Represents Grant table in the DB

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HTTP 200 OK
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{
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    "data": [
        {
            "type": "Grant",
            "id": "14193",
            "attributes": {
                "award_id": "2103207",
                "title": "PostDoctoral Research Fellowship",
                "funder": {
                    "id": 3,
                    "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62",
                    "name": "National Science Foundation",
                    "approved": true
                },
                "funder_divisions": [
                    "Mathematical and Physical Sciences (MPS)",
                    "Workforce (MSPRF) MathSciPDFel"
                ],
                "program_reference_codes": [],
                "program_officials": [
                    {
                        "id": 6631,
                        "first_name": "Andrew",
                        "last_name": "Pollington",
                        "orcid": null,
                        "emails": "",
                        "private_emails": "",
                        "keywords": null,
                        "approved": true,
                        "websites": null,
                        "desired_collaboration": null,
                        "comments": null,
                        "affiliations": []
                    }
                ],
                "start_date": "2021-09-01",
                "end_date": null,
                "award_amount": 150000,
                "principal_investigator": {
                    "id": 30765,
                    "first_name": "Monica",
                    "last_name": "Lewis",
                    "orcid": null,
                    "emails": "",
                    "private_emails": "",
                    "keywords": null,
                    "approved": true,
                    "websites": null,
                    "desired_collaboration": null,
                    "comments": null,
                    "affiliations": []
                },
                "other_investigators": [],
                "awardee_organization": {
                    "id": 2428,
                    "ror": "",
                    "name": "Lewis, Monica A",
                    "address": "",
                    "city": "",
                    "state": "MI",
                    "zip": "",
                    "country": "United States",
                    "approved": true
                },
                "abstract": "This award is made as part of the FY 2021 Mathematical Sciences Postdoctoral Research Fellowships Program. Each of the fellowships supports a research and training project at a host institution in the mathematical sciences, including applications to other disciplines, under the mentorship of a sponsoring scientist. <br/><br/>The title of the project for this fellowship to Monica A. Lewis is \" The closed support problem over positive characteristic singularities\". The host institution for the fellowship is University of Minnesota, and the sponsoring scientist is Gennady Lyubeznik.<br/><br/>This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.",
                "keywords": [],
                "approved": true
            }
        },
        {
            "type": "Grant",
            "id": "14194",
            "attributes": {
                "award_id": "2103154",
                "title": "PostDoctoral Research Fellowship",
                "funder": {
                    "id": 3,
                    "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62",
                    "name": "National Science Foundation",
                    "approved": true
                },
                "funder_divisions": [
                    "Mathematical and Physical Sciences (MPS)",
                    "Workforce (MSPRF) MathSciPDFel"
                ],
                "program_reference_codes": [],
                "program_officials": [
                    {
                        "id": 6631,
                        "first_name": "Andrew",
                        "last_name": "Pollington",
                        "orcid": null,
                        "emails": "",
                        "private_emails": "",
                        "keywords": null,
                        "approved": true,
                        "websites": null,
                        "desired_collaboration": null,
                        "comments": null,
                        "affiliations": []
                    }
                ],
                "start_date": "2021-09-01",
                "end_date": null,
                "award_amount": 150000,
                "principal_investigator": {
                    "id": 30766,
                    "first_name": "Xiaoyu",
                    "last_name": "He",
                    "orcid": null,
                    "emails": "",
                    "private_emails": "",
                    "keywords": null,
                    "approved": true,
                    "websites": null,
                    "desired_collaboration": null,
                    "comments": null,
                    "affiliations": []
                },
                "other_investigators": [],
                "awardee_organization": {
                    "id": 2429,
                    "ror": "",
                    "name": "He, Xiaoyu",
                    "address": "",
                    "city": "",
                    "state": "CA",
                    "zip": "",
                    "country": "United States",
                    "approved": true
                },
                "abstract": "This award is made as part of the FY 2021 Mathematical Sciences Postdoctoral Research Fellowships Program. Each of the fellowships supports a research and training project at a host institution in the mathematical sciences, including applications to other disciplines, under the mentorship of a sponsoring scientist. <br/><br/>The title of the project for this fellowship to Xiaoyu He is \"Extremal Combinatorics\". The host institution for the fellowship is Princeton University, and the sponsoring scientist is Alon Noga<br/><br/>This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.",
