Grant List
Represents Grant table in the DB
GET /v1/grants?page%5Bnumber%5D=1385&sort=title
{ "links": { "first": "https://cic-apps.datascience.columbia.edu/v1/grants?page%5Bnumber%5D=1&sort=title", "last": "https://cic-apps.datascience.columbia.edu/v1/grants?page%5Bnumber%5D=1424&sort=title", "next": "https://cic-apps.datascience.columbia.edu/v1/grants?page%5Bnumber%5D=1386&sort=title", "prev": "https://cic-apps.datascience.columbia.edu/v1/grants?page%5Bnumber%5D=1384&sort=title" }, "data": [ { "type": "Grant", "id": "8314", "attributes": { "award_id": "5R21AI163910-02", "title": "Unravelling the mechanisms of virus host species jump", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 24114, "first_name": "RAJEEV", "last_name": "Gautam", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2021-05-26", "end_date": "2023-04-30", "award_amount": 196250, "principal_investigator": { "id": 24115, "first_name": "Grant", "last_name": "McFadden", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [ { "id": 912, "ror": "", "name": "ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY-TEMPE CAMPUS", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "AZ", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true } ] }, "other_investigators": [ { "id": 24116, "first_name": "Masmudur M", "last_name": "Rahman", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, { "id": 24117, "first_name": "ARVIND", "last_name": "VARSANI", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "awardee_organization": { "id": 912, "ror": "", "name": "ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY-TEMPE CAMPUS", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "AZ", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "The mechanisms enabling cross-species jumps of viruses, for example current coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and sporadic outbreak of monkeypox virus in Africa and USA into a new naive host species have long been a subject of scientific interest. In the case of poxviruses, it is thought to be modulated by many host range factors derived from both the host and virus. Myxoma virus (MYXV) is the causative agent of myxomatosis, a lethal disease in the European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus). The introduction of MYXV to control feral European rabbit populations in Australia and Europe, in the early 1950s, presents the best-documented field example of host–virus co-evolution, following a cross-species transmission. In the case of MYXV, the virus is nonpathogenic in its evolutionary host (Sylvilagus sp.) but was extremely lethal immediately after it leaped into European rabbits in the late 19th century. Until recently, MYXV was only known to cause myxomatosis in European rabbits. However, in 2018, deceased wild Iberian hares with lesions consistent with those observed in myxomatosis were found in Spain, suggesting a likely recent outbreak of myxomatosis in this Iberian hare population. Our inquiry into the causative agent of these lesions resulted in the identification of a new recombinant MYXV, hereby referred to as MYXV Toledo (MYXV-Tol). The genome of this new strain is ~99 % identical to MYXV variants /strains previously reported circulating in rabbits, with the exception of the insertion of a new recombinant region ~2,800 bp in length and three disrupted genes (M009L, M036L and M152R). In this novel recombinant insertion region, a new orthologue of a poxvirus host range gene called M159 was identified, which is homologous to the poxvirus C7L-like host range factor superfamily. Our preliminary results with recombinant virus constructs confirm that M159 is the key host range protein that allowed MYXV-Tol species leap in hares. Our goal is to elucidate the mechanisms of this cross-species spillover by studying M159 functions. We thereby propose to address the following aims to investigate the mechanisms of this novel poxvirus host range protein M159 in MYXV-Tol and how it influences virus replication and virulence: Aim 1: Elucidate the biological mechanism(s) of cross-species jumping of the newly identified MYXV-Tol host range protein M159. Aim 2: Define the relevance of the new host range protein, M159, for in vivo infection and replication in a European rabbit model. This R21 proposal will enable us to gain insight into the role MYXV-Tol host range protein M159 plays on the virus replication, regulation of host immune system, and pathogenicity.", "keywords": [ "Address", "Africa", "Animals", "Antiviral Agents", "Australia", "Automobile Driving", "Biological", "Biological Models", "Blood", "COVID-19 outbreak", "COVID-19 pandemic", "Cancer cell line", "Cell Death", "Cell Line", "Cells", "Complex", "Coronavirus", "DNA cassette", "Disease", "Disease Outbreaks", "Disease Progression", "Europe", "European", "Evolution", "Family", "Family member", "Gene Order", "Genes", "Genome", "Genomic Segment", "Goals", "Government", "Hares", "Health", "Histology", "Human", "Human Cell Line", "Immune system", "In Vitro", "Infection", "Knock-out", "Length", "Lesion", "Leukocytes", "Mediating", "Modeling", "Monkeypox virus", "Myxoma virus", "New Zealand", "Organ", "Oryctolagus cuniculus", "Outcome", "Pathogenesis", "Pathogenicity", "Pathway interactions", "Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell", "Play", "Polynucleotide