Grant List
Represents Grant table in the DB
GET /v1/grants?page%5Bnumber%5D=1405&sort=-award_id
{ "links": { "first": "https://cic-apps.datascience.columbia.edu/v1/grants?page%5Bnumber%5D=1&sort=-award_id", "last": "https://cic-apps.datascience.columbia.edu/v1/grants?page%5Bnumber%5D=1424&sort=-award_id", "next": "https://cic-apps.datascience.columbia.edu/v1/grants?page%5Bnumber%5D=1406&sort=-award_id", "prev": "https://cic-apps.datascience.columbia.edu/v1/grants?page%5Bnumber%5D=1404&sort=-award_id" }, "data": [ { "type": "Grant", "id": "4805", "attributes": { "award_id": "1238362", "title": "2012 Rock Deformation Gordon Research Conference: Feedback Processes in Rock Deformation", "funder": { "id": 3, "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62", "name": "National Science Foundation", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "Unknown", "Tectonics" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [], "start_date": "2012-06-01", "end_date": "2013-05-31", "award_amount": 22505, "principal_investigator": { "id": 16662, "first_name": "Peter", "last_name": "Kelemen", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [ { "id": 226, "ror": "https://ror.org/05rad4t93", "name": "Gordon Research Conferences", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "RI", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true } ] }, "other_investigators": [ { "id": 16661, "first_name": "Nancy R", "last_name": "Gray", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "awardee_organization": { "id": 226, "ror": "https://ror.org/05rad4t93", "name": "Gordon Research Conferences", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "RI", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "This project provides funding for travel and registration support to U.S. based early-career professionals and students to attend the Gordon Research Conference \" Feedback Processes in Rock Deformation\", which will be held in Andover, NH from August 19-24, 2012. The Rock Deformation conference series highlights the latest research and future trends in brittle and ductile rock mechanics, with experimental, field and theoretical contributions. The broad goals are to assess the understanding of the nature and controls on rock strength, fracture, friction, ductile deformation, and both fluid and melt flow during natural tectonic loading. This particular conference focuses on feedback mechanisms, which are very important in controlling the rates and mechanisms of rock deformation. Positive feedbacks lead to accelerating rates, and commonly to spatial focusing whereas negative feedbacks commonly cause decelerating, spatially distributed deformation and reaction. Major topics addressed at this conference include: (1) mechanisms of failure in geological materials at high confining pressure; (2) fluid-assisted slip, earthquakes and fracture; (3) reaction-driven cracking; (4) localized fluid transport (feedbacks involving chemical reaction; mechanical feedbacks); and (5) dynamic triggering of earthquakes.\n\nThis conference addresses many cutting-edge frontier research topics in tectonics, geophysics, and related fields. The conference theme has special relevance for extraction of unconventional hydrocarbon resources, implementation of enhanced geothermal systems, geological carbon capture and storage, and understanding seismic hazards. The conference would promote the participation of students, early career scientists, and researchers from underrepresented groups in the earth sciences.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "4729", "attributes": { "award_id": "1232965", "title": "Organization of the 29th International Symposium on ShockWaves, Madison, WI, 7/19/2013 - 7/24/2013", "funder": { "id": 3, "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62", "name": "National Science Foundation", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "Engineering (ENG)", "FD-Fluid Dynamics" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [], "start_date": "2013-03-15", "end_date": "2014-02-28", "award_amount": 15000, "principal_investigator": { "id": 16386, "first_name": "Riccardo", "last_name": "Bonazza", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [ { "id": 263, "ror": "", "name": "University of Wisconsin-Madison", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "WI", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true } ] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 263, "ror": "", "name": "University of Wisconsin-Madison", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "WI", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "1232965\nBonazza\n\nThe funds will provide partial travel support to American graduate students and young scientists who will participate in the 29th International Symposium on Shock Waves. The meeting will be held at the Memorial Union of the University of Wisconsin-Madison from Sunday, July to 14 to Friday, July 19, 2013. There will be ten plenary lectures by national and international invited speakers. A total of 313 contributed papers have been submitted and they will be distributed among six parallel oral sessions in each of four daily periods, and a poster session. Oral sessions will include: Medical/Biological Applications; Industrial Applications; Blast Waves; Chemically Reacting Flows; Detonation and Combustion; Facilities; Flow Visualization; Hypersonic Flow; Impact and Compaction/Condensed Matter Physics; Ignition; Magnetohydrodynamics/Plasmas; Multiphase Flow; Nozzle Flow; Numerical Methods; Propulsion; Shock Waves and Rarefied Flows; Richtmyer-Meshkov Instability; Shock/Boundary Layer Interaction; Shock Propagation, Reflection; Shock Vortex Interaction. Some of the oral sessions will be reserved for a \"student competition\" whose winner will receive an award for best paper. The funds for the awards will be provided by the International Shock Wave Institute.