Represents Grant table in the DB

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    "data": [
        {
            "type": "Grant",
            "id": "4855",
            "attributes": {
                "award_id": "1101600",
                "title": "China/U.S. Symposium for the Advancement of Earthquake Sciences and Hazard Mitigation Practices; held October 19-21, 2010 in Beijing, China.",
                "funder": {
                    "id": 3,
                    "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62",
                    "name": "National Science Foundation",
                    "approved": true
                },
                "funder_divisions": [
                    "Engineering (ENG)",
                    "NEES RESEARCH"
                ],
                "program_reference_codes": [],
                "program_officials": [
                    {
                        "id": 16865,
                        "first_name": "Joy",
                        "last_name": "Pauschke",
                        "orcid": null,
                        "emails": "",
                        "private_emails": "",
                        "keywords": null,
                        "approved": true,
                        "websites": null,
                        "desired_collaboration": null,
                        "comments": null,
                        "affiliations": []
                    }
                ],
                "start_date": "2010-11-15",
                "end_date": "2011-10-31",
                "award_amount": 29998,
                "principal_investigator": {
                    "id": 16866,
                    "first_name": "Jay",
                    "last_name": "Berger",
                    "orcid": null,
                    "emails": "",
                    "private_emails": "",
                    "keywords": null,
                    "approved": true,
                    "websites": null,
                    "desired_collaboration": null,
                    "comments": null,
                    "affiliations": [
                        {
                            "id": 1348,
                            "ror": "https://ror.org/03v188q73",
                            "name": "Earthquake Engineering Research Institute",
                            "address": "",
                            "city": "",
                            "state": "CA",
                            "zip": "",
                            "country": "United States",
                            "approved": true
                        }
                    ]
                },
                "other_investigators": [],
                "awardee_organization": {
                    "id": 1348,
                    "ror": "https://ror.org/03v188q73",
                    "name": "Earthquake Engineering Research Institute",
                    "address": "",
                    "city": "",
                    "state": "CA",
                    "zip": "",
                    "country": "United States",
                    "approved": true
                },
                "abstract": "This award provides travel support to China for five U.S. academic researchers and two Earthquake Engineering Research Institute (EERI) representatives on the twenty-one member U.S. team to participate in the first China/USA Symposium for the Advancement of Earthquake Sciences and Hazard Mitigation Practices.  This symposium is in response to a request from the President of the Chinese Academy of Sciences to conduct a joint scientific exchange on earthquake hazard mitigation with invited U.S. expertise. The one-day symposium in Beijing, China and two-day field trip to the epicentral area of the 2008 M7.9 Wenchuan, China earthquake will be held from 19 to 21 October 2010. Two days of informal meetings with key Chinese government agencies and researchers working in earthquake-related fields will be held during the week of the symposium/field trip. The symposium/field trip is co-sponsored by EERI and the Chinese Chamber of Commerce of Hawaii.  EERI will administer the travel grant, coordinate travel arrangements, and handle all administrative procedures involved. \n\nBroader Impacts: The symposium will advance earthquake sciences and hazard mitigation practices in both China and the U.S., establish a baseline of state of the art earthquake engineering practices, and identify areas for future research of common interest, while enhancing cooperation and mutual understanding between the two countries.\n\nIntellectual Merit: In this symposium, expert earthquake scientists, engineers, and hazard mitigation practitioners from China and the U.S. will meet and collaborate to identify and discuss the approaches and research taken by both countries to address common issues in earthquake hazard mitigation. This first meeting will help identify areas of future research and facilitate a continuing exchange of useful scientific, engineering, and planning knowledge and experience that could lead to safer buildings and reduced casualties in future earthquakes. The symposium and related meeting functions enable a multi-disciplinary team from the U.S. to interact with a very broad range of Chinese officials and researchers in the key ministries, universities, and institutes dealing with earthquake research, development of codes and standards, planning, hazard mitigation, and disaster response and recovery policies.",
                "keywords": [],
                "approved": true
            }
        },
        {
            "type": "Grant",
            "id": "4803",
            "attributes": {
                "award_id": "1101308",
                "title": "INDIVIDUAL: Increasing the Number of African American PhDs in Materials Science and Engineering",
                "funder": {
                    "id": 3,
                    "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62",
                    "name": "National Science Foundation",
                    "approved": true