                "keywords": [],
                "approved": true
            }
        },
        {
            "type": "Grant",
            "id": "14195",
            "attributes": {
                "award_id": "2103142",
                "title": "PostDoctoral Research Fellowship",
                "funder": {
                    "id": 3,
                    "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62",
                    "name": "National Science Foundation",
                    "approved": true
                },
                "funder_divisions": [
                    "Mathematical and Physical Sciences (MPS)",
                    "Workforce (MSPRF) MathSciPDFel"
                ],
                "program_reference_codes": [],
                "program_officials": [
                    {
                        "id": 2352,
                        "first_name": "Stefaan De",
                        "last_name": "Winter",
                        "orcid": null,
                        "emails": "",
                        "private_emails": "",
                        "keywords": null,
                        "approved": true,
                        "websites": null,
                        "desired_collaboration": null,
                        "comments": null,
                        "affiliations": []
                    }
                ],
                "start_date": "2021-09-01",
                "end_date": null,
                "award_amount": 150000,
                "principal_investigator": {
                    "id": 30767,
                    "first_name": "Miriam",
                    "last_name": "Kuzbary",
                    "orcid": null,
                    "emails": "",
                    "private_emails": "",
                    "keywords": null,
                    "approved": true,
                    "websites": null,
                    "desired_collaboration": null,
                    "comments": null,
                    "affiliations": []
                },
                "other_investigators": [],
                "awardee_organization": {
                    "id": 2430,
                    "ror": "",
                    "name": "Kuzbary, Miriam",
                    "address": "",
                    "city": "",
                    "state": "TX",
                    "zip": "",
                    "country": "United States",
                    "approved": true
                },
                "abstract": "This award is made as part of the FY 2021 Mathematical Sciences Postdoctoral Research Fellowships Program. Each of the fellowships supports a research and training project at a host institution in the mathematical sciences, including applications to other disciplines, under the mentorship of a sponsoring scientist. <br/><br/>The title of the project for this fellowship to Miriam Kuzbary is \" Characterizing algebraic structures in low-dimensional topology through relationships between classical, group theoretic invariants and modern, gauge theoretic invariant\". The host institution for the fellowship is Georgia Institute of Technology, and the sponsoring scientist is Jennifer Hom.<br/><br/>This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.",
                "keywords": [],
                "approved": true
            }
        },
        {
            "type": "Grant",
            "id": "14196",
            "attributes": {
                "award_id": "2102961",
                "title": "PostDoctoral Research Fellowship",
                "funder": {
                    "id": 3,
                    "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62",
                    "name": "National Science Foundation",
                    "approved": true
                },
                "funder_divisions": [
                    "Mathematical and Physical Sciences (MPS)",
                    "Workforce (MSPRF) MathSciPDFel"
                ],
                "program_reference_codes": [],
                "program_officials": [
                    {
                        "id": 6631,
                        "first_name": "Andrew",
                        "last_name": "Pollington",
                        "orcid": null,
                        "emails": "",
                        "private_emails": "",
                        "keywords": null,
                        "approved": true,
                        "websites": null,
                        "desired_collaboration": null,
                        "comments": null,
                        "affiliations": []
                    }
                ],
                "start_date": "2021-09-01",
                "end_date": null,
                "award_amount": 150000,
                "principal_investigator": {
                    "id": 30768,
                    "first_name": "Susanna",
                    "last_name": "Haziot",
                    "orcid": null,
                    "emails": "",
                    "private_emails": "",
                    "keywords": null,
                    "approved": true,
                    "websites": null,
                    "desired_collaboration": null,
                    "comments": null,
                    "affiliations": []
                },
                "other_investigators": [],
                "awardee_organization": {
                    "id": 2431,
                    "ror": "",
                    "name": "Haziot, Susanna V",
                    "address": "",
                    "city": "",
                    "state": "",
                    "zip": "",
                    "country": "AU",
                    "approved": true
                },
                "abstract": "This award is made as part of the FY 2021 Mathematical Sciences Postdoctoral Research Fellowships Program. Each of the fellowships supports a research and training project at a host institution in the mathematical sciences, including applications to other disciplines, under the mentorship of a sponsoring scientist. <br/><br/>The title of the project for this fellowship to Susanna Haziot is \"Problems in the mathematical theory of water waves.\" The host institution for the fellowship is Brown University, and the sponsoring scientist is Benoit Pausader.<br/><br/>This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.",
