Public Health", "Race", "Readiness", "Recommendation", "Recording of previous events", "Research", "Research Personnel", "Resource Allocation", "Respiratory Disease", "Respiratory Tract Infections", "Risk", "Risk Factors", "SARS-CoV-2 infection", "Testing", "Time", "Time trend", "Training", "Tuberculosis", "United States", "Vaccination", "Vaccines", "Validation", "Vulnerable Populations", "age group", "caucasian American", "community transmission", "cost", "data registry", "deprivation", "disease transmission", "disorder risk", "doctoral student", "economic indicator", "ethnic minority population", "experience", "future outbreak", "health care availability", "health data", "health disparity", "health equity", "hospitalization rates", "improved", "indexing", "inequitable distribution", "innovation", "machine learning algorithm", "machine learning method", "machine learning model", "neighborhood disadvantage", "novel", "outbreak concern", "outbreak preparedness", "people of color", "predictive modeling", "public health intervention", "racial minority population", "respiratory", "response", "risk prediction", "skills", "social determinants", "social health determinants", "social vulnerability", "socioeconomic disadvantage", "socioeconomics", "stem", "tool", "trend" ], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "12046", "attributes": { "award_id": "5F30AI172230-02", "title": "Evolution, transmission, and clinical impacts of SARS-CoV-2 variants among urban and rural populations", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 6243, "first_name": "BROOKE ALLISON", "last_name": "Bozick", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2022-07-01", "end_date": "2026-06-30", "award_amount": 39990, "principal_investigator": { "id": 26500, "first_name": "Cynthia Y", "last_name": "Tang", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 1049, "ror": "", "name": "UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI-COLUMBIA", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "MO", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), has resulted in over 5 million deaths worldwide. As the burdens of the pandemic in the United States (US) shift from urban to rural communities, preliminary studies suggest that rural populations suffer from higher disease severity and mortality rates than urban populations. However, even while 20% of the US population lives in a rural area and rural populations have known risk factors that differ from urban populations, the majority of COVID-19 research has primarily focused on large urban centers, and disease mitigation efforts in rural communities are largely informed by urban-centric data. Thus, it is urgently necessary to understand the evolution, spread, and clinical impacts of SARS-CoV-2 variants in rural areas and the disease interactions among urban and rural regions. However, limited clinical and genomic data, particularly from rural areas, are available, preventing us from fully understanding the disease dynamics of COVID-19. The objectives of this training grant are to determine how SARS-CoV-2 variants emerge and spread among urban and rural communities and to determine the virus, host, and population factors associated with clinical outcomes while training an MD-PhD student in advanced bioinformatics approaches, translational study design, and computational thinking to become an independent physician scientist. The Central Hypotheses are that SARS-CoV-2 variants arise in urban centers and spread into rural environments and that a synergistic set of virus, host, and population factors are associated with disease severity. To test our hypotheses, two specific aims are proposed to determine the genetic diversity and spread of SARS-CoV-2 variants among urban and rural regions (Aim 1) and to model clinical impacts of host, SARS-CoV-2 virus, and population factors (Aim 2). An existing and ongoing multi-year dataset that includes clinical information and whole genome sequencing of COVID-19-positive samples of individuals from urban and rural regions of Missouri will be used in both aims. This proposal is submitted in response to the NIAID Strategic Plan for COVID-19 Research Priority 1, “Assess functional consequences of newly emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants.” We expect the results from this study to support this priority in two ways: 1) We will determine the transmission patterns of SARS-CoV-2 variants between urban and rural communities, and 2) We will determine the clinical implications of existing and emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants as they interact with various other virus and host factors. The results from this project will improve the understanding of SARS-CoV-2 transmission dynamics and clinical impacts, particularly among rural populations, which will be important for the mitigation of COVID-19 and future pandemics.", "keywords": [ "2019-nCoV", "Algorithms", "Bayesian Analysis", "Bioinformatics", "COVID-19", "COVID-19 impact", "COVID-19 pandemic", "COVID-19 severity", "COVID-19 vaccination", "Catchment