                },
                "funder_divisions": [
                    "Education and Human Resources (EHR)",
                    "PAESMEM Pres Awrds Excell Ment"
                ],
                "program_reference_codes": [],
                "program_officials": [
                    {
                        "id": 16654,
                        "first_name": "Martha",
                        "last_name": "James",
                        "orcid": null,
                        "emails": "",
                        "private_emails": "",
                        "keywords": null,
                        "approved": true,
                        "websites": null,
                        "desired_collaboration": null,
                        "comments": null,
                        "affiliations": []
                    }
                ],
                "start_date": "2012-04-15",
                "end_date": "2014-03-31",
                "award_amount": 25000,
                "principal_investigator": {
                    "id": 16655,
                    "first_name": "Shaik",
                    "last_name": "Jeelani",
                    "orcid": null,
                    "emails": "",
                    "private_emails": "",
                    "keywords": null,
                    "approved": true,
                    "websites": null,
                    "desired_collaboration": null,
                    "comments": null,
                    "affiliations": []
                },
                "other_investigators": [],
                "awardee_organization": {
                    "id": 569,
                    "ror": "https://ror.org/0137n4m74",
                    "name": "Tuskegee University",
                    "address": "",
                    "city": "",
                    "state": "AL",
                    "zip": "",
                    "country": "United States",
                    "approved": true
                },
                "abstract": "Dr. Shaik Jeelani has served at Tuskegee University (TU)for more than 36 years as Professor of Mechanical Engineering, Associate Dean and Interim Dean of Engineering and Architecture, and Vice President for Research and Sponsored Programs.  He spearheaded the development of TU's first Ph.D. program in Materials Science and Engineering, which was launched in 1998.  He recruited, mentored and graduated 19 Ph.D. students through this program within a short period, contributing to TU becoming the largest producer of African American Ph.D.s in Materials Science and Engineering.  Tuskegee University is also well known for its innovative K-12 programs, all designed and implemented by Dr. Jeelani.  He has won numerous awards including the United Negro College Professor of the Year Award, the 1996 Outstanding Contribution for Mentoring Award by the National Association of Minority Engineering Program Administrators, and the 2001 Global Messenger Award for mentoring K-12 students and teachers.  The Southeastern Consortium for Minorities in Engineering (SECME) established an award in Dr. Jeelani's name, entitled \"The Shaik Jeelani Selfless Service Award,\" which is presented each year to a SECME constituent who goes beyond the call of duty in providing effective mentoring for students.",
                "keywords": [],
                "approved": true
            }
        },
        {
            "type": "Grant",
            "id": "5136",
            "attributes": {
                "award_id": "1101134",
                "title": "South Eastern Analysis Meeting, SEAM 27",
                "funder": {
                    "id": 3,
                    "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62",
                    "name": "National Science Foundation",
                    "approved": true
                },
                "funder_divisions": [
                    "Unknown",
                    "ANALYSIS PROGRAM"
                ],
                "program_reference_codes": [],
                "program_officials": [],
                "start_date": "2010-11-15",
                "end_date": "2011-10-31",
                "award_amount": 36500,
                "principal_investigator": {
                    "id": 18284,
                    "first_name": "Scott",
                    "last_name": "McCullough",
                    "orcid": null,
                    "emails": "",
                    "private_emails": "",
                    "keywords": null,
                    "approved": true,
                    "websites": null,
                    "desired_collaboration": null,
                    "comments": null,
                    "affiliations": [
                        {
                            "id": 158,
                            "ror": "https://ror.org/02y3ad647",
                            "name": "University of Florida",
                            "address": "",
                            "city": "",
                            "state": "FL",
                            "zip": "",
                            "country": "United States",
                            "approved": true
                        }
                    ]
                },
                "other_investigators": [
                    {
                        "id": 18282,
                        "first_name": "Wing Suet",
                        "last_name": "Li",
                        "orcid": null,
                        "emails": "",
                        "private_emails": "",
                        "keywords": null,
                        "approved": true,
                        "websites": null,
                        "desired_collaboration": null,
                        "comments": null,
                        "affiliations": []
                    },
                    {
                        "id": 18283,
                        "first_name": "Michael T",
                        "last_name": "Jury",
                        "orcid": null,
                        "emails": "",
