Grant List
Represents Grant table in the DB
GET /v1/grants?page%5Bnumber%5D=1391&sort=-award_id
{ "links": { "first": "https://cic-apps.datascience.columbia.edu/v1/grants?page%5Bnumber%5D=1&sort=-award_id", "last": "https://cic-apps.datascience.columbia.edu/v1/grants?page%5Bnumber%5D=1419&sort=-award_id", "next": "https://cic-apps.datascience.columbia.edu/v1/grants?page%5Bnumber%5D=1392&sort=-award_id", "prev": "https://cic-apps.datascience.columbia.edu/v1/grants?page%5Bnumber%5D=1390&sort=-award_id" }, "data": [ { "type": "Grant", "id": "4640", "attributes": { "award_id": "1412978", "title": "Fluorinated Amino Acids for Nanobiosensing", "funder": { "id": 3, "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62", "name": "National Science Foundation", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "Mathematical and Physical Sciences (MPS)", "Chemistry of Life Processes" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 16030, "first_name": "Max", "last_name": "Funk", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2014-08-01", "end_date": "2018-07-31", "award_amount": 326400, "principal_investigator": { "id": 16031, "first_name": "Neal", "last_name": "Zondlo", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [ { "id": 442, "ror": "https://ror.org/01sbq1a82", "name": "University of Delaware", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "DE", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true } ] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 442, "ror": "https://ror.org/01sbq1a82", "name": "University of Delaware", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "DE", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "Biological imaging has broad applications in basic research and in medicine, with new technologies capable of broad human and economic impact. The development of methods that can probe specific processes in complex solutions, in cells, or in organisms can substantially increase our understanding of complexity in biology and can be ultimately used to develop new approaches to identify changes that are associated with disease. In this work, new approaches to detect the functions of proteins and the structure of proteins are developed, via the incorporation of multiple fluorine atoms into proteins. Fluorine is exceptionally useful for imaging because it is not normally present in biological environments and because it can be specifically detected by magnetic resonance approaches such as MRI. Thus, addition of fluorine to molecules that are in complex solutions, such as inside cells, allows the specific identification of that fluorinated molecule in a sea of other non-fluorinated molecules that are not seen by fluorine magnetic resonance, as well as changes to those molecules that occur during biological processes. This proposal involves the development of highly fluorinated amino acids, to allow sensitive detection, and their incorporation in proteins and application to identify specific biological processes, including the actions of enzymes and other proteins, that are important in changes in cells that define development and disease. This approach should be broadly applicable to the identification of changes and functions of proteins by magnetic resonance. The technologies developed herein will be distributed to other researchers for maximum impact and may be commercialized, contributing to economic development. Undergraduate researchers will contribute significantly to all aspects of this project, training students who go on to careers in diverse areas and applications of science, including research, teaching, medicine, policy, business, and law. Undergraduate and graduate students trained in this project will have broad cross-disciplinary education, with preparation for diverse applications in their careers.\n\nWith this award, the Chemistry of Life Processes Program in the Chemistry Division is funding Dr. Neal Zondlo of the University of Delaware to develop approaches to examine specific enzymatic activities and protein structure using F-19 NMR with fluorinated amino acids. Probing biological processes in real time in situ is a substantial challenge whose solution has broad potential applications in imaging and in understanding basic biology. The development of new and general approaches to imaging that allow the identification of specific intracellular or extracellular events will allow new explorations and interventions in basic and applied biological research. General methods to the application of fluorinated amino acids for the interrogation of biological processes in situ with high sensitivity will be developed. F-19 imaging has enormous potential because of its specificity (high signal to noise due to the absence of fluorine in vivo; application to detect specific molecular events), its high magnetic sensitivity comparable to proton, and its application using commercial proton NMR and MRI instruments. The potential of F-19 magnetic imaging is currently substantially limited by a need to achieve increased sensitivity for diverse applications and for the development of specific probes of defined biological processes. An ideal approach to enhance specificity and sensitivity of F-19 magnetic resonance spectroscopy would involve the incorporation of an intense fluorine