Adenylyltransferase", "Population", "Poxviridae", "Protein Family", "Proteins", "Proteomics", "Province", "Recombinants", "Regulation", "Reporting", "Role", "Sampling", "Source", "Spain", "Systemic infection", "Tanapox viruses", "Testing", "Thymidine Kinase", "Tissues", "Ungulate", "Variant", "Viral", "Viral Proteins", "Virion", "Virulence", "Virus", "Virus Replication", "Wild Animals", "Zoonoses", "authority", "base", "cancer cell", "cross-species transmission", "in vivo", "in vivo evaluation", "insight", "interest", "member", "novel", "protein function", "recombinant virus" ], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "8315", "attributes": { "award_id": "1R21AI163910-01", "title": "Unravelling the mechanisms of virus host species jump", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 24114, "first_name": "RAJEEV", "last_name": "Gautam", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2021-05-26", "end_date": "2023-04-30", "award_amount": 235500, "principal_investigator": { "id": 24115, "first_name": "Grant", "last_name": "McFadden", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [ { "id": 912, "ror": "", "name": "ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY-TEMPE CAMPUS", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "AZ", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true } ] }, "other_investigators": [ { "id": 24116, "first_name": "Masmudur M", "last_name": "Rahman", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, { "id": 24117, "first_name": "ARVIND", "last_name": "VARSANI", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "awardee_organization": { "id": 912, "ror": "", "name": "ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY-TEMPE CAMPUS", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "AZ", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "The mechanisms enabling cross-species jumps of viruses, for example current coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and sporadic outbreak of monkeypox virus in Africa and USA into a new naive host species have long been a subject of scientific interest. In the case of poxviruses, it is thought to be modulated by many host range factors derived from both the host and virus. Myxoma virus (MYXV) is the causative agent of myxomatosis, a lethal disease in the European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus). The introduction of MYXV to control feral European rabbit populations in Australia and Europe, in the early 1950s, presents the best-documented field example of host–virus co-evolution, following a cross-species transmission. In the case of MYXV, the virus is nonpathogenic in its evolutionary host (Sylvilagus sp.) but was extremely lethal immediately after it leaped into European rabbits in the late 19th century. Until recently, MYXV was only known to cause myxomatosis in European rabbits. However, in 2018, deceased wild Iberian hares with lesions consistent with those observed in myxomatosis were found in Spain, suggesting a likely recent outbreak of myxomatosis in this Iberian hare population. Our inquiry into the causative agent of these lesions resulted in the identification of a new recombinant MYXV, hereby referred to as MYXV Toledo (MYXV-Tol). The genome of this new strain is ~99 % identical to MYXV variants /strains previously reported circulating in rabbits, with the exception of the insertion of a new recombinant region ~2,800 bp in length and three disrupted genes (M009L, M036L and M152R). In this novel recombinant insertion region, a new orthologue of a poxvirus host range gene called M159 was identified, which is homologous to the poxvirus C7L-like host range factor superfamily. Our preliminary results with recombinant virus constructs confirm that M159 is the key host range protein that allowed MYXV-Tol species leap in hares. Our goal is to elucidate the mechanisms of this cross-species spillover by studying M159 functions. We thereby propose to address the following aims to investigate the mechanisms of this novel poxvirus host range protein M159 in MYXV-Tol and how it influences virus replication and virulence: Aim 1: Elucidate the biological mechanism(s) of cross-species jumping of the newly identified MYXV-Tol host range protein M159. Aim 2: Define the relevance of the new host range protein, M159, for in vivo infection and replication in a European rabbit model. This R21 proposal will enable us to gain insight into the role MYXV-Tol host range protein M159 plays on the virus replication, regulation of host immune system, and pathogenicity.", "keywords": [ "Address", "Africa", "Animals", "Antiviral Agents", "Australia", "Automobile Driving", "Biological", "Biological Models", "Blood", "COVID-19 outbreak", "COVID-19 pandemic", "Cancer cell line", "Cell Death", "Cell Line", "Cells", "Complex", "Coronavirus", "DNA cassette", "Disease", "Disease Outbreaks", "Disease Progression", "Europe", "European", "Evolution", "Family", "Family member", "Gene Order", "Genes", "Genome", "Genomic Segment", "Goals", "Government", "Hares", "Health", "Histology", "Human", "Human Cell Line", "Immune system", "In Vitro", "Infection", "Knock-out", "Length", "Lesion", "Leukocytes", "Mediating", "Modeling", "Monkeypox virus", "Myxoma virus", "New Zealand", "Organ", "Oryctolagus