                        "private_emails": "",
                        "keywords": null,
                        "approved": true,
                        "websites": null,
                        "desired_collaboration": null,
                        "comments": null,
                        "affiliations": []
                    }
                ],
                "awardee_organization": {
                    "id": 158,
                    "ror": "https://ror.org/02y3ad647",
                    "name": "University of Florida",
                    "address": "",
                    "city": "",
                    "state": "FL",
                    "zip": "",
                    "country": "United States",
                    "approved": true
                },
                "abstract": "This award provides support to defray expenses of participants in the 27th edition of the South Eastern Analysis Meeting (SEAM) on the campus of the University of Florida, March 17 through March 19, 2011. The SEAM conferences bring together both experienced and junior researchers, including graduate students, and postdocs to discuss recent work and advances in operator theory and function theory and related subjects, including their applications and connections to other areas of mathematics such as operator algebras, engineering systems and scattering theory, control theory, several complex variables, semi-algebraic geometry, and optimization. The purpose of this meeting is to disseminate and exchange the latest ideas and developments in the vibrant and active areas of operator theory and function theory and related subjects while encouraging the participation and professional development of both junior members of the operator theory community and members of groups underrepresented in mathematics. The program consists of plenary talks by leaders both senior and junior and twenty minute contributed talks. The contributed talks are hallmark of SEAM and many are given by younger mathematicians.\n\nIn accordance with SEAM tradition, priority for funding and speaking opportunities will be given to graduate students and other young researchers as well as members of groups underrepresented in mathematics. The professional development and integration of a diverse group of researchers into the analysis community are anticipated impacts of the project. Scientifically, there is potential for advances in function theory and operator theory and their related disciplines and areas of application in mathematics and its client disciplines.",
                "keywords": [],
                "approved": true
            }
        },
        {
            "type": "Grant",
            "id": "4861",
            "attributes": {
                "award_id": "1065975",
                "title": "Support for Participation of Young Scientists in the 2011 Linear Collider Workshop of the Americas, March 19-23, 2011 at University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon.",
                "funder": {
                    "id": 3,
                    "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62",
                    "name": "National Science Foundation",
                    "approved": true
                },
                "funder_divisions": [
                    "Unknown",
                    "HEP-High Energy Physics"
                ],
                "program_reference_codes": [],
                "program_officials": [],
                "start_date": "2011-03-01",
                "end_date": "2012-02-29",
                "award_amount": 7500,
                "principal_investigator": {
                    "id": 16886,
                    "first_name": "James",
                    "last_name": "Brau",
                    "orcid": null,
                    "emails": "",
                    "private_emails": "",
                    "keywords": null,
                    "approved": true,
                    "websites": null,
                    "desired_collaboration": null,
                    "comments": null,
                    "affiliations": [
                        {
                            "id": 380,
                            "ror": "",
                            "name": "University of Oregon Eugene",
                            "address": "",
                            "city": "",
                            "state": "OR",
                            "zip": "",
                            "country": "United States",
                            "approved": true
                        }
                    ]
                },
                "other_investigators": [],
                "awardee_organization": {
                    "id": 380,
                    "ror": "",
                    "name": "University of Oregon Eugene",
                    "address": "",
                    "city": "",
                    "state": "OR",
                    "zip": "",
                    "country": "United States",
                    "approved": true
                },
                "abstract": "This award will provide partial support for junior physicists to participate in the 2011 Linear Collider Workshop of the Americas which will be held on the University of Oregon - Eugene campus March 19 - 23, 2011. This meeting is the joint meeting of the Global Design Effort (GDE) and the physics and detector community, led by the American Linear Collider Physics Group (ALCPG). The event will include plenary and parallel sessions covering topics of importance to accelerator and detector development as well as physics results from the LHC. Attendance by junior members of the community is a priority for this meeting. Requests for financial support will be solicited from young scientists throughout the United States. A committee of senior scientists will review and select the most promising young candidates, paying close attention to diversity and providing opportunities for under-represented groups.",
                "keywords": [],
                "approved": true
            }
        },