Area", "Cessation of life", "Cities", "Classification", "Clinical", "Clinical Data", "Data", "Data Set", "Disease", "Disease Outcome", "Economic Burden", "Epidemiologic Factors", "Epidemiology", "Evolution", "Fellowship", "Genetic Variation", "Genome", "Genomics", "Geographic Factor", "Geographic Information Systems", "Geography", "Goals", "Grant", "Healthcare", "Healthcare Systems", "Individual", "Integration Host Factors", "Knowledge", "Linear Regressions", "Machine Learning", "Medical center", "Midwestern United States", "Missouri", "Modeling", "Mutation", "National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease", "Outcome", "Patients", "Pattern", "Phylogenetic Analysis", "Physicians", "Population", "Property", "Research", "Research Design", "Research Priority", "Risk Factors", "Rural", "Rural Community", "Rural Population", "SARS-CoV-2 positive", "SARS-CoV-2 transmission", "SARS-CoV-2 variant", "Sampling", "Scientist", "Severity of illness", "Statistical Models", "Strategic Planning", "Testing", "Training", "United States", "Urban Community", "Urban Population", "Variant", "Viral Load result", "Virus", "Visualization", "care burden", "comorbidity", "comparative", "computational reasoning", "design", "doctoral student", "experience", "future pandemic", "genome sequencing", "genomic data", "improved", "information system analysis", "mortality", "multi-task learning", "nasopharyngeal swab", "novel", "pandemic disease", "pandemic response", "prevent", "response", "rural area", "rural counties", "rural disparities", "rural environment", "social structure", "socioeconomics", "translational approach", "translational study", "transmission process", "urban area", "whole genome" ], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "12047", "attributes": { "award_id": "5F30AI164803-02", "title": "The role of ion channels and transporters in B cell function", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 6125, "first_name": "Timothy A.", "last_name": "Gondre-Lewis", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2022-07-17", "end_date": "2025-07-16", "award_amount": 52694, "principal_investigator": { "id": 25592, "first_name": "Anthony", "last_name": "Tao", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 832, "ror": "", "name": "NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "NY", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "B cells are a central player in the humoral immune response, which is elicited by differentiated, antibody- producing B cell-types known as plasma cells (PCs). During viral infections such as influenza or SARS-CoV2, PCs produce antibodies that neutralize viral activity. Furthermore, PCs have been implicated in the pathogenesis of many autoimmune diseases, including multiple sclerosis (MS). Thus, the capacity to modulate B cell function, notably PC differentiation and activity, has broad clinical implications. The leading therapy for specific regulation of B cell function is a monoclonal antibody targeting CD20, leading to brash depletion of virtually all B cell subsets and resulting in various side effects. Thus, there is a clinical need for molecular targets that affect B cell function in more refined and precise manners. Ion channels and transporters (ICTs) mediate the flux of ions across the lipid bilayer, which can further regulate intracellular signaling. ICTs are desirable clinical targets because 1) many are surface proteins accessible to biologics and 2) multiple small-molecule ICT modulators have already been developed. Unfortunately, though substantive evidence exists that different ICTs can contribute to different aspects of B function, this intersection remains poorly investigated. To address this gap, I will leverage transcriptomic analyses and functional genomics, coupled with experimental validations. Based on an RNA-seq and a CRISPR screen, I came across SLC4A7, a Na+/HCO3- co-transporter known to regulate intracellular pH. Deletion of SLC4A7 in B cells selectively impaired PC differentiation in vitro and in vivo. In Aim 1, I will further characterize how SLC4A7 affects PC differentiation signaling pathways, intracellular pH, and the autophagy pathway. In Aim 2, I will determine how deletion of SLC4A7 in B cells affects the immune response against influenza infection as well as the pathogenesis of a murine model for MS. Overall, this project will elucidate novel mechanisms by which intracellular pH regulates PC differentiation and reveal a novel target (SLC4A7) with which B cell function can be modulated, especially in the context of MS.", "keywords": [ "2019-nCoV", "Acidity", "Address", "Adoptive Transfer", "Adverse effects", "Affect", "Antibodies", "Antibody-Producing Cells", "Antibody-mediated protection", "Antigens", "Apoptotic", "Attenuated", "Autoantibodies", "Autoimmune Diseases", "Autophagocytosis", "B cell therapy", "B-Cell Activation", "B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia", "B-Cell Development", "B-Lymphocyte Subsets", "B-Lymphocytes", "Bicarbonates", "Biological Products", "CRISPR screen", "Cardiovascular Diseases", "Cell