cuniculus", "Outcome", "Pathogenesis", "Pathogenicity", "Pathway interactions", "Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell", "Play", "Polynucleotide Adenylyltransferase", "Population", "Poxviridae", "Protein Family", "Proteins", "Proteomics", "Province", "Recombinants", "Regulation", "Reporting", "Role", "Sampling", "Source", "Spain", "Systemic infection", "Tanapox viruses", "Testing", "Thymidine Kinase", "Tissues", "Ungulate", "Variant", "Viral", "Viral Proteins", "Virion", "Virulence", "Virus", "Virus Replication", "Wild Animals", "Zoonoses", "authority", "base", "cancer cell", "cross-species transmission", "in vivo", "in vivo evaluation", "insight", "interest", "member", "novel", "protein function", "recombinant virus" ], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "4048", "attributes": { "award_id": "1636104", "title": "UNS Collaborative Research: Optimizing Microfilter Productivity During Water Treatment: Modeling and Experimental Verification", "funder": { "id": 3, "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62", "name": "National Science Foundation", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "Unknown", "EnvE-Environmental Engineering" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 13574, "first_name": "Karl", "last_name": "Rockne", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2015-08-15", "end_date": "2020-12-31", "award_amount": 179415, "principal_investigator": { "id": 13575, "first_name": "Shankar", "last_name": "Chellam", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [ { "id": 282, "ror": "", "name": "Texas A&M Engineering Experiment Station", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "TX", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true } ] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 282, "ror": "", "name": "Texas A&M Engineering Experiment Station", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "TX", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "1510743 \nCogan \n\n1510526 \nChellam \n\nThis collaborative project results from the excellent filtered water quality of microfiltration membranes which are increasingly implemented for environmental and industrial water/wastewater separations. Tremendous effort has been spent studying fouling mechanisms during microfiltration; however, membrane fouling control by backwashing and air scouring remain largely unexplored topics. This work builds upon the PIs significant past collaborations to develop models of membrane processes. The proposed research will yield a rigorous mathematical framework along with systematic experimental validation to maximize microfiltration water productivity by maintaining high flux with periodic regeneration and electrocoagulation/flocculation pretreatment. This project provides a unique perspective to train students at all levels in multidisciplinary studies and broadening participation in science and engineering. \n\nThe proposed research represents a synergistic collaboration between an experimentalist with expertise in membrane filtration and a mathematician with long-term expertise in modeling, fluid dynamics, and optimal control to make potentially transformative contributions to fouling control. The PIs tackle the problem of maximizing the cumulative volume of surface water filtered by hollow-fiber microfiltration incorporating periodic regeneration using optimal control theory. This study also includes sensitivity analysis and data assimilation, complementary mathematical processes used to quantify aspects of variability that arise in both theoretical and experimental studies due to underlying stochastic processes, uncertainty in measurements, or errors in approximations. Complementary laboratory measurements are aimed at generating necessary data for model validation as well as novel interfacial chemical characterization, to discern the sequence of mechanisms that lead to (ir)reversible fouling. Additionally, experiments and modeling will encompass Lake Houston water pretreated using an innovative electrochemical process, namely electrocoagulation with sacrificial aluminum electrodes. The underlying mathematical approach requires specific experimental measurements to determine sensitivity rankings for parameters (and hence physical quantities), statistical likelihood estimates for parameter distributions, and advanced optimal control analysis. Similarly, the experimental approach requires predictions such as key parameter regimes to explore, specific areas of uncertainty that can be reduced, and validation experiments to consolidate the real-world behavior with the mathematical predictions. This is facilitated by seamless collaboration, established over the past seven years or so, that brings together substantial experience on experimental and theoretical aspects to the project. Input will also be obtained from external stakeholders including a membrane manufacturer (Pall Corporation) and a water purveyor (Orange County Water District) who will provide hollow fibers as well as operational data from their long-term pilot-studies. They will also evaluate our methods and results to attempt to increase the productivity during low-pressure membrane filtration.