signal in native ligands in a manner that is minimally disruptive of structure. Methods to incorporate perfluoro-tert-butyl groups into peptides as novel amino acids will be developed. Perfluoro-tert-butyl groups have 9 equivalent fluorines, and thus have a 9-fold increase in signal-to-noise over single fluorines. At least as importantly, perfluoro-tert-butyl groups are sharp singlets by NMR, further increasing signal-to-noise and operational simplicity, meaning that most existing proton-based instrumentation can readily be adjusted to detect peptides containing perfluoro-tert-butyl groups. This approach will be used to detect kinase activity in real time by F-19 NMR, with potential applications to imaging diverse biological processes. In addition, approaches to probe cis-trans isomerism by NMR in complex solutions will be developed, using 4,4-difluoroproline, an amino acid, which is a sensitive F-19 NMR probe of the isomerization state of proline amide bonds. The approaches developed may be broadly applicable to probing processes in solution, in cells, and potentially in vivo. While this work is initially focused on applications in kinases and cell signaling, it is also applicable to other enzymatic modifications of proteins, including proteases and cell surface ligands, as well as to protein-protein interactions. This work has the potential to open new and sensitive approaches to imaging.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "4625", "attributes": { "award_id": "1409053", "title": "TWC: Medium: Collaborative: Strengthening Wi-Fi Network Wide", "funder": { "id": 3, "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62", "name": "National Science Foundation", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "Computer and Information Science and Engineering (CISE)", "Secure &Trustworthy Cyberspace" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 15969, "first_name": "Phillip", "last_name": "Regalia", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2014-08-01", "end_date": "2020-07-31", "award_amount": 456408, "principal_investigator": { "id": 15970, "first_name": "David", "last_name": "Starobinski", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [ { "id": 168, "ror": "", "name": "Trustees of Boston University", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "MA", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true } ] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 168, "ror": "", "name": "Trustees of Boston University", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "MA", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "Wi-Fi has emerged as the technology of choice for Internet access. Thus, virtually every smartphone or tablet is now equipped with a Wi-Fi card. Concurrently, and as a means to maximize spectral efficiency, Wi-Fi radios are becoming increasingly complex and sensitive to wireless channel conditions. The prevalence of Wi-Fi networks, along with their adaptive behaviors, makes them an ideal target for denial of service attacks at a large, infrastructure level.\n\nThis project aims to comprehensively investigate the resiliency of Wi-Fi networks to smart attacks, and to design and implement robust solutions capable of resisting or countering them. The project additionally focuses on harnessing new capabilities of Wi-Fi radios, such as multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) antennas, to protect against powerful adversaries. The research blends theory with experimentation and prototyping, and spans a range of disciplines including protocol design and analysis, coding and modulation, on-line algorithms, queuing theory, and emergent behaviors.\n\nThe anticipated benefits of the project include: (1) a deep understanding of threats facing Wi-Fi along several dimensions, via experiments and analysis; (2) a set of mitigation techniques and algorithms to strengthen existing Wi-Fi networks and emerging standards; (3) implementation into open-source software that can be deployed on wireless network cards and access points; (4) security training of the next-generation of scientists and engineers involved in radio design and deployment.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "4622", "attributes": { "award_id": "1408947", "title": "Collaborative Research: Branching Markov Chains and Stochastic Analysis Associated with Problems in Fluid Flow", "funder": { "id": 3, "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62", "name": "National Science Foundation", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "Mathematical and Physical Sciences (MPS)", "PROBABILITY" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 15957, "first_name": "Tomek", "last_name": "Bartoszynski", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2014-07-01", "end_date": "2018-06-30", "award_amount": 222017, "principal_investigator": { "id": 15959, "first_name": "Edward", "last_name": "Waymire", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [ { "id": 154, "ror": "https://ror.org/00ysfqy60", "name": "Oregon State University", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "OR", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true } ] }, "other_investigators": [ { "id": 15958, "first_name": "Enrique