Compartmentation", "Cell physiology", "Cells", "Cellular biology", "Clinical", "Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats", "Coupled", "Defect", "Disease", "Drug Targeting", "Erythrocytes", "Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis", "Genes", "Genetic Screening", "Guide RNA", "Hematopoietic stem cells", "Humoral Immunities", "Immune", "Immune System Diseases", "Immune response", "Immunize", "Immunoglobulin Class Switching", "Immunoglobulin Switch Recombination", "Immunology procedure", "Impairment", "In Vitro", "Infection", "Influenza", "Influenza A virus", "Ion Channel", "Ion Transport", "Ions", "Lipid Bilayers", "MS4A1 gene", "Mature B-Lymphocyte", "Measures", "Mediating", "Mediator", "Membrane Proteins", "Metabolic", "Modeling", "Molecular", "Molecular Target", "Monoclonal Antibodies", "Multiple Sclerosis", "Mus", "Neurology", "Outcome", "PRDM1 gene", "Pathogenesis", "Pathologic", "Pathway interactions", "Peripheral", "Physiological", "Plasma Cells", "Play", "Population Heterogeneity", "Production", "Proliferating", "Proteins", "Regulation", "Role", "Severities", "Sheep", "Signal Pathway", "Signal Transduction", "Specificity", "System", "Testing", "Vaccines", "Validation", "Viral", "Viral Physiology", "Virus Diseases", "antiviral immunity", "cell type", "druggable target", "extracellular", "forward genetics", "functional genomics", "humoral immunity deficiency", "immunoregulation", "in vivo", "influenza infection", "influenza virus strain", "mRNA Expression", "mammalian genome", "mouse model", "neutralizing antibody", "new therapeutic target", "novel", "novel drug class", "oligodendrocyte-myelin glycoprotein", "pharmacologic", "plasma cell differentiation", "reconstitution", "response", "retroviral transduction", "rituximab", "side effect", "small molecule", "symporter", "tositumomab", "transcriptome sequencing", "transcriptomics", "virtual" ], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "12048", "attributes": { "award_id": "5T03OH010637-10", "title": "The Environmental and Occupational Health Science Program at Western Kentucky University", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [], "start_date": "2022-07-01", "end_date": "2027-06-30", "award_amount": 198583, "principal_investigator": { "id": 26184, "first_name": "Ritchie D", "last_name": "Taylor", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 985, "ror": "https://ror.org/0446vnd56", "name": "Western Kentucky University", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "KY", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "Western Kentucky University offers undergraduate (B.S.) and graduate (M.S.) Environmental and Occupational Health Science (EOHS) Programs that are driven by the shortage of trained occupational safety and health (OSH) and environmental health and safety (EHS) professionals, in underserved regions of Kentucky, that will advance worker safety and health. These programs have dedicated regional support through the EOHS Advisory Board, industries, agencies, first responders, municipalities, schools, colleges, universities, and communities. The success rate of graduates from each program, the inclusion of underrepresented trainees, as well as the accreditation of the graduate program by the National Environmental Health Science and Protection Accreditation Council, has established the credibility of the institution to offer each curriculum. Both the undergraduate and graduate EOHS Programs are supported by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) through a Training Project Grant (TPG). A critical need in the region is to create a more diverse EOHS workforce, especially in underserved rural areas. Continuance of the WKU NIOSH TPG will assist in meeting this need and provide opportunities for innovative educational strategies relevant to contemporary work exposures, including the COVID-19 pandemic and the recent tornado disaster in Kentucky. The EOHS Bachelor of Science (B.S.) and Master of Science (M.S.) degree programs at WKU are comprehensive Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) programs built on education in basic and applied sciences, and specialized training in anticipation, recognition, evaluation, and control of workplace factors that may affect the health, well-being, and productivity of workers and the public. The overall educational objective is a multidisciplinary approach that provides students a comprehensive understanding of the chemical, biological, physical, and social factors or stressors in the occupational and natural environments that impact public health outcomes. Specifically, the NIOSH TPG will provide tuition scholarships and stipends, training opportunities through NIOSH ERCs, webinars, conferences, and development and delivery of a series of workshops to train six (6) undergraduate students and seven (7) graduate students, at minimum each project annum. Continued support of the WKU EOHS Programs will ensure opportunities and training that will promote expertise in the OSH, EHS, and associated fields in rural and underserved communities in Kentucky, and throughout the region.