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "4041", "attributes": { "award_id": "1510461", "title": "UNS: Dynamics of Microbial Agents in Sewer Systems and Wet Weather Flow", "funder": { "id": 3, "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62", "name": "National Science Foundation", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "Unknown", "EnvE-Environmental Engineering" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 13550, "first_name": "Karl", "last_name": "Rockne", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2016-03-15", "end_date": "2021-02-28", "award_amount": 332441, "principal_investigator": { "id": 13551, "first_name": "NICOLE", "last_name": "FAHRENFELD", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [ { "id": 218, "ror": "", "name": "Rutgers University New Brunswick", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "NJ", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true } ] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 218, "ror": "", "name": "Rutgers University New Brunswick", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "NJ", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "1510461\nFahrenfeld\n\nSince wastewater treatment systems are designed to inactivate infectious agents, the Center for Disease Control (CDC) allows urine and fecal matter from patients with infectious diseases to enter sanitary sewers. However, sewer overflows during wet weather flow are a widespread issue in the US. Sewer solids are a major contributor to pollution during urban wet weather flows. Therefore, sewers are not merely a conduit for wastewater, but rather, complex bioreactors: microorganisms can decay, grow, and have their transport attenuated during conveyance. Surprisingly little is known about the biological processes which occur the sewer deposits and their effect on the fate of microbial agents (i.e., pathogens and antibiotic resistant bacteria) and that is the objective of this proposed project. \n\nTo perform Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment for overflow events, optimize sewer maintenance plans, and design wet weather flow treatment, it is necessary to understand the processes affecting the survival of microbial agents (here defined as pathogens and antibiotic resistant bacteria) in sewer solids and biofilms. This is especially true in the case of sewer overflows, but is also important in order to use sewer samples for tracking the incidence of human disease. Sewer surveillance is a useful tool for epidemiology that would benefit from improved understanding of the fate of microbial agents during conveyance in sewer systems. A field survey will be performed to determine the biochemical factors driving the microbial quality of sewer deposits and the relative loading of microbial agents in wastewater and sewer deposits. Next, a controlled simulated sewer experiment will be performed to determine the fate of microbial agents in sewer deposits to provide kinetic data in sewer sediments and biofilm. Finally, a combined sewer overflow (CSO) event will be sampled to characterize the flux of the microbial agents during wet weather flow events. This field study will use the microbial signatures of sewer sediments developed to differentiate between the flux of microbial agents from sewer solids and wastewater. High-throughput, viability-based molecular assays will be applied in this study and allow for sensitive detection of pathogens and the determination of the dynamics of the viable and non-viable antibiotic resistance gene loads. This understanding is essential for determining the risk posed by antibiotic resistant genes in sewer sediments upon release in the environment. Overall, the proposed project will provide critical insight into the fate of microbial agents in sewers and during wet weather flow. The research approach extends biomolecular analytical methods for understanding the fate of microbial agents in sewer deposits. The quantitative data gathered on the environmental factors driving the proliferation of pathogen and antibiotic resistance in sewers will inform quantitative microbial risk assessment, improve models of wet weather pollution events, and aid in the development of mitigation strategies. Of particular interest is the potential application of the knowledge gained here on in-sewer biological processes for improved implementation of sewer surveillance for tracking infectious disease. Sewer epidemiological methods are currently limited by our lack of understanding of critical environmental factors and biochemical processes driving the fate of microbial agents in sewers. Therefore, this work has the potential to transform not only our ability to protect public health during wet weather flow, but also our ability to perform public health surveillance in the sewer matrix. The project targets: (1) recruiting and retaining undergraduate women students in engineering; and, (2) improving scientific literacy. Educational materials and learning modules will be developed and presented biannually in STEM outreach to Girl Scouts (grades 6-12) and at Rutgers Day. A project website will be created to improve public scientific literacy and broaden public knowledge of CSO issues.