                "keywords": [],
                "approved": true
            }
        },
        {
            "type": "Grant",
            "id": "14198",
            "attributes": {
                "award_id": "2102473",
                "title": "PostDoctoral Research Fellowship",
                "funder": {
                    "id": 3,
                    "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62",
                    "name": "National Science Foundation",
                    "approved": true
                },
                "funder_divisions": [
                    "Mathematical and Physical Sciences (MPS)",
                    "Workforce (MSPRF) MathSciPDFel"
                ],
                "program_reference_codes": [],
                "program_officials": [
                    {
                        "id": 6631,
                        "first_name": "Andrew",
                        "last_name": "Pollington",
                        "orcid": null,
                        "emails": "",
                        "private_emails": "",
                        "keywords": null,
                        "approved": true,
                        "websites": null,
                        "desired_collaboration": null,
                        "comments": null,
                        "affiliations": []
                    }
                ],
                "start_date": "2021-09-01",
                "end_date": null,
                "award_amount": 150000,
                "principal_investigator": {
                    "id": 30769,
                    "first_name": "Samuel",
                    "last_name": "Mundy",
                    "orcid": null,
                    "emails": "",
                    "private_emails": "",
                    "keywords": null,
                    "approved": true,
                    "websites": null,
                    "desired_collaboration": null,
                    "comments": null,
                    "affiliations": []
                },
                "other_investigators": [],
                "awardee_organization": {
                    "id": 2432,
                    "ror": "",
                    "name": "Mundy, Samuel",
                    "address": "",
                    "city": "",
                    "state": "NY",
                    "zip": "",
                    "country": "United States",
                    "approved": true
                },
                "abstract": "This award is made as part of the FY 2021 Mathematical Sciences Postdoctoral Research Fellowships Program. Each of the fellowships supports a research and training project at a host institution in the mathematical sciences, including applications to other disciplines, under the mentorship of a sponsoring scientist. <br/><br/>The title of the project for this fellowship to Samuel Mundy is \" Construction of nonzero elements in the Selmer groups of Galois representations\". The host institution for the  fellowship is Princeton University, and the sponsoring scientist is Christopher Skinner.<br/><br/>This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.",
                "keywords": [],
                "approved": true
            }
        },
        {
            "type": "Grant",
            "id": "14199",
            "attributes": {
                "award_id": "2103206",
                "title": "PostDoctoral Research Fellowship",
                "funder": {
                    "id": 3,
                    "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62",
                    "name": "National Science Foundation",
                    "approved": true
                },
                "funder_divisions": [
                    "Mathematical and Physical Sciences (MPS)",
                    "Workforce (MSPRF) MathSciPDFel"
                ],
                "program_reference_codes": [],
                "program_officials": [
                    {
                        "id": 2352,
                        "first_name": "Stefaan De",
                        "last_name": "Winter",
                        "orcid": null,
                        "emails": "",
                        "private_emails": "",
                        "keywords": null,
                        "approved": true,
                        "websites": null,
                        "desired_collaboration": null,
                        "comments": null,
                        "affiliations": []
                    }
                ],
                "start_date": "2021-09-01",
                "end_date": null,
                "award_amount": 150000,
                "principal_investigator": {
                    "id": 30770,
                    "first_name": "Robert",
                    "last_name": "Jeffs",
                    "orcid": null,
                    "emails": "",
                    "private_emails": "",
                    "keywords": null,
                    "approved": true,
                    "websites": null,
                    "desired_collaboration": null,
                    "comments": null,
                    "affiliations": []
                },
                "other_investigators": [],
                "awardee_organization": {
                    "id": 2433,
                    "ror": "",
                    "name": "Jeffs, Robert Amzi",
                    "address": "",
                    "city": "",
                    "state": "WA",
                    "zip": "",
                    "country": "United States",
                    "approved": true
                },
                "abstract": "This award is made as part of the FY 2021 Mathematical Sciences Postdoctoral Research Fellowships Program. Each of the fellowships supports a research and training project at a host institution in the mathematical sciences, including applications to other disciplines, under the mentorship of a sponsoring scientist. <br/><br/>The title of the project for this fellowship to Robert A. Jeffs is \" Classifying Convex Neural Codes\". The host institution for the fellowship is Carnegie Mellon University, and the sponsoring scientist is Florian Frick.<br/><br/>This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.",