        {
            "type": "Grant",
            "id": "4899",
            "attributes": {
                "award_id": "1060208",
                "title": "Origin of Millennial-scale Climate Signals in the Northwestern Subtropical Atlantic",
                "funder": {
                    "id": 3,
                    "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62",
                    "name": "National Science Foundation",
                    "approved": true
                },
                "funder_divisions": [
                    "Geosciences (GEO)",
                    "Marine Geology and Geophysics"
                ],
                "program_reference_codes": [],
                "program_officials": [
                    {
                        "id": 17637,
                        "first_name": "Candace",
                        "last_name": "Major",
                        "orcid": null,
                        "emails": "",
                        "private_emails": "",
                        "keywords": null,
                        "approved": true,
                        "websites": null,
                        "desired_collaboration": null,
                        "comments": null,
                        "affiliations": []
                    }
                ],
                "start_date": "2011-08-01",
                "end_date": "2013-10-31",
                "award_amount": 166976,
                "principal_investigator": {
                    "id": 17638,
                    "first_name": "Katharina",
                    "last_name": "Billups",
                    "orcid": null,
                    "emails": "",
                    "private_emails": "",
                    "keywords": null,
                    "approved": true,
                    "websites": null,
                    "desired_collaboration": null,
                    "comments": null,
                    "affiliations": [
                        {
                            "id": 442,
                            "ror": "https://ror.org/01sbq1a82",
                            "name": "University of Delaware",
                            "address": "",
                            "city": "",
                            "state": "DE",
                            "zip": "",
                            "country": "United States",
                            "approved": true
                        }
                    ]
                },
                "other_investigators": [],
                "awardee_organization": {
                    "id": 442,
                    "ror": "https://ror.org/01sbq1a82",
                    "name": "University of Delaware",
                    "address": "",
                    "city": "",
                    "state": "DE",
                    "zip": "",
                    "country": "United States",
                    "approved": true
                },
                "abstract": "The question of whether millennial-scale climate changes are related to changes in the Earth's orbit (and thus the timing and distribution of solar influence on the Earth's surface) is decades old, but remains the subject of debate in the climate change science community. This research, led by a scientist at the University of Delaware, investigates how short-term climate variability evolved as the periodicity of orbital precession has changed through the Pleistocene, focusing on the last 900,000 years. The central hypothesis is that millennial-scale climate signals in the northwestern subtropical Atlantic are linked to external driving factors, specifically the fourth harmonic of precession. If tropical insolation forcing controls millennial-scale variability, then there should be a reduction in the spectral power of the fourth harmonic (4,800 year) peak as the 19,000 year precession frequency disappears after about 340,000 years ago. \n\nAs a prerequisite for testing the hypothesis, the work will fill a key gap in the stable oxygen isotope record from the Blake-Bahama Outer Ridge, completing a 1.4 million year long planktonic foraminifer stable isotope record from the Blake Outer Ridge. This fulfills a primary objective of Ocean Drilling Program Leg 172.  \n\nIn terms of broader impacts, the research will provide important information about natural climate variability, and results will be disseminated through public presentations by the lead scientist. Funding also supports a Master's degree student.",
                "keywords": [],
                "approved": true
            }
        },
        {
            "type": "Grant",
            "id": "4860",
            "attributes": {
                "award_id": "1056387",
                "title": "CAREER:Singularities and singularity models in curvature flows",
                "funder": {
                    "id": 3,
                    "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62",
                    "name": "National Science Foundation",
                    "approved": true
                },
                "funder_divisions": [
                    "Mathematical and Physical Sciences (MPS)",
                    "GEOMETRIC ANALYSIS"
                ],
                "program_reference_codes": [],
                "program_officials": [
                    {
                        "id": 16884,
                        "first_name": "Joanna",
                        "last_name": "Kania-Bartoszynska",
                        "orcid": null,
                        "emails": "",
                        "private_emails": "",
                        "keywords": null,
                        "approved": true,
                        "websites": null,
                        "desired_collaboration": null,
                        "comments": null,
                        "affiliations": []
                    }
                ],
                "start_date": "2011-09-01",
                "end_date": "2021-08-31",
                "award_amount": 480000,
                "principal_investigator": {