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "4432", "attributes": { "award_id": "1512764", "title": "UNS: Engineering Infection-Free Implants for Skeletal Reconstruction", "funder": { "id": 3, "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62", "name": "National Science Foundation", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "Engineering (ENG)", "Disability & Rehab Engineering" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 15144, "first_name": "Grace", "last_name": "Hwang", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2015-10-01", "end_date": "2021-09-30", "award_amount": 315569, "principal_investigator": { "id": 15145, "first_name": "Huinan", "last_name": "Liu", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [ { "id": 153, "ror": "", "name": "University of California-Riverside", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "CA", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true } ] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 153, "ror": "", "name": "University of California-Riverside", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "CA", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "More than 50 million people per year worldwide need synthetic implants to help recover from bone loss or injury resulting from trauma or disease. This project seeks to develop a new class of materials that, for the first time, has all of the properties of an ideal implant: it should support body weight and mechanical stress, suppress infection, enhance bone healing, and ultimately dissolve harmlessly as bone tissue grows back. While more than 100 synthetic bone grafts are approved for clinical use, none of them has all of these properties. This research not only addresses the challenges in treating critical-sized large bone defects to restore mobility and independent life of patients, but also significantly reduces the clinical dependence on antibiotics and expensive growth factors, thus reducing associated side effects (e.g., antibiotic resistance) and health care costs. The outcome of this research will lead to the next-generation implants that have the combined advantages of current metallic and polymeric implants while eliminating their problems. More broadly, this project will open up new avenues of research in smart resorbable materials, build the foundation for practical design guidelines, benefit millions of patients with skeletal injuries or diseases, and attract significant interests of implant industry for technology transfer. These, in turn, will increase the competitiveness of U.S. companies in the global medical device market. The integrated research and education plans will also have broader impacts on graduate, undergraduate, and pre-college education as well as public awareness about engineering solutions that benefit health care. In collaboration with the existing programs at the University of California, Riverside, the Principal Investigator will attract underrepresented minority students and students with disabilities, motivate pre-college students through fun biomaterial modules with ALPHA center and MESA Schools Programs, and educate the public through collaborative events with Bourns Science and Engineering Day. \n\nThe overall objective of this project is to engineer a novel resorbable antibacterial osteoinductive implant (RAOI) that will bear weight and resist bending and torsion. Specifically, the RAOI consists of bioresorbable, biocompatible and mechanically strong magnesium alloys as the bulk substrate and engineered nanostructures on the surface to prevent infection and enhance bone regeneration. The novelty of RAOI design lies in its integrated multifunctionality that can potentially meet ALL criteria for an ideal implant for the first time. To unlock the full potential of magnesium alloys, we must address the critical scientific and engineering challenge of controlling their degradation rate. Our novel approach is to create engineered nanostructures on the surface of magnesium alloys to achieve the three key functions simultaneously: (1) modulate degradation rate of bulk magnesium substrates, (2) reduce adhesion and viability of pathogenic bacteria, and (3) enhance adhesion and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells for faster bone healing.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "4536", "attributes": { "award_id": "1510920", "title": "UNS: Integrated Tissue Engineering: A Gastrointestinal-Liver Platform to Investigate the Metabolism of Chemicals", "funder": { "id": 3, "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62", "name": "National Science Foundation", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "Engineering (ENG)", "Engineering of Biomed Systems" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 15613, "first_name": "Stephanie", "last_name": "George", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2015-09-15", "end_date": "2020-08-31", "award_amount": 349999, "principal_investigator": { "id": 15614, "first_name": "Padmavathy", "last_name": "Rajagopalan", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [ { "id": 244, "ror": "", "name": "Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "VA", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true } ] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 244, "ror": "", "name": "Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "VA", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "PI: Rajagopalan, Padmavathy \nProposal Number: 1510920\n\nThe gastrointestinal (GI) tract and the liver are organs in the body that absorb and metabolize a portion of ingested chemicals and nutrients. As such, they serve as defense mechanisms against harmful chemicals and pathogens. This project focuses on engineering an integrated GI and liver tissue to obtain information on how these organs work in unison to metabolize chemicals.