A", "last_name": "Thomann", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "awardee_organization": { "id": 154, "ror": "https://ror.org/00ysfqy60", "name": "Oregon State University", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "OR", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "Introduced in the mid 19 century, the Navier-Stokes equations are used to analyze fluid flows from laminar to turbulent regimes. Despite their importance and usefulness in engineering and science, a complete theory establishing properties of solutions of these equations continues to be elusive. With applications to physical and biological sciences and aeronautical and naval engineering, the mechanism for energy transfer and dissipation governing fluid motions remain carefully concealed from the current methods to analyze these equations. The dramatic improvements in efficiency attained in aircraft, naval and automotive design, serve as testimony of the economic and societal impact of improved control of basic processes modeled by these equations.\n\nIn recent years problems in the study of differential equations in general, and in particularly of the Navier-Stokes equations, have given rise to interesting probabilistic structures. The current project aims to elucidate the relation between properties of solutions of the Navier-Stokes equations with properties of a class of branching Markov chains naturally associated to these equations. As well-illustrated by considering self-similar solutions of the Navier-Stokes equations, regularity properties as well as uniqueness of solutions corresponds to properties of a specific branching Markov chain in which the branching nodes have a law determined by the invariance of the Navier-Stokes equations under spatial dilation (with a corresponding time scale change) and rotations. This intrinsic branching structure motivates the formulation of an explosion problem that it is of interest in its own right from the probability point of view. It involves new considerations of the location of the left most particle of the branching process. Furthermore, the branching structure establishes a striking connection between nonlinear PDE's and branching processes that is the object of study in this proposal. A further specific objective of this proposal is to explore the consequences on the branching structure imposed by the incompressible character of the velocity field. Specifically, the Fourier transform of the solution of the Navier-Stokes equations can be represented as an expected value of a multiplicative functional defined on the nodes of the alluded branching Markov chain that reflects the incompressibility of the velocity field. An objective of this proposal is to develop the implications for energy depletion as a consequence of the algebraic structure defined by the indicated multiplication operation. Likewise, regularity and large time behavior of the solutions of the Navier-Stokes equation can also be gleaned from this representation. The proposal also involves methods of graph theory, with the use of semi-algebraic sets in the classification of nodes of random trees. Ultimately, this proposal seeks to elucidate the role of incompressibility in the multiplicative stochastic processes associated with equations of fluid flow.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "4607", "attributes": { "award_id": "1408592", "title": "Smoky Cascade Geometry Conference, March 19-21, 2014", "funder": { "id": 3, "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62", "name": "National Science Foundation", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "Mathematical and Physical Sciences (MPS)", "GEOMETRIC ANALYSIS" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 15897, "first_name": "Joanna", "last_name": "Kania-Bartoszynska", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2014-04-01", "end_date": "2015-03-31", "award_amount": 32838, "principal_investigator": { "id": 15900, "first_name": "Catherine", "last_name": "Searle", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [ { "id": 154, "ror": "https://ror.org/00ysfqy60", "name": "Oregon State University", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "OR", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true } ] }, "other_investigators": [ { "id": 15898, "first_name": "Conrad", "last_name": "Plaut", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, { "id": 15899, "first_name": "Leonard D Wilkins", "last_name": "Jr.", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "awardee_organization": { "id": 154, "ror": "https://ror.org/00ysfqy60", "name": "Oregon State University", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "OR", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "The Smoky Cascade Geometry Conference will be held at the University of Tennessee at Knoxville March 19--21, 2014. The conference will feature ten plenary speakers with plenty of time between talks to encourage discussion and the interchange of ideas. The key areas represented in the conference will be Metric Geometry, Geometric Flows, Ricci Solitons, Minimal Submanifolds, and the Geometry of Partial Differential Equations. The overlap between these areas makes very real the possibility for cross-collaboration among the participants.