                    "id": 16885,
                    "first_name": "Natasa",
                    "last_name": "Sesum",
                    "orcid": null,
                    "emails": "",
                    "private_emails": "",
                    "keywords": null,
                    "approved": true,
                    "websites": null,
                    "desired_collaboration": null,
                    "comments": null,
                    "affiliations": [
                        {
                            "id": 218,
                            "ror": "",
                            "name": "Rutgers University New Brunswick",
                            "address": "",
                            "city": "",
                            "state": "NJ",
                            "zip": "",
                            "country": "United States",
                            "approved": true
                        }
                    ]
                },
                "other_investigators": [],
                "awardee_organization": {
                    "id": 218,
                    "ror": "",
                    "name": "Rutgers University New Brunswick",
                    "address": "",
                    "city": "",
                    "state": "NJ",
                    "zip": "",
                    "country": "United States",
                    "approved": true
                },
                "abstract": "The main objective of this project is the study of nonlinear parabolic equations  which come from  differential geometry problems, such as  the evolution of a hypersurface of Euclidean space by functions of its principal curvatures, the Ricci flow and the Yamabe flow. More precisely, the PI focuses on singularity analysis of possible finite time singularities occurring in those evolution equations. Such equations appear in quantum field theory, plasma physics,  thin liquid film dynamics. More precisely, one of the things the PI wants to study is the regularity of nonlinear geometric flows, such as finding the minimal geometric conditions that will guarantee the smooth existence of a solution to the Ricci flow and the mean curvature flow. The other thing the PI would like to understand are the ancient solutions to nonlinear geometric flows and their classification. It is well known that ancient solutions arise as singularity models (blown up limits) at finite time singularities. Their classification is crucial for better understanding the singularities that may occur in finite time. Ancient solutions to the two dimensional Ricci flow  describe trajectories of the renormalization group equations of certain asymptotically free local quantum field theories in the ultra-violet regime. One special class of ancient solutions are Ricci solitons. The PI would like to study those, having an ultimate goal of classifying generic singularities of a generic Ricci flow.  \n\nThe project the PI proposes  links many different active fields of mathematics, such as nonlinear analysis, differential geometry and topology. The proposed research activity on singularity analysis and regularity of nonlinear parabolic geometric evolution equations may result in interesting applications in geometry and topology. There may be potential application in physics as well. It is well known that the Ricci flow theory has lead to a solution of the Poincare conjecture in topology. The hope is that geometric flows may help solving other important topological question such as the classification of manifolds in higher dimensions.  One of the main obstacles in order to even approach such a difficult question like that by using the flow theory is understanding the singularity formation and the classification of singularities, since one can not hope the flow will exist forever. Most likely it will develop singularities in finite time. The PI proposes to understand the formation of singularities in the flows such as the Ricci flow, mean curvature flow, the Yamabe flow  and therefore contribute to finding a way to approach the big mentioned problem above.",
                "keywords": [],
                "approved": true
            }
        },
        {
            "type": "Grant",
            "id": "4859",
            "attributes": {
                "award_id": "1055082",
                "title": "45th Annual Spring Topology and Dynamical Systems Conference",
                "funder": {
                    "id": 3,
                    "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62",
                    "name": "National Science Foundation",
                    "approved": true
                },
                "funder_divisions": [
                    "Mathematical and Physical Sciences (MPS)",
                    "TOPOLOGY"
                ],
                "program_reference_codes": [],
                "program_officials": [
                    {
                        "id": 16879,
                        "first_name": "Joanna",
                        "last_name": "Kania-Bartoszynska",
                        "orcid": null,
                        "emails": "",
                        "private_emails": "",
                        "keywords": null,
                        "approved": true,
                        "websites": null,
                        "desired_collaboration": null,
                        "comments": null,
                        "affiliations": []
                    }
                ],
                "start_date": "2011-01-15",
                "end_date": "2011-12-31",
                "award_amount": 49556,
                "principal_investigator": {
                    "id": 16880,
                    "first_name": "Sheldon",
                    "last_name": "Davis",
                    "orcid": null,
                    "emails": "",
                    "private_emails": "",
                    "keywords": null,
                    "approved": true,
                    "websites": null,