\n\nThe metabolism of a wide range of chemicals, drugs, and pharmaceuticals is mediated by the dual and complementary actions of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and liver. However, there is a significant lack in understanding how integrating tissue mimics of these organs function cohesively. Current studies that use simplistic monolayers fail to capture the complex interactions in vivo. The PI proposes integrating three-dimensional (3D) tissue mimics of the liver and GI to obtain physiologically relevant information on their relative contributions to the biotransformation of chemicals. The changes in the function and properties of each tissue upon exposure to chemicals will be investigated under static and dynamic flow conditions. The following research objectives are proposed. 1. Design an integrated GI-Liver platform using a primary intestinal cell sheet and a 3D multi-cellular hepatic organotypic culture model. 2. Investigate the integrated GI-Liver platform in the presence of dynamic flow. 3. Investigate the effect of chemicals using the GI-liver platform. With regard to broader impacts, the PI will conduct K-12 educational outreach through a weeklong activity for female high school students. The students will learn to identify changes in liver and GI systems upon adding chemicals. This activity will enable students to learn how to identify and formulate a research problem, to conduct statistical analyses, and to work in teams.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "4408", "attributes": { "award_id": "1510281", "title": "UNS:Collaborative Research: Coded-illumination Fourier Ptychography for High-content Multimodal Imaging", "funder": { "id": 3, "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62", "name": "National Science Foundation", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "Engineering (ENG)", "BioP-Biophotonics" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 15041, "first_name": "Leon", "last_name": "Esterowitz", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2015-09-01", "end_date": "2020-08-31", "award_amount": 299913, "principal_investigator": { "id": 15042, "first_name": "Charles", "last_name": "DiMarzio", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [ { "id": 184, "ror": "https://ror.org/04t5xt781", "name": "Northeastern University", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "MA", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true } ] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 184, "ror": "https://ror.org/04t5xt781", "name": "Northeastern University", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "MA", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "Abstract (Collaborative) \nPI: Zheng, Guoan \nProposal:1510077 \n\nPI: DiMarzio, Charles \nProposal: 1510280 \n\nThis project will develop a new prototype microscope of ultra-high sensitivity with super-high resolution, yet with the ability to provide 3D imaging at a large field-of-view and rapid imaging. \n\n\nThe proposal aims to develop a new type of microscopy technique, (coded-illumination Fourier ptychography), that incorporates the innovations of novel Fourier data recovery, structured illumination for tissue sectioning, multi-layer modeling, and spectrum multiplexing. Iteration across data acquisitions is used to optimize to a final image solution. Increased image dimensionality, either spectral or spatial, is a highly desired commodity. If these techniques can be made routine, then many areas of microscopy could benefit. The proposal reflects substantial outreach to women and significant educational efforts towards graduates and undergraduates.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "5388", "attributes": { "award_id": "1R21AI171702-01", "title": "Untangling the mechanisms of initiation and discontinuous RNA synthesis by COVID-19 RdRp", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 18865, "first_name": "DIPANWITA", "last_name": "Basu", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2022-06-01", "end_date": "2024-05-31", "award_amount": 202936, "principal_investigator": { "id": 18866, "first_name": "SERGEI", "last_name": "BORUKHOV", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [ { "id": 18867, "first_name": "SHIMON", "last_name": "WEISS", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "awardee_organization": { "id": 818, "ror": "", "name": "UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "CA", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "SUMMARY/ ABSTRACT The broad goal of this collaborative project is to understand the molecular mechanisms of initiation and discontinuous RNA synthesis by the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) and establish determinants that regulate these processes. To this end, the laboratories of Dr. Sergei Borukhov at Rowan University SOM and of Dr. Shimon Weiss at UCLA will: (i) reconstitute an