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "4800", "attributes": { "award_id": "1230097", "title": "2012 Electron Backscatter Diffraction Topical Conference", "funder": { "id": 3, "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62", "name": "National Science Foundation", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "Geosciences (GEO)", "Instrumentation & Facilities" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 16645, "first_name": "David", "last_name": "Lambert", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2012-04-15", "end_date": "2013-03-31", "award_amount": 12000, "principal_investigator": { "id": 16646, "first_name": "Yoosuf", "last_name": "Picard", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 243, "ror": "", "name": "Carnegie-Mellon University", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "PA", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "This award will partially support a conference focused on Electron Backscatter Diffraction (EBSD) planned for June 19-21, 2012, at Carnegie Mellon University, under the sponsorship of the Microanalysis Society (MAS). EBSD is an important technique that utilizes the diffraction of high-energy electrons to determine the orientations of crystals in natural and synthetic materials. This approach has major applications in both material science and geology related to understanding everything from crystallization processes to microstructures that record material histories and affect material properties (such as strength and conductivity).\n\nThe previous two meetings of this type were held in the U.S. and occurred in May 2008\nand May 2010 at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. Both were extremely successful, where participation grew from ~100 to ~130. It brought together 25-36 students, 65-90 professionals, and 7-12 vendors to exchange information and experiences involving the EBSD technique. We will repeat the format with some modifications for EBSD 2012. The first day is an all-day tutorial aimed at beginners (students and others) who wish to get up to speed with this technique. In the afternoon, there will be more advanced tutorials for more experienced users. Throughout the session, attendees will have the opportunity to see live EBSD demonstrations by all four major EBSD vendors on CMU instruments. The next two days will consist of invited and contributed talks spanning various material science and geosciences topics: materials processing, nuclear materials for energy, high temperature/tectonics, strain, 3D reconstructions and high performance ceramics. These talks and a planned poster session will allow significant participant interaction. Students will particularly benefit from these interactions while also having the opportunity to present their research via oral or poster presentations.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "4835", "attributes": { "award_id": "1229679", "title": "MRI: Acquisition of a Portable Compact Doppler Wind and Aerosol Lidar for Research Enhancements in Boundary Layer Meteorology, Air Quality, and Cloud Physics", "funder": { "id": 3, "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62", "name": "National Science Foundation", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "Geosciences (GEO)", "Major Research Instrumentation" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 16793, "first_name": "Nicholas", "last_name": "Anderson", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2012-09-15", "end_date": "2014-08-31", "award_amount": 237128, "principal_investigator": { "id": 16796, "first_name": "Kevin", "last_name": "Knupp", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [ { "id": 1297, "ror": "https://ror.org/02zsxwr40", "name": "University of Alabama in Huntsville", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "AL", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true } ] }, "other_investigators": [ { "id": 16794, "first_name": "Michael J", "last_name": "Newchurch", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, { "id": 16795, "first_name": "Sundar", "last_name": "Christopher", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "awardee_organization": { "id": 1297, "ror": "https://ror.org/02zsxwr40", "name": "University of Alabama in Huntsville", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "AL", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "This work seeks to acquire a Compact Wind and Aerosol Lidar (CWAL) to enhance research activities in the general areas of atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) meteorology, air quality, and cloud physics. We will optimize the utilization of the CWAL by installing it on three different platforms, depending on the research application: (i) on the roof of University of Alabama-Huntsville (UAH)'s Cramer Hall, adjacent to an existing ozone differential absorption lidar (DIAL), where it will have an excellent view of the horizon in all directions; (ii) on top of a new van of the Mobile Integrated Profiling System (MIPS), where it will supplement and enhance measurements from other MIPS instruments; and (iii) on top of a smaller van, where it will serve as a highly mobile and independent CWAL lidar facility.