                    "desired_collaboration": null,
                    "comments": null,
                    "affiliations": [
                        {
                            "id": 1349,
                            "ror": "",
                            "name": "University of Texas at Tyler",
                            "address": "",
                            "city": "",
                            "state": "TX",
                            "zip": "",
                            "country": "United States",
                            "approved": true
                        }
                    ]
                },
                "other_investigators": [],
                "awardee_organization": {
                    "id": 1349,
                    "ror": "",
                    "name": "University of Texas at Tyler",
                    "address": "",
                    "city": "",
                    "state": "TX",
                    "zip": "",
                    "country": "United States",
                    "approved": true
                },
                "abstract": "The 45th Annual Spring Topology and Dynamical Systems Conference will be held at the University of Texas at Tyler from Thursday March 17 through Saturday March 19, 2011.  The conference will offer special sessions in Continuum Theory, Dynamical Systems, Geometric Group Theory, Geometric Topology, and Set-theoretic Topology, as well as six plenary talks and 12 semi-plenary talks covering the breadth of the special sessions.  The conference is organized by the special session organizing committees, the conference steering committee, and the principal investigator on the grant.  The grant provides funds to support travel for graduate students and young researchers, in addition to the invited speakers.\n \nThe series of conferences is one of the longest running in mathematics.  In the spring of 1967, the first conference was held at Arizona State University, and it was primarily a conference on general topology and continuum theory.  In the past 45 years, the conference has grown in size and scope.  It has continued to be the most important conference of the year in set-theoretic topology and continuum theory, while expanding to include the areas of dynamical systems, geometric group theory, and geometric topology.  Over the years, the conference has made special efforts to broaden participation by women, underrepresented groups, graduate students, and young researchers, while expanding to cover a broader section of topology.  Many of the most famous results of the last 45 years have been first announced at this conference.\n\nConference website: http://www.math.uttyler.edu/sgraves/STDC2011/Welcome.html",
                "keywords": [],
                "approved": true
            }
        },
        {
            "type": "Grant",
            "id": "4862",
            "attributes": {
                "award_id": "1053610",
                "title": "Symposium: Student Support for the 10th Symposium of the International Association of Fire Safety Science, College Park, MD, June 19-24, 2011",
                "funder": {
                    "id": 3,
                    "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62",
                    "name": "National Science Foundation",
                    "approved": true
                },
                "funder_divisions": [
                    "Unknown",
                    "CFS-Combustion & Fire Systems"
                ],
                "program_reference_codes": [],
                "program_officials": [],
                "start_date": "2011-02-15",
                "end_date": "2012-01-31",
                "award_amount": 15500,
                "principal_investigator": {
                    "id": 16890,
                    "first_name": "Peter",
                    "last_name": "Sunderland",
                    "orcid": null,
                    "emails": "",
                    "private_emails": "",
                    "keywords": null,
                    "approved": true,
                    "websites": null,
                    "desired_collaboration": null,
                    "comments": null,
                    "affiliations": [
                        {
                            "id": 297,
                            "ror": "https://ror.org/047s2c258",
                            "name": "University of Maryland, College Park",
                            "address": "",
                            "city": "",
                            "state": "MD",
                            "zip": "",
                            "country": "United States",
                            "approved": true
                        }
                    ]
                },
                "other_investigators": [
                    {
                        "id": 16889,
                        "first_name": "Arnaud C",
                        "last_name": "Trouve",
                        "orcid": null,
                        "emails": "",
                        "private_emails": "",
                        "keywords": null,
                        "approved": true,
                        "websites": null,
                        "desired_collaboration": null,
                        "comments": null,
                        "affiliations": []
                    }
                ],
                "awardee_organization": {
                    "id": 297,
                    "ror": "https://ror.org/047s2c258",
                    "name": "University of Maryland, College Park",
                    "address": "",
                    "city": "",
                    "state": "MD",
                    "zip": "",
                    "country": "United States",
                    "approved": true
                },