\n\nThe Smoky Cascade Geometry Conference features important areas of geometry and geometric analysis with leading researchers as speakers. The funding helps to involve early-career mathematicians (including graduate students and postdocs). Particular attention is paid to identifying and supporting women and other members of underrepresented groups. \n\nThe webpage for the conference can be found at: https://googledrive.com/host/0B_keKNxvwJfwRV9MdTdlTl9fT0U/Smoky%20Cascades%20Geometry%20Conference.htm", "keywords": [], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "4780", "attributes": { "award_id": "1404899", "title": "2014 Barrett Lectures", "funder": { "id": 3, "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62", "name": "National Science Foundation", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "Unknown", "ANALYSIS PROGRAM" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [], "start_date": "2014-01-01", "end_date": "2014-12-31", "award_amount": 24480, "principal_investigator": { "id": 16584, "first_name": "Joan", "last_name": "Lind", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [ { "id": 190, "ror": "", "name": "University of Tennessee Knoxville", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "TN", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true } ] }, "other_investigators": [ { "id": 16583, "first_name": "Kenneth", "last_name": "Stephenson", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "awardee_organization": { "id": 190, "ror": "", "name": "University of Tennessee Knoxville", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "TN", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "The 2014 Barrett Lectures will be held June 16-19, 2014 at the University of Tennessee in Knoxville, Tennessee. This year's conference, entitled \"Complex Analysis in Probabilistic Settings,\" will focus on exciting recent developments in the intersection of these fields. Over the last two decades, there has been productive interplay between the fields of complex analysis and probability, with further connections to discrete mathematics, conformal geometry, and theoretical physics. Examples of this include Schramm-Loewner Evolution and random triangulations. The conference will feature leading researchers, Grégory Miermont and Steffen Rohde, who will each give a three-talk survey lecture series. Additionally, the conference format includes invited plenary talks by senior researchers, shorter communications by early-career participants, and poster and computer demonstration sessions. This project is NSF funding to support travel and other participant costs for approximately 30 participants, especially early-career researchers and graduate students.\n\nThe 2014 Barrett Lectures will be the 44th installment of a highly regarded lecture series that began as a tribute to the distinguished scientist John H. Barrett, head of our Mathematics Department at the time of his death in 1969. The past conferences have attracted a distinguished series of speakers and participants. This year's conference topics highlight two notable trends in mathematics, the penetration of probabilistic methods into classical areas and the impact of computer experimentation in studying emergent phenomena. Participants will include established senior mathematicians and the early-career researchers who will push these trends. Early-career mathematicians will have the opportunity to learn from and interact with an international slate of highly regarded researchers.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "4642", "attributes": { "award_id": "1404003", "title": "P2C2: Western Pacific Warm Pool Hydroclimate during the Last Glacial Maximum and the Deglaciation", "funder": { "id": 3, "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62", "name": "National Science Foundation", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "Geosciences (GEO)", "Paleoclimate" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 16036, "first_name": "David", "last_name": "Verardo", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2014-07-15", "end_date": "2017-12-31", "award_amount": 530005, "principal_investigator": { "id": 16038, "first_name": "Judson", "last_name": "Partin", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [ { "id": 156, "ror": "", "name": "University of Texas at Austin", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "TX", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true } ] }, "other_investigators": [ { "id": 16037, "first_name": "Yuko", "last_name": "Okumura", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "awardee_organization": { "id": 156, "ror": "", "name": "University of Texas at Austin", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "TX", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "The West Pacific Warm Pool (WPWP) plays an important role in the global hydrological cycle, and its variability has significant socioeconomic consequences around the world. Understanding past climate conditions can improve predictions of future climate changes in this key region and beyond. This study will extend both the spatial and temporal resolution of paleoclimate data for the WPWP by studying cave formations (stalagmites) for two key periods: the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM; 19,000-21,000 years ago), when the