\n\nIntellectual Merit: \nThe CWAL will enhance MIPS wind profile measurements by adding a high-resolution wind profiling capability within the surface layer below 130 m AGL, which the existing 915 MHz Doppler wind profiler does not sample. Likewise, the CWAL will provide co-registered vertical velocity and backscatter intensity measurements within the lower atmosphere that will facilitate interpretation of low-level ozone retrievals from the UAH ozone DIAL.\n\nIn addition to enhancing the measurement capabilities of the MIPS and ozone DIAL, research projects utilizing this equipment will improve understanding of: a) boundary layer processes, including convergent boundary zones, gravity wave phenomena, convective initiation and the impacts of ABL processes on tornadogenesis; b) boundary layer processes associated with the transport of ozone and mercury species between the ABL and free atmosphere, and the development of stratified ozone layers in the lower troposphere; c) variability of aerosols within the ABL and their impact on the atmosphere, including degradation of visibility; d) precipitation processes and drop size distributions within stratiform precipitation associated with MCS's, midlatitude cyclones, and tropical cyclones. The research group has acquired considerable experience (14-19 years) in maintaining, deploying and analyzing data from mobile profiling equipment, radars, and lidars for a wide variety of projects.\n\n\nBroader Impacts: \nWe anticipate that numerous atmospheric scientists and students within and outside of UAH will benefit from the CWAL, and enhanced capabilities of the MIPS and ozone\nDIAL. The comprehensive measurements (and the potential 24/7 capability) increase the probability of serendipitous discoveries, which is an important component in advancing science. The MIPS (or CWAL individually) will be available to the atmospheric science community as an advanced mobile atmospheric profiling platform. Profiling and scanning remote sensing instruments at UAH are used in graduate level courses to provide students with hands on experience in conducting scientific experiments involving instrument operation, experimental design, and analysis of data. Scientific research stemming from the CWAL will contribute to improvements in forecasting of convective imitation, severe storms, air quality (including ozone), and transport and dispersion characteristics (of potentially toxic materials) in heterogeneous (convective and nocturnal) boundary layers.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "4816", "attributes": { "award_id": "1229193", "title": "MRI: Acquisition of a Digital Particle Image Velocimetry System for Studying Fluid Flow Around Organismal, Robotic and Marine Structures", "funder": { "id": 3, "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62", "name": "National Science Foundation", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "Biological Sciences (BIO)", "Major Research Instrumentation" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 16711, "first_name": "Robert", "last_name": "Fleischmann", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2012-09-01", "end_date": "2013-08-31", "award_amount": 207028, "principal_investigator": { "id": 16715, "first_name": "Cheryl", "last_name": "Wilga", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [ { "id": 161, "ror": "https://ror.org/013ckk937", "name": "University of Rhode Island", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "RI", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true } ] }, "other_investigators": [ { "id": 16712, "first_name": "Donna M", "last_name": "Meyer", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, { "id": 16713, "first_name": "Susanne", "last_name": "Menden-Deuer", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, { "id": 16714, "first_name": "Jason", "last_name": "Dahl", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "awardee_organization": { "id": 161, "ror": "https://ror.org/013ckk937", "name": "University of Rhode Island", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "RI", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "Funds will be used to purchase a digital particle image velocimetry (DPIV) system that will enable students and researchers to visualize and quantify fluid flow around robotic biological, and marine structures using high-resolution video recordings. DPIV is an experimental technique for quantitatively visualizing fluid flow. The fluid medium is seeded with neutrally buoyant, reflective particles that are illuminated by a sheet of laser light. Particle movement is recorded by a camera, oriented perpendicular to the laser sheet. Vector fields are calculated by evaluating the cross-correlation between groups of particles in successive images. The requested DPIV system consists of a low-speed high-resolution camera (up to 30 frames/s, 1648x1214 pixel resolution, 512 MB onboard memory, 14-bit digital output, 7.4x7.4 µm pixels, LaVision Imager Pro X2M with PCII Frame Grabber), one high-speed high-resolution camera (1000 f/s at full resolution, up to 60,000 f/s at reduced resolution, 12 bit digital output, 2GB onboard memory, 1024x1024 pixel resolution, 17x17µm pixels, LaVision HighSpeedStar 3 GigE), and a high repetition laser (30 mJ/pulse @527nm at 1 kHz repetition rate, with integrated chiller). Camera lenses include a: 50 mm F/1.8 lens, 50mm F/1.4 lens, variable magnification 12X zoom Navitar lens, and a close-up zoom lens with an adaptor for microscopic use. Optics include an adjustable lens with focal length between 300-2000 mm, one -10 mm, and one -20 mm focal length lens with anti-reflection coating. Particles are near neutrally buoyant, reflective, hollow