                "abstract": "1053610\nSunderland\n\n\nThis award provides student support at the 10th International Symposium of the\nInternational Association for Fire Safety Science (IAFSS). This Symposium will be held on the campus of the University of Maryland, College Park on June 19 - 24, 2011. NSF funds will provide financial support for U.S. students who contribute their work and attend the Symposium. Qualified students will be offered reduced registration fees, partial travel support, and/or oral presentation honoraria. NSF funds are targeted to increase the participation of graduate students at the meeting.\n\nIntellectual Merit:\n\nThe Symposium is the world's premier fire safety science meeting and it covers every aspect of fire safety science. It has been organized every 2-3 years since 1985. The quality of accepted papers is excellent, with acceptance rates around 60%. The program will include oral presentations of peer-reviewed papers, invited lectures from the world's top fire science researchers, and work-in-progress posters. Typically 300 researchers attend this meeting and they come from over 25 different countries.\n\nBroader impacts:\n\nThe Symposium is the ideal venue for student fire researchers to exchange ideas and network with their peers and with leaders in the field. It is estimated that 30 students will benefit from the proposed NSF support. The proposed support is intended to promote student participation and oral presentations at the Symposium. Targeted announcements will encourage underrepresented minorities and women to participate.",
                "keywords": [],
                "approved": true
            }
        },
        {
            "type": "Grant",
            "id": "4872",
            "attributes": {
                "award_id": "1051655",
                "title": "Viroid models to study evolution of RNA trafficking motifs for host adaptation",
                "funder": {
                    "id": 3,
                    "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62",
                    "name": "National Science Foundation",
                    "approved": true
                },
                "funder_divisions": [
                    "Biological Sciences (BIO)",
                    "Symbiosis Infection & Immunity"
                ],
                "program_reference_codes": [],
                "program_officials": [
                    {
                        "id": 16912,
                        "first_name": "Michael",
                        "last_name": "Mishkind",
                        "orcid": null,
                        "emails": "",
                        "private_emails": "",
                        "keywords": null,
                        "approved": true,
                        "websites": null,
                        "desired_collaboration": null,
                        "comments": null,
                        "affiliations": []
                    }
                ],
                "start_date": "2011-05-01",
                "end_date": "2014-04-30",
                "award_amount": 360000,
                "principal_investigator": {
                    "id": 16913,
                    "first_name": "Biao",
                    "last_name": "Ding",
                    "orcid": null,
                    "emails": "",
                    "private_emails": "",
                    "keywords": null,
                    "approved": true,
                    "websites": null,
                    "desired_collaboration": null,
                    "comments": null,
                    "affiliations": [
                        {
                            "id": 308,
                            "ror": "",
                            "name": "Ohio State University",
                            "address": "",
                            "city": "",
                            "state": "OH",
                            "zip": "",
                            "country": "United States",
                            "approved": true
                        }
                    ]
                },
                "other_investigators": [],
                "awardee_organization": {
                    "id": 308,
                    "ror": "",
                    "name": "Ohio State University",
                    "address": "",
                    "city": "",
                    "state": "OH",
                    "zip": "",
                    "country": "United States",
                    "approved": true
                },
                "abstract": "Infectious RNAs including viroids and viruses must traffic between cells in order to establish systemic infection. This project addresses the role of noncoding RNA structural motifs for trafficking in host adaptation. It tests the hypothesis that (i) an infectious RNA can rapidly evolve new three-dimensional (3D) motifs for trafficking as a means of host adaptation, and (ii) different infectious RNAs can evolve distinct trafficking motifs for adaptation to the same host. This hypothesis was developed from the following observations. First, when a particular motif, called loop 19, of Potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd) was obliterated to abolish trafficking (but not replication) in the experimental host plant Nicotiana benthamiana, a new loop (loop 19*) evolved to restore trafficking. Second, some viroids, such as Hop stunt viroid (HSVd), differ significantly in sequences from PSTVd but also can infect N. benthamiana systemically. To test this hypothesis, the following experiments will be performed: 1) to elucidate the 3D structure of loop 19 and determine whether loop 19* is similarly structured, 2) to determine the cellular boundary at which loop 19 and loop 19* function, and 3) to perform a genome-wide mutational identification of HSVd trafficking motifs and compare them with the PSTVd motifs that have already been identified for similarities and differences.\n\nThis project will contribute new knowledge about the molecular mechanisms underlying the evolution of infectious RNAs and broadly the unifying and unique principles controlling the systemic trafficking of different RNAs. New research tools and experimental systems developed may also help transform research on the general principles of RNA structure-function relationships. This project will train undergraduate/graduate students in developing cutting-edge cross-disciplinary approaches to study fundamental biological problems, and help enhance science education for elementary/middle/high school students, including traditionally underrepresented groups.",