mean climate was much colder than today, and the deglaciation (11,000-19,000 years ago), during which the global climate went through abrupt changes. Comparison between the cave data from a network of sites and model outputs will strengthen the climate interpretations made, and will improve the fidelity of both the reconstructions and the climate models. \n\nThis study will generate time series of stalagmite d18O, an established proxy for rainfall amount in the tropics, from the Philippines (eastern, central, and western sites), the Solomon Islands, and Vanuatu. These sites cover a wide range of precipitation variability, as seen during the modern era, and will provide information about past climate variability at sites that currently have little to no data. This study will sample the full range of the WPWP hydrologic response to climate change by reconstructing rainfall from the LGM to the Holocene. The end members of the cold LGM and the warm Holocene provide a measure of how sensitive WPWP rainfall is to global mean temperature. The temporal evolution during the deglaciation reveals the magnitude and spatial pattern of WPWP rainfall changes associated with abrupt climate events, and how much of a role the tropics participate in these events. The proxy data will be compared with various climate model simulations from the CMIP5 and PMIP2/PMIP3 archives and other sources, focusing on the spatial pattern and seasonality of climate changes, as well as the commonalities and diversity of different models. To investigate the teleconnection mechanisms of past abrupt climate changes, additional experiments will also be conducted with an atmospheric model. The proxy-model comparison will help validate climate models, which are being used for future climate projections, and the detailed model analysis and additional experiments will elucidate the mechanism of past abrupt climate changes. The research team will work closely with local scientists in the developing countries of Vanuatu and the Philippines, exchanging knowledge about climate issues and water availability, issues that have societal and security implications for small island nations. The project will provide a research experience an undergraduate student recruited through the GEOFORCE program, which is a selective outreach program of the Jackson School of Geosciences that trains high school students, mainly from demographic underrepresented in the geosciences, and involves them in fieldwork.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "4601", "attributes": { "award_id": "1402180", "title": "Melt-Miscible Polyethylene Block Copolymers", "funder": { "id": 3, "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62", "name": "National Science Foundation", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "Mathematical and Physical Sciences (MPS)", "POLYMERS" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 15876, "first_name": "Andrew", "last_name": "Lovinger", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2014-08-01", "end_date": "2020-07-31", "award_amount": 560000, "principal_investigator": { "id": 15877, "first_name": "Richard", "last_name": "Register", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 191, "ror": "https://ror.org/00hx57361", "name": "Princeton University", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "NJ", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "TECHNICAL SUMMARY:\n\nHydrocarbon polymers exhibiting a low interaction energy density (X, proportional to the Flory-Huggins interaction parameter) against polyethylene (PE) will be developed; combining these polymers with PE in the form of block copolymer can lead to either higher-strength semicrystalline plastics, or easily-processed melt-miscible thermoplastic elastomers, depending on polymer composition and block architecture. Recently, it has been shown that certain polymers prepared via ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) of norbornene derivatives followed by catalytic hydrogenation show a relatively low X against PE, though those particular ROMP polymers have glass transition temperatures (Tg) slightly below room temperature, hence providing no mechanical reinforcement. This project will investigate other substituted norbornenes, including polymers with phenyl, cyclohexyl, and norbornyl sidegroups, all of which show Tg well above room temperature. Interaction strengths between these polymers, collectively denoted as \"PX\", and between these polymers and linear PE (LPE, prepared by hydrogenation of ROMP polycyclopentene), will be measured via the synthesis of well-defined block copolymers, at targeted molecular weights, and measurements of the melt phase behavior, including the thermotropic order-disorder transition temperature, by small-angle x-ray scattering. Random copolymer blocks will be employed to tune the solubility parameter of the norbornene-based PX block, to promote miscibility with LPE. The measured interaction energy densities will be interpreted within a solubility parameter framework if found to obey regular mixing (generating a solubility parameter \"ladder\" where each \"rung\" is a novel ROMP polymer), or within a ternary mixing framework if found to mix irregularly. These frameworks will, in turn, permit the design of PE-containing