                "keywords": [],
                "approved": true
            }
        },
        {
            "type": "Grant",
            "id": "14200",
            "attributes": {
                "award_id": "2102921",
                "title": "PostDoctoral Research Fellowship",
                "funder": {
                    "id": 3,
                    "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62",
                    "name": "National Science Foundation",
                    "approved": true
                },
                "funder_divisions": [
                    "Mathematical and Physical Sciences (MPS)",
                    "Workforce (MSPRF) MathSciPDFel"
                ],
                "program_reference_codes": [],
                "program_officials": [
                    {
                        "id": 6631,
                        "first_name": "Andrew",
                        "last_name": "Pollington",
                        "orcid": null,
                        "emails": "",
                        "private_emails": "",
                        "keywords": null,
                        "approved": true,
                        "websites": null,
                        "desired_collaboration": null,
                        "comments": null,
                        "affiliations": []
                    }
                ],
                "start_date": "2021-09-01",
                "end_date": null,
                "award_amount": 150000,
                "principal_investigator": {
                    "id": 30771,
                    "first_name": "Andres",
                    "last_name": "Vindas Melendez",
                    "orcid": null,
                    "emails": "",
                    "private_emails": "",
                    "keywords": null,
                    "approved": true,
                    "websites": null,
                    "desired_collaboration": null,
                    "comments": null,
                    "affiliations": []
                },
                "other_investigators": [],
                "awardee_organization": {
                    "id": 2434,
                    "ror": "",
                    "name": "Vindas Melendez, Andres Rodolfo",
                    "address": "",
                    "city": "",
                    "state": "CA",
                    "zip": "",
                    "country": "United States",
                    "approved": true
                },
                "abstract": "This award is made as part of the FY 2021 Mathematical Sciences Postdoctoral Research Fellowships Program. Each of the fellowships supports a research and training project at a host institution in the mathematical sciences, including applications to other disciplines, under the mentorship of a sponsoring scientist. <br/><br/>The title of the project for this fellowship to Andres R. Vindas Melendez is \" Combinatorial Invariants on Polytopes\". The host institution for the fellowship is University of California, Berkeley, and the sponsoring scientist is Sylvie Corteel.<br/><br/>This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.",
                "keywords": [],
                "approved": true
            }
        },
        {
            "type": "Grant",
            "id": "14207",
            "attributes": {
                "award_id": "2042105",
                "title": "AGS-PRF:  Warm Rain in Complex Coastal Terrain--Improving Process-level Understanding and Model Representation",
                "funder": {
                    "id": 3,
                    "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62",
                    "name": "National Science Foundation",
                    "approved": true
                },
                "funder_divisions": [
                    "Geosciences (GEO)",
                    "Postdoctoral Fellowships"
                ],
                "program_reference_codes": [],
                "program_officials": [
                    {
                        "id": 12876,
                        "first_name": "Nicholas",
                        "last_name": "Anderson",
                        "orcid": null,
                        "emails": "",
                        "private_emails": "",
                        "keywords": null,
                        "approved": true,
                        "websites": null,
                        "desired_collaboration": null,
                        "comments": null,
                        "affiliations": []
                    }
                ],
                "start_date": "2021-09-01",
                "end_date": null,
                "award_amount": 190000,
                "principal_investigator": {
                    "id": 30776,
                    "first_name": "Robert",
                    "last_name": "Conrick",
                    "orcid": null,
                    "emails": "",
                    "private_emails": "",
                    "keywords": null,
                    "approved": true,
                    "websites": null,
                    "desired_collaboration": null,
                    "comments": null,
                    "affiliations": []
                },
                "other_investigators": [],
                "awardee_organization": {
                    "id": 2435,
                    "ror": "",
                    "name": "Conrick, Robert John Cuson",
                    "address": "",
                    "city": "",
                    "state": "WA",
                    "zip": "",
                    "country": "United States",
                    "approved": true
                },