                "keywords": [],
                "approved": true
            }
        },
        {
            "type": "Grant",
            "id": "4918",
            "attributes": {
                "award_id": "1049966",
                "title": "Age of the Socorro Magma Body: Surface Uplift History from River Terrace Correlation and Cosmochronology",
                "funder": {
                    "id": 3,
                    "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62",
                    "name": "National Science Foundation",
                    "approved": true
                },
                "funder_divisions": [
                    "Unknown",
                    "Tectonics"
                ],
                "program_reference_codes": [],
                "program_officials": [],
                "start_date": "2011-10-01",
                "end_date": "2014-09-30",
                "award_amount": 102767,
                "principal_investigator": {
                    "id": 17727,
                    "first_name": "Gary",
                    "last_name": "Axen",
                    "orcid": null,
                    "emails": "",
                    "private_emails": "",
                    "keywords": null,
                    "approved": true,
                    "websites": null,
                    "desired_collaboration": null,
                    "comments": null,
                    "affiliations": []
                },
                "other_investigators": [
                    {
                        "id": 17725,
                        "first_name": "James B",
                        "last_name": "Harrison",
                        "orcid": null,
                        "emails": "",
                        "private_emails": "",
                        "keywords": null,
                        "approved": true,
                        "websites": null,
                        "desired_collaboration": null,
                        "comments": null,
                        "affiliations": []
                    },
                    {
                        "id": 17726,
                        "first_name": "Fred M",
                        "last_name": "Phillips",
                        "orcid": null,
                        "emails": "",
                        "private_emails": "",
                        "keywords": null,
                        "approved": true,
                        "websites": null,
                        "desired_collaboration": null,
                        "comments": null,
                        "affiliations": []
                    }
                ],
                "awardee_organization": {
                    "id": 923,
                    "ror": "https://ror.org/005p9kw61",
                    "name": "New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology",
                    "address": "",
                    "city": "",
                    "state": "NM",
                    "zip": "",
                    "country": "United States",
                    "approved": true
                },
                "abstract": "The Socorro magma body is one of the largest known midcrustal magma bodies on Earth: it is a sill-like feature, about 3,400 square kilometers in area, about 150 meters thick, and lies at about 19 km depth under the central Rio Grande rift in the Socorro, New Mexico area The Socorro magma body causes surface uplift with a maximum rate of about 2.5-3 mm/yr centered over the northern part of the body. Models of surface uplift due to an elastic crustal response to magmatic inflation at 19 km depth agree well with InSAR interferograms. The age of the magma body and its related surface uplift are controversial. In order to resolve this controversy, the New Mexico Tech research team will carry out a pilot study of terrace remnants to determine the age of onset of surface uplift. They will map the terrace remnants with the aid of Digital Elevation Models and correlate them using soil characteristics (clay and carbonate content), geomorphic characteristics (surface textures, degree of desert varnish, location within flights of terraces), sedimentological characteristics of terrace deposits (clast types, sedimentary structures, grain size), and 36Cl ages. Well-preserved and unaltered surfaces will be dated using 36Cl cosmogenic isotope profile dating. Lateral changes in terrace elevations and vertical terrace spacing will, in turn, allow identification of those terraces affected or unaffected by Socorro magma body inflation. Terrace ages will bracket onset of Socorro magma body -related uplift and constrain long-term rates of uplift and magma-body inflation.\n\nThe Socorro magma body is one of the largest known midcrustal magma bodies on Earth. Leveling and InSAR studies indicate that the magma body is causing surface uplift at rates of about 2.5 mm/yr (in the central zone of fastest uplift). The Socorro Seismic Anomaly has the highest rate of upper crustal seismicity in New Mexico and lies above the magma body. Microseismicity presumably is triggered by deformation and ascending hydrous fluids above the Socorro magma body. This project seeks to constrain the age of the Socorro magma body, which is relevant to understanding crustal rheology, evolution of the brittle-ductile transition, crustal growth in rifts, magma genesis during rifting, stress evolution during rifting, and volcanic hazard.",
                "keywords": [],
                "approved": true
            }
        }
    ],
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            "page": 1405,
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