materials -- through selection of block chemistries and lengths -- which will form homogeneous, easily-processed melts. Two particular architectures will be explored, as \"test beds\" for the property modifications which can be achieved through the incorporation of high-Tg PX blocks: PX-LPE-PX triblocks with a majority crystallizable midblock, and LPE-PX-rubber-PX-LPE pentablocks, with a majority rubbery midblock. \n\nNON-TECHNICAL SUMMARY:\n\nPolyethylene (PE) is far and away the most ubiquitous synthetic polymer -- 39 billion pounds produced in the US in 2012 (and increasing, with the availability of ethylene from shale gas) -- and is familiar in daily life in applications ranging from milk jugs to weatherproofing sheet to hip replacements. PE is also combined with other polymers, in the form of a block copolymer -- where the two polymers are covalently bound -- in numerous specialty applications, including thermoplastic elastomers (TPEs): rubbers which can be melt-processed and recycled. In TPEs, melt-miscibility between the blocks facilitates melt-processing, greatly diminishing the amount of energy required. The present work seeks to develop a polymer which is both melt-miscible with PE and which has a glass transition temperature (softening point) above room temperature, to impart the strength characteristic of glassy polymers to the final block copolymer. The proposed work will provide an integrated research and educational experience for three to four graduate students and three to six undergraduates. Students will become expert in the synthesis of well-defined polymers, macromolecular characterization, structural characterization by small-angle x-ray scattering, polymer mixing thermodynamics, and polymer mechanical properties and structure-property relationships. By having students work across all phases of the project, from synthesis to test application, they gain a \"big picture\" outlook which will serve them well as a future foundation. The PI and students will engage the general public through science outreach, on the Princeton University campus and nearby schools, most immediately through the development of a large-auditorium \"Polymer Show\" to debut in 2014. A specific aim is to promote interest in, and appreciation for, polymeric materials science and technology among middle school students, including those in the Trenton public school system.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "4658", "attributes": { "award_id": "1402059", "title": "Transforming fundamental biological questions about cell membranes into quantitative experiments using model and cell systems", "funder": { "id": 3, "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62", "name": "National Science Foundation", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "Biological Sciences (BIO)", "Molecular Biophysics" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 16123, "first_name": "Wilson", "last_name": "Francisco", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2014-07-15", "end_date": "2021-06-30", "award_amount": 1262023, "principal_investigator": { "id": 16124, "first_name": "Sarah", "last_name": "Keller", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [ { "id": 159, "ror": "https://ror.org/00cvxb145", "name": "University of Washington", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "WA", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true } ] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 159, "ror": "https://ror.org/00cvxb145", "name": "University of Washington", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "WA", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "Mammals, including humans, are built out of cells. Mammalian cells are bounded by an outer membrane composed of lipids, cholesterol, and proteins. These three types of molecules are distributed nonuniformly across the cell's outer membrane, and this heterogeneity is reported to influence disease processes. However, scientists currently have little understanding of how this heterogeneity arises in cell membranes. This issue and a host of other fundamental questions about cell membranes are impractical to address in intact cells. As a result, this project will utilize simpler, tractable membrane systems. In the first case, membranes will be composed of only lipids and cholesterol. In the second case, membranes will be derived from mammalian cell outer membranes. In both cases, the membranes will be nonuniform. In this project, the researchers will conduct a series of experiments to understand the conditions under\nwhich heterogeneity arises within lipid membranes. The long-term goal of the project is to discover fundamental physical phenomena of lipid membranes that will subsequently prove applicable and relevant to biological cell membranes and to biotechnological applications. The researchers will convey the excitement and relevance of their results nationwide through press releases, public lectures, K-12 outreach, and scientific journal articles. The principal investigator will train graduate students and undergraduates for careers in STEM fields and will mentor STEM faculty.