glass particles at a density of 15 mg/l. A camera is synchronized to record simultaneously with the laser through a timing unit managed by a control computer. A separate computer system runs each of the camera systems (low- and high-speed) and each system is capable of controlling the laser (quad-core processor PC, 2 GB Ram, 250 GB hard drive, RW DVD, 19\" monitor, software and camera interface, LaVision). DaVis v.7 software, consisting of processing routines for 2D PIV/PTV (Particle Tracking Velocimetry), is used for image acquisition, processing, and hardware control. DaVis software allows calculation of velocity vectors and derivatives of the flow field along with the visualization of streamlines, jets, vortices and other fluid structures. The kinematics of flow structures are derived by compiling the images over time using ProAnalyst software for digitizing and 2D structure design. Quantitative flow visualization performed in specific projects will include characterizing fluid flow around shark fins, analyzing advective effects on plankton swimming and distributions, calculating friction and drag forces on SONAR components, characterizing flow separation on underwater vehicles and unsteady renewable energy devices, and determining drag effects due to biofilm formation and biofouling onsurfaces submerged in marine environments.\n\nThe quantitative characterization of fluid flows is of fundamental importance in both natural and engineered systems, where the motion of fluid affects the morphology, function and ecology of organisms and determines the forces exerted on marine structures. The requested system is designed to enable experiments ranging from microscopic to macroscopic length scales, in a range of fluid flow regimes and supports research in engineering, life sciences and oceanography. The DPIV system will enable research projects studying the flow around robotic, marine structures, sonar components and biological systems ranging from bacteria and plankton to sharks. An interdisciplinary team including biologists, engineers and oceanographers at URI, Providence College, and Roger Williams University proposed an exciting set of research projects that examine the role of fluid flow in (1) the fluid flow around shark fins, (2) fluid effects on propulsion and predator prey interactions of gelatinous zooplankton, (3) fluid effects on the ecology and distribution of planktonic organisms, (4) tribological studies of friction and drag on SONR components, 5) drag and energy loss due to microbial growth on surfaces submerged in marine environments, and (6) local flow detection for feedback control of underwater vehicles and renewable energy devices. Acquisition of the DPIV system provides critical capabilities that strengthen RI higher education institutions' competitiveness in research and education. The system will be used in undergraduate and graduate courses and both undergraduate and graduate students and postdoctoral researchers will be trained to use the DPIV system in their research. Students benefit from this hands-on learning approach that relies on integrating basic scientific disciplines with mathematical and analytical approaches in a practical and intuitive manner.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "4820", "attributes": { "award_id": "1228495", "title": "Collaborative Research: Scientific Program Overview--Convective Transport of Active Species in the Tropics (CONTRAST)", "funder": { "id": 3, "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62", "name": "National Science Foundation", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "Geosciences (GEO)", "Atmospheric Chemistry" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 16738, "first_name": "Sylvia", "last_name": "Edgerton", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2012-09-01", "end_date": "2013-08-31", "award_amount": 9726, "principal_investigator": { "id": 16739, "first_name": "Ross", "last_name": "Salawitch", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [ { "id": 297, "ror": "https://ror.org/047s2c258", "name": "University of Maryland, College Park", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "MD", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true } ] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 297, "ror": "https://ror.org/047s2c258", "name": "University of Maryland, College Park", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "MD", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "This project will measure the transport of reactive chemical species into the tropical Tropopause Transition Layer (TTL) over the Western Pacific warm pool region during boreal winter when tropospheric air masses in this region are preferentially transported into the lower stratosphere. The sources, chemical evolution, and transport of trace gases and their degradation products in this region can substantially impact the chemistry of the lower stratosphere but, to date, relatively few measurements have been made and, consequently, our understanding of and ability to predict the associated processes and feedbacks are uncertain. The extremely low ozone concentrations measured with ozonesondes are expected to result in very low levels of OH radicals and, thus, longer lifetimes for reactive gases whose primary sinks are oxidation pathways involving OH. The simultaneous occurrence of deep convection and prolonged lifetime of organic compounds in the TTL can significantly impact the stratospheric halogen budget. Because the chemical and radiative properties of this region are key factors in the mechanisms that link atmospheric