                "abstract": "Terrain-forced precipitation in coastal regions is sensitive to a variety of factors, and the amount of precipitation that is produced remains difficult to model and forecast.  On the Pacific coast of the United States, this precipitation can be a hazard though flooding and mudslides, but it also provides a significant fraction of the water resources used for agriculture and human consumption.  This postdoctoral research fellowship project will improve understanding of terrain-forced precipitation with the eventual goal of improving forecast accuracy.  The project will support an early career researcher while also containing plans for community engagement to more broadly improve public understanding of science. <br/><br/>This project is specifically for an analysis and modeling effort to improve understanding of rain-producing microphysical processes, especially in areas with coastal terrain.  The 2015-2016 Olympic Mountains Experiment (OLYMPEX), based in coastal Washington state, provided a wealth of data regarding precipitation over topographically complex regions.  The researcher plans to produce a comprehensive description of warm rain processes offshore of and over windward slopes of the Olympic Mountains by using radar retrievals to promote a three-dimensional understanding of microphysics and precipitation production.  The main sources of data will be radar, satellites, disdrometers, and rain gauges.  A set of case studies of individual events will be conducted, and comparisons made to numerical data from the Weather Research and Forecast model.<br/><br/>This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.",
                "keywords": [],
                "approved": true
            }
        },
        {
            "type": "Grant",
            "id": "14210",
            "attributes": {
                "award_id": "2053045",
                "title": "EAR-PF: A high-resolution 142Nd/144Nd record of mantle-derived rocks to constrain mantle stirring rate and tectonic regimes",
                "funder": {
                    "id": 3,
                    "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62",
                    "name": "National Science Foundation",
                    "approved": true
                },
                "funder_divisions": [
                    "Geosciences (GEO)",
                    "XC-Crosscutting Activities Pro"
                ],
                "program_reference_codes": [],
                "program_officials": [
                    {
                        "id": 9801,
                        "first_name": "Aisha",
                        "last_name": "Morris",
                        "orcid": null,
                        "emails": "",
                        "private_emails": "",
                        "keywords": null,
                        "approved": true,
                        "websites": null,
                        "desired_collaboration": null,
                        "comments": null,
                        "affiliations": []
                    }
                ],
                "start_date": "2021-09-01",
                "end_date": null,
                "award_amount": 174000,
                "principal_investigator": {
                    "id": 30780,
                    "first_name": "Eugenia",
                    "last_name": "Hyung",
                    "orcid": null,
                    "emails": "",
                    "private_emails": "",
                    "keywords": null,
                    "approved": true,
                    "websites": null,
                    "desired_collaboration": null,
                    "comments": null,
                    "affiliations": []
                },
                "other_investigators": [],
                "awardee_organization": {
                    "id": 2436,
                    "ror": "",
                    "name": "Hyung                   Eugenia",
                    "address": "",
                    "city": "",
                    "state": "CA",
                    "zip": "",
                    "country": "United States",
                    "approved": true
                },
                "abstract": "This award is funded in whole or in part under the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 (Public Law 117-2). <br/><br/>Dr. Eugenia Hyung has been granted an EAR Postdoctoral Fellowship to carry out research and education plans at Harvard University and University of Nevada Las Vegas. Dr. Hyung will use high precision measurements of the composition of rocks from deep in the Earth and deep in time to better understand Earth’s history. Plate tectonics – the movement of large rocky plates over the surface of the Earth – influences the fate of Earth’s evolution. Through plate tectonics, the surface of the Earth is shaped by the mantle below, influencing mountain building, creating the ocean floor, and generating many major earthquakes and volcanic eruptions. Yet the origin and history of plate tectonics is not well understood. Understanding how the mantle is shaped throughout time, will help to answer these questions. Because high-precision chemical data are missing from key time intervals throughout geologic history, questions remain about precise limits on how and at what rate the mantle becomes homogenous through time. This project aims to address these questions by acquiring high-precision data from rocks that are billions of years old to establish the stirring time of the mantle. The work will be carried out under the mentorship of Professor Stein B. Jacobsen (Harvard University) and Professor Shichun Huang (University of Nevada, Las Vegas). While conducting this research, Dr. Hyung will provide mentorship to both graduate and undergraduate students, be involved in developing teaching methods and courses, and engage in outreach activities that promote understanding and appreciation of the Earth in the context of current issues, as well as its evolution throughout time.<br/><br/>The presence of 142Nd/144Nd variability well after the extinction of the short-lived 146Sm isotope has led to the idea that the mode of tectonics early in Earth’s history would have been fundamentally different from the present-day form of tectonics to have enabled the preservation of geochemical heterogeneity over billions of years. The mode of tectonics (mobile vs. stagnant lid) is thought to exert influence on the efficiency of mantle mixing, and homogenization of the silicate Earth. Through this project, PI Dr. Eugenia Hyung aims to constrain the stirring rate of the Earth’s mantle and to deduce the dominant mode of tectonics in the time frame in which this occurs, by (i) filling the gap in the 142Nd/144Nd isotope record by performing high-precision measurements on Proterozoic samples and (ii) derive the stirring rate of the mantle during this time period through modeling, using the data as constraints. PI Dr. Eugenia Hyung is well-positioned to undertake the proposed study, having previously developed the methods in measuring 142Nd/144Nd ratios at a very high degree of precision while having experience in modeling.<br/><br/>This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.",