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "12049", "attributes": { "award_id": "5R01AI158314-02", "title": "Role and Mitigation of Inflammasomes and Inflammation During COVID-19", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 6626, "first_name": "Nancy", "last_name": "Vazquez-Maldonado", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2022-07-15", "end_date": "2027-06-30", "award_amount": 620359, "principal_investigator": { "id": 20871, "first_name": "Beverly H", "last_name": "Koller", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [ { "id": 817, "ror": "", "name": "UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "NC", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true } ] }, "other_investigators": [ { "id": 20872, "first_name": "Jenny P", "last_name": "Ting", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "awardee_organization": { "id": 817, "ror": "", "name": "UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "NC", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "The COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 has resulted in swift and catastrophic losses of human lives globally. Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is one of the most detrimental outcomes of COVID-19 infection that can lead to the rapid deterioration and death of patients. ARDS is primarily caused by the cytokine storm which unleashes a plethora of inflammatory cytokines during the late stages of COVID-19. The master cytokines that are thought to be responsible for much of the damage are interleukin 1 (IL-1), interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF). Currently two clinical trials have shown the efficacy of IL-1 inhibitor in COVID- 19 patients. However, in many cases, the mechanism and impact of these cytokines during SARS-CoV-2 infection are poorly understood. An in-depth mechanistic understanding of cytokine induction is important because this understanding will significantly impact the design and success of ARDS treatment. This application focuses on the role and mitigation of the inflammasome complex which leads to the proinflammatory cytokine, IL-1β, in ARDS. The inflammasome is a protein supramolecular structure that leads to caspase 1 activation, which then cleaves pro-IL-1β and pro-IL-18 to mature IL-1β and IL-18. In addition to the release of IL-1β and IL- 18, caspase 1 cleaves gasdermin D to cause inflammatory pyroptotic cell death, thus leading to a cascade of cell death and inflammation. The inflammasome is comprised of a receptor or sensor, with the most prominent ones represented by NLRP1, NLRP3, NLRP6, NLRC4 and AIM2. It also includes an adaptor molecule ASC (apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD), and the effector caspase-1. Each receptor or sensor can be activated by specific pathogen products called PAMPs or cell damage associated molecules called DAMPs. Single cell RNAseq data from COVID-19 patients show dramatic increases of inflammasome sensors in the bronchial alveolar lavage of severe COVID-19 patients. In addition, we find a bidirectional feed- forward loop of inflammasome activation and inflammatory cytokine induction involving myeloid cells and airway stromal cells. This proposal will test the hypothesis that this two way amplification loop is important in COVID- 19.", "keywords": [ "2019-nCoV", "Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome", "Agonist", "Alveolar", "Apoptosis", "Binding", "Biological Markers", "CASP1 gene", "COVID-19", "COVID-19 pandemic", "COVID-19 patient", "COVID-19/ARDS", "Caspase", "Cell Death", "Cells", "Cessation of life", "Clinical Trials", "Coculture Techniques", "Complex", "Conflict (Psychology)", "Dangerousness", "Data", "Deterioration", "Epithelial Cells", "Genes", "Genetic Transcription", "Human", "IL18 gene", "Immune", "Inflammasome", "Inflammation", "Inflammatory", "Inflammatory Response", "Interleukin-1", "Interleukin-1 beta", "Interleukin-6", "Irrigation", "Leukocytes", "Meta-Analysis", "Molecular", "Mus", "Myeloid Cells", "Outcome", "Pathway interactions", "Patients", "Pattern", "Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell", "Phase", "Post-Translational Protein Processing", "Potassium", "Process", "Production", "Proteins", "Reporting", "Role", "SARS-CoV-2 infection", "SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis", "Signal Transduction", "Stromal Cells", "Structure", "Structure of parenchyma of lung", "TNF gene", "Testing", "Urokinase Plasminogen Activator Receptor", "Virus", "airway epithelium", "anakinra", "cell injury", "chemokine", "cytokine", "cytokine release syndrome", "design", "in vivo", "inhibitor", "interleukin-1beta-converting enzyme inhibitor", "marenostrin", "member", "mortality", "pathogen", "randomized clinical trials", "receptor", "response", "sensor", "severe COVID-19", "single-cell RNA sequencing", "standard care", "success", "therapeutic target", "therapeutically effective", "thrombotic" ], "approved": true } } ], "meta": { "pagination": { "page": 1405, "pages": 1424, "count": 14236 } } }