composition and climate forcing, the CONTRAST experiment will provide measurements necessary to diagnose, constrain, and improve chemistry-climate models. A suite of gases, particles, and meteorological parameters will be measured in situ from the NSF GV aircraft and interpreted to elucidate the roles of active convection and long-range transport on the vertically resolved chemical composition of the tropical atmosphere particularly in the altitude region that dominates convective outflow (12-14 km). Moreover, CONTRAST will be scheduled and coordinated in collaboration with two other airborne studies planned for the same time and geographic location: The NASA EV1 project ATTREX (Airborne Tropical Tropopause Experiment) and the European CAST (Coordinated Airborne Studies in the Tropics). With complementary instrument payloads, coordinated flights of the GV, the NASA Global Hawk, and the UK Bae146 will provide an unprecedented examination of the full atmospheric column, from surface to >19 km, over the tropical western Pacific Ocean.\n\nThe unique suite of benchmark measurements under the auspices of CONTRAST will improve fundamental understanding of convective transport processes in the tropics and our ability to model the role of deep convection in chemistry-climate interactions. The project will train students in atmospheric chemistry who are directly involved in the deployment and subsequent data analysis and modeling activities. Broader education and outreach activities will be developed using web-based tools and media.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "4834", "attributes": { "award_id": "1226494", "title": "RUI: Landscape-scale Implications of Mineral Reaction Rates and Mechanisms in Tropical Soils: Insights from Soil Chronosequences and Synthesis Experiments", "funder": { "id": 3, "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62", "name": "National Science Foundation", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "Geosciences (GEO)", "Geobiology & Low-Temp Geochem" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 16787, "first_name": "Enriqueta", "last_name": "Barrera", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2012-09-15", "end_date": "2016-08-31", "award_amount": 137580, "principal_investigator": { "id": 16788, "first_name": "Peter", "last_name": "Ryan", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [ { "id": 1345, "ror": "https://ror.org/0217hb928", "name": "Middlebury College", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "VT", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true } ] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 1345, "ror": "https://ror.org/0217hb928", "name": "Middlebury College", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "VT", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "Tropical soils are not uniformly kaolinite-rich and nutrient-depleted, and this project aims to examine rates and mechanisms of mineral reactions (and associated chemical changes) that occur with maturation of tropical soils. Ultimately, pronounced leaching of base cations and silica drives humid tropical soil solutions towards a nutrient-poor, low pH, Al-rich composition that favors crystallization of kaolinite; however, data of the Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations indicate that 65 % of tropical soils do not fit this end-member Oxisol state. Pedogenic Fe-smectite (S) forms in many tropical soils as a metastable precursor to kaolinite (K), and a recent study of a humid tropical soil sequence by the PI and collaborator in Costa Rica indicates that the transformation of S to K occurs over time spans on the order of about 100,000 years via intermediate kaolinite-smectite (K-S) phases. The reaction occurs on a layer-by-layer basis, and the preservation of S layers within K-S crystals enables Al to be sequestered in expandable S interlayers, thus limiting plant-toxic Al in solution. Furthermore, the cation exchange capacity of K-S is about 5 times greater than K, further underscoring the need to better constrain these reactions. Accordingly, this project seeks to test the hypothesis that humid tropical soils, regardless of mean annual precipitation (MAP), undergo step-wise transformation from S to K-S before ultimately producing K. This hypothesis will be tested by examining the roles of time and climate (as MAP) on the rates and mechanisms of the S to K-S to K reaction in soil chronosequences from three separate climate zones along the Pacific coast of Costa Rica. Preliminary data indicate that rate is positively correlated to MAP. Mineral reaction mechanisms will also be examined by carrying out synthesis reactions where solution composition and time are controlled. \nMiddlebury College is a residential liberal arts college with a long tradition of involving students in hands-on, experiential research. This is particularly true in the Geology Department, which over many decades has cultivated a critical-thinking, problem-oriented curriculum that includes a required year-long senior thesis. Positive demographic changes in the Geology Dept provide a much greater opportunity for this and all projects in the department to extend to typically underrepresented students. Graduating geology majors from the classes of 2008 to 2013 are comprised of 15 % (8/53) American students of color, whereas the geology majors from 2000 to 2007 consisted of less than 2 % American students of color (1/65). Female students comprise 46 % of geology majors over the past 15 years, and in the classes of 2012 and 2013 combined, 13/19 students are female. 