                "keywords": [],
                "approved": true
            }
        },
        {
            "type": "Grant",
            "id": "14212",
            "attributes": {
                "award_id": "2052963",
                "title": "EAR-PF: A New Technique for Determining Eruption Timescales Applied to Large Igneous Provinces and Climatic Events over Earth History",
                "funder": {
                    "id": 3,
                    "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62",
                    "name": "National Science Foundation",
                    "approved": true
                },
                "funder_divisions": [
                    "Geosciences (GEO)",
                    "XC-Crosscutting Activities Pro"
                ],
                "program_reference_codes": [],
                "program_officials": [
                    {
                        "id": 9801,
                        "first_name": "Aisha",
                        "last_name": "Morris",
                        "orcid": null,
                        "emails": "",
                        "private_emails": "",
                        "keywords": null,
                        "approved": true,
                        "websites": null,
                        "desired_collaboration": null,
                        "comments": null,
                        "affiliations": []
                    }
                ],
                "start_date": "2021-09-01",
                "end_date": null,
                "award_amount": 174000,
                "principal_investigator": {
                    "id": 30781,
                    "first_name": "Joseph",
                    "last_name": "Biasi",
                    "orcid": null,
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                    "name": "Biasi, Joseph A",
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                "abstract": "This award is funded in whole or in part under the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 (Public Law 117-2).<br/><br/>Dr. Joseph Biasi has been awarded an NSF EAR Postdoctoral Fellowship to investigate the connections between volcanic eruptions and the history of life on this planet. During eruptions, large amounts of carbon dioxide, sulfur, and volcanic ash can be released into the atmosphere, affecting the earth’s climate. In some cases, eruptions release huge amounts of gases into the atmosphere in just a few days, causing a sudden change in local or global climate with the potential to cause the extinction of species. However, if that same amount of gas is released over a few decades, then the climate effects of the eruption will be much smaller. Scientists can directly observe currently active volcanoes and record how long they take to erupt; however, no records for durations of prehistoric volcanic eruptions exist. The current project expands on Dr. Biasi’s prior work to develop a method to determine the duration of past eruptions using heat from the volcano. The plumbing systems of volcanoes (magma chamber, volcanic neck, etc.) are hosted in older rocks, and the magma that passes through this plumbing system heats up the host rock. Long-lived eruptions heat up more host rock than short-lived eruptions because there is more time to transfer heat from the magma to the host rock. Dr. Biasi will apply this principle to multiple volcanic eruptions, ranging in age from thousands of years to hundreds of millions of years old. This research will help us understand how impactful volcanic eruptions were in the past, and how to prepare for future eruptions. While conducting this research at Dartmouth College and the University of Oregon, Dr. Biasi will mentor junior researchers and teach classes. He will also develop geoscience lesson plans, labs, and activities that middle- and high-school educators can use in their classrooms. <br/><br/>The proposed research will employ a new technique, called magnetic geothermometry (MGT). This technique can constrain the amount of time that magma flowed through a conduit or fed an intrusion. In the case of shallow intrusives (such as feeder dikes) the timescales determined by MGT are roughly equivalent to the timescales of eruption. MGT combines the baked contact test (a classic paleomagnetic technique) with thermal modeling and can be applied to young (<1 Ma) and old (>2 Ga) magmatic systems. The MGT technique will be applied to sills and dikes of the Franklin LIP and the Columbia River flood basalts, both of which are associated with global climatic events. LIPs were chosen because there are few constraints on the timescales of individual LIP eruptions, and because of their impact on Earth History. Finally, the MGT technique will be applied to the Goat Rocks volcanic complex (an eroded Cascade arc composite volcano). Results from Goat Rocks will serve as a ‘control group’ and provide a crucial point of comparison for the LIP results. By combining the MGT results with previously published estimates of volatile content and volatile solubility, I can roughly determine the flux of volatiles (CO2, H2S, SO2) during individual LIP eruptions. These volatiles directly affect the Earth’s climate and organisms via global warming (CO2) or cooling (SO2). These results will provide the missing link between long-term climatic changes and short-term changes inferred to follow large eruptions.<br/><br/>This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.",
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