\n\nThe behavior of membranes, even of relatively simple model membranes, is remarkably rich.This project will investigate membranes that segregate into domains enriched in specific lipid (and protein) types in both model lipid bilayers and in membranes derived from cell systems. The objective of the research is to understand what physical mechanisms render domains stable, what physical parameters distinguish domains from other membrane regions, and which structural features of lipids are required for domain formation. The research is question-driven rather than technique-driven; an array of tools will be deployed including imaging of membranes on solid supports by atomic force microscopy and imaging of free-floating vesicles by fluorescence microscopy.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "4783", "attributes": { "award_id": "1401905", "title": "Student Travel Support for VMCAI 2014", "funder": { "id": 3, "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62", "name": "National Science Foundation", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "Computer and Information Science and Engineering (CISE)", "Software & Hardware Foundation" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 16593, "first_name": "Nina", "last_name": "Amla", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2013-12-15", "end_date": "2014-11-30", "award_amount": 15000, "principal_investigator": { "id": 16594, "first_name": "Ruzica", "last_name": "Piskac", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [ { "id": 452, "ror": "https://ror.org/03v76x132", "name": "Yale University", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "CT", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true } ] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 452, "ror": "https://ror.org/03v76x132", "name": "Yale University", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "CT", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "The award supports the attendance of twelve students to the International conference on Verification, Model Checking, and Abstract Interpretation (VMCAI), to be hosted in San Diego, January 19-21. VMCAI is a successful established conference that bridges the gap between the various methodologies that are used for formal verification. VMCAI been a source for much collaboration and cross-fertilization and has attracted many of the key researchers in the related fields. Students have much to gain from attending VMCAI like learning state-of-the-art methodologies, being exposed to novel techniques, and interacting with senior researchers in their chosen area of expertise. \n\nThe importance of formal verification is becoming widely accepted. Increasing the attendance of students in VMCAI will expose more students to the exciting developments in the field and in the long run will help to build a broad base of expertise in the field, which will impact both industry and academia.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "4610", "attributes": { "award_id": "1363138", "title": "Double Affine Hecke Algebras", "funder": { "id": 3, "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62", "name": "National Science Foundation", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "Mathematical and Physical Sciences (MPS)", "ALGEBRA,NUMBER THEORY,AND COM" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 15917, "first_name": "James Matthew", "last_name": "Douglass", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2014-06-01", "end_date": "2020-05-31", "award_amount": 525000, "principal_investigator": { "id": 15918, "first_name": "Ivan", "last_name": "Cherednik", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [ { "id": 166, "ror": "https://ror.org/0130frc33", "name": "University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "NC", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true } ] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 166, "ror": "https://ror.org/0130frc33", "name": "University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "NC", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "This project sits at the interface of the mathematical subfields of harmonic analysis, representation theory, and combinatorics. The project is expected to have applications to the classification of knots in three-dimensional space. It is also expected to have connections to theoretical physics. At the center of the project is a family of algebras, introduced by the PI in the middle 1990's, that have two actions by a symmetry group. These algebras are known as double affine Hecke algebras and they have found uses in several areas of mathematics, starting with their use in the proof of a conjecture of Ian Macdonald about the properties of certain orthogonal polynomials that arise from the study of symmetry.\n\nThe major themes of the proposed work are expected to be the following: (1) the theory of invariants of torus knots using the structure of double affine Hecke algebras (abbreviated DAHA), (2) a new theory of Rogers-Ramanujan identities based on nil-DAHA, (3) a surprising formula for the minimal number of creation operators in terms of non-symmetric Macdonald polynomials, and (4) the action of the absolute Galois group on the ramified covers of elliptic curves associated with perfect DAHA modules.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } } ], "meta": { "pagination": { "page": 1391, "pages": 1419, "count": 14184 } } }