15% of Middlebury geology theses result in co-authored publications with faculty, and 50 % of Middlebury geology majors attend graduate school, so these demographic shifts present the opportunity to add diversity to the broader geologic community. Thus, this project will target a diverse group of students in a strong program with a proven record of success in undergraduate research. The project also has an international undergraduate scope, which includes a field excursion to the Osa Peninsula to do field work with University of Costa Rica (UCR) geologist Guillermo Alvarado and undergraduate students from UCR and Middlebury College, as well as analytical and experimental research at the Instituto Andaluz de Ciencias de la Tierra in Granada Spain, where the PI and students will collaborate on detailed mineralogical and geochemical analysis of tropical soils.\nThe NSF Office of International Science and Engineering contributed to the international component of this project.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "4804", "attributes": { "award_id": "1217590", "title": "SHF:Small: Solving the Problem of Scalable Multi-Precision Matrix Arithmetic on GPUs", "funder": { "id": 3, "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62", "name": "National Science Foundation", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "Computer and Information Science and Engineering (CISE)", "Software & Hardware Foundation" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 16659, "first_name": "Almadena", "last_name": "Chtchelkanova", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2012-06-01", "end_date": "2016-05-31", "award_amount": 450000, "principal_investigator": { "id": 16660, "first_name": "Charles", "last_name": "Weems", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 200, "ror": "https://ror.org/0072zz521", "name": "University of Massachusetts Amherst", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "MA", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "Computers directly support arithmetic that is typically limited to 64 bits (about 19 decimal digits) of precision. Applications that need more precision must implement arithmetic through computationally expensive software. Beyond about 256 bits of precision, such calculations become quite costly. The RSA encryption algorithm, for example, can require arithmetic with up to 4096 bits of precision. Applications in areas such as experimental mathematics and number theory can require millions of bits of precision. One multiplication with 10 million bits of precision can take a tenth of a second to compute on a modern processor, which means that matrix arithmetic using such large values can take days to weeks to execute. In previous work the investigators have shown that it is possible to obtain a factor of 20 improvement in performance by utilizing the parallel processing capabilities of a commodity graphics processing unit (GPU) in place of the traditional CPU. However, programming a GPU to achieve this level of performance is quite difficult, and the resulting code requires considerable hand-tuning to move it to new generations of GPU and gain the advantage of their performance, which is scaling up at a rate that exceeds CPU performance scaling.\n\nThis project is working to develop a framework that automatically generates and tunes multi-precision arithmetic libraries to execute on successive generations of GPUs. The libraries include both scalar and basic matrix arithmetic routines. They support scaling in precision as well as matrix size. The problem is challenging because different parallel algorithms must be automatically selected for different levels of precision, which must be balanced with the exploitation of the alternate dimension of parallelism inherent in matrix arithmetic. In addition, the work seeks to employ distributed parallelism across a cluster of computers enhanced with GPUs, so that the libraries can be used on a new generation of GPU-based supercomputers that is beginning to be deployed at national laboratories. \n\nThe work is significant because it enables easier exploitation of low-cost commodity graphics processors to achieve more than an order of magnitude increase in performance for multi-precision scalar and matrix arithmetic. One important application is enhancing performance of RSA encryption to support longer, more secure keys, at greater data rates, so that it becomes feasible to encrypt greater volumes of internet traffic. Another important use is experimental mathematics, where computationally expensive functions (e.g., integrals, infinite series) are computed at high precision and compared to other functions and high precision constants to help identify more efficient closed-form solutions. Results from experimental mathematics have found applications in particle physics, chaos theory, and calculation of fundamental constants. The resulting software framework offers a significant performance enhancement for multi-precision arithmetic to systems that range from individual researcher workstations to large supercomputers.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "4836", "attributes": { "award_id": "1217575", "title": "Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grant: Prehistoric Upland Use in the Central Alaska Range", "funder": { "id": 3, "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62", "name": "National Science Foundation", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "Unknown", "ASSP-Arctic Social Science" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [], "start_date": "2012-09-15", "end_date": "2014-08-31", "award_amount": 29255, "principal_investigator": { "id": 16801, "first_name": "Frank", "last_name": "Goebel", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [ { "id": 342, "ror": "https://ror.org/01f5ytq51", "name": "Texas A&M University", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "TX", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true } ] }, "other_investigators": [ { "id": 16800, "first_name": "John C", "last_name": "Blong", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "awardee_organization": { "id": 342, "ror": "https://ror.org/01f5ytq51", "name": "Texas A&M University", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "TX", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "This is a dissertation improvement grant award. Under the supervision of Dr. Ted Goebel, Mr. John Blong will conduct his doctoral research in the central Alaska Range, undertaking a study of human use of upland landscapes from earliest colonization to less than 1,000 years ago. The primary focus of this project is to explain the timing, environmental context, and nature of human colonization of the uplands, and to explore how the environment and use of upland landscapes changed throughout prehistory. This project will be the first comprehensive study of human upland adaptations in central Alaska. There are several models describing human use of the uplands, but there has been no focused exploration of upland settlement and land-use strategies. The study area for conducting this research is the upper Susitna River basin, where a pilot study resulted in the location of 19 new archaeological sites, two of which have been radiocarbon dated, with cultural components spanning the early through late Holocene. \n\nFive specific objectives drive this research: (1) to establish the paleoenvironmental history, and (2) record of human occupation of upland landscapes of the upper Susitna River basin, (3) to reconstruct lithic technological activities carried out over time in the uplands of the central Alaska Range basin, from initial colonization to less than 1,000 years ago, (4) to interpret technological-organization strategies carried out in the uplands of the central Alaska Range, especially as they relate to subsistence/settlement organization, and (5) to put the upper Susitna basin study area in the greater context of the prehistoric record of central Alaska. To address these objectives, the proposed research will include reconstruction of the paleoenvironmental context of human activity through pollen coring and analysis, archaeological survey and testing, and lithic analysis of assemblages recovered from fieldwork and from eight previously known archaeological sites in the central Alaska Range.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "4785", "attributes": { "award_id": "1216660", "title": "\"Weyl Law at 100\"", "funder": { "id": 3, "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62", "name": "National Science Foundation", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "Unknown", "ANALYSIS PROGRAM" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [], "start_date": "2012-09-01", "end_date": "2013-08-31", "award_amount": 12002, "principal_investigator": { "id": 16602, "first_name": "Maciej", "last_name": "Zworski", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [ { "id": 176, "ror": "", "name": "University of California-Berkeley", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "CA", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true } ] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 176, "ror": "", "name": "University of California-Berkeley", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "CA", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "Abstract (Zworski, 1216660)\n\nThis award provides funding to help defray the expenses of participants, especially women, graduate students, postdocs, and junior faculty, in the \"The Weyl Law at 100\" conference that will be held from September 19--22, 2012, at the Fields Institute for Research in Mathematical Sciences in Toronto, Canada. In 1912 Hermann Weyl published his paper establishing the Weyl law which gives the leading asymptotic description for the counting function of eigenvalues of the Dirichlet or Neumann Laplacian on a bounded domain in the Euclidean space. He later conjectured the form of the second term in asymptotics of the counting functions. After contributions by \nmany mathematicians, among them, Courant, Hilbert, Agranovitch, Levitan, Hormander, Seeley, Duistermaat, Guillemin, Melrose and Sjostrand, the Weyl conjecture was solved by Ivrii in 1982. The workshop is intended as a forward-looking celebration of the 100th anniversary of Weyl's paper. Among the directions to be explored are the (conjectured) connection between random matrix theory and \nhigh energy distribution of differences between eigenvalues, probabilistic Weyl laws for non-self-adjoint \noperators, distribution of scattering resonances and fractal Weyl laws, and physical experiments related to quantum chaos and inverse problems. \n\nAll of the conference topics are central to analysis and are extremely active areas of research. The conference will bring together a broad spectrum of accomplished researchers thereby providing ample opportunities to develop collaborative interactions, and the format \nof the meeting is such that young people will have ample opportunities to speak and be otherwise engaged in the various conference activities.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } } ], "meta": { "pagination": { "page": 1405, "pages": 1424, "count": 14236 } } }