in vitro minimal SARS-CoV2 transcription/replication system capable of primer-independent (de novo) and protein-primed initiation of (-) and (+) RNA strand synthesis using viral RdRp, 5’-UTR and 3’-UTR RNA elements, and nucleotidylated (uridylated and guanylated) viral non-structural proteins nsp8 and nsp9; (ii) characterize the process of viral transcription/replication initiation biochemically and determine the contribution of viral protein factors (nsp9, nsp10, nsp13, nsp14, and N protein), using gel-based ensemble assays as well as recently developed single- molecule RdRp activity assays; (iii) reconstitute SARS-CoV-2 discontinuous transcription system in which RdRp pauses during RNA synthesis at transcription-regulating sequences (TRSs) and switches RNA templates to produce nested sets of sub-genomic mRNAs; (iv) develop both single-molecule and ensemble level assays such as single-molecule FRET based template switching assay, RNA-protein cross-linking, exonuclease-footprinting and localized Fe2+ -induced hydroxyl-radical mapping to characterize the discontinuous transcription intermediates (e.g., paused, paused-backtracked, and template-switched RdRp complexes); (v) identify viral and human host cell protein factors that are required for template-switching.", "keywords": [ "2019-nCoV", "Address", "Antiviral Agents", "Binding", "Biochemical", "Biological Assay", "COVID-19", "COVID-19 pandemic", "Catalytic Domain", "Cells", "Complex", "Coronavirus", "Development", "Elements", "Engineering", "Event", "Exhibits", "Exonuclease", "Fluorescence", "Gel", "Genetic Transcription", "Genomics", "Goals", "Human", "Hydroxyl Radical", "In Vitro", "Incubated", "Label", "Laboratories", "Length", "Mediating", "Messenger RNA", "Methods", "Molecular", "Nonstructural Protein", "Nucleotides", "Open Reading Frames", "Positioning Attribute", "Process", "Proteins", "RNA", "RNA chemical synthesis", "RNA primers", "RNA replication", "RNA-Directed RNA Polymerase", "Reaction", "Replication Initiation", "Reporter", "Role", "Sorbus", "Structure", "System", "Testing", "Transcription Initiation", "Universities", "Untranslated Regions", "Viral", "Viral Proteins", "base", "crosslink", "design", "genomic RNA", "guanylate", "helicase", "in vivo", "oligomycin sensitivity-conferring protein", "pathogen", "recombinant RNA", "reconstitution", "single molecule", "single-molecule FRET", "targeted agent", "uridylate", "viral RNA" ], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "11541", "attributes": { "award_id": "5R21AI171702-02", "title": "Untangling the mechanisms of initiation and discontinuous RNA synthesis by COVID-19 RdRp", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 26420, "first_name": "MARY KATHERINE", "last_name": "Bradford", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2022-06-01", "end_date": "2024-05-31", "award_amount": 227841, "principal_investigator": { "id": 7770, "first_name": "SERGEI", "last_name": "BORUKHOV", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [ { "id": 818, "ror": "", "name": "UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "CA", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true } ] }, "other_investigators": [ { "id": 7771, "first_name": "SHIMON", "last_name": "WEISS", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "awardee_organization": { "id": 818, "ror": "", "name": "UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "CA", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "SUMMARY/ ABSTRACT The broad goal of this collaborative project is to understand the molecular mechanisms of initiation and discontinuous RNA synthesis by the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) and establish determinants that regulate these processes. To this end, the laboratories of Dr. Sergei Borukhov at Rowan University SOM and of Dr. Shimon Weiss at UCLA will: (i) reconstitute an in vitro minimal SARS-CoV2 transcription/replication system capable of primer-independent (de novo) and protein-primed initiation of (-) and (+) RNA strand synthesis using viral RdRp, 5’-UTR and 3’-UTR RNA elements, and nucleotidylated (uridylated and guanylated) viral non-structural proteins nsp8 and nsp9; (ii) characterize the process of viral transcription/replication initiation biochemically and determine the contribution of viral protein factors (nsp9, nsp10, nsp13, nsp14, and N protein), using gel-based ensemble assays as well as recently developed single- molecule RdRp activity assays; (iii) reconstitute SARS-CoV-2 discontinuous transcription system in which RdRp pauses during RNA synthesis at transcription-regulating sequences (TRSs) and switches RNA templates to produce nested sets of sub-genomic mRNAs; (iv) develop both single-molecule and ensemble level assays such as single-molecule FRET based template switching assay, RNA-protein cross-linking, exonuclease-footprinting and localized Fe2+ -induced hydroxyl-radical mapping to characterize the discontinuous transcription intermediates (e.g., paused, paused-backtracked, and template-switched RdRp complexes); (v) identify viral and human host cell protein factors that are required for template-switching.", "keywords": [ "2019-nCoV", "Address", "Antiviral Agents", "Binding", "Biochemical", "Biological Assay", "COVID-19", "COVID-19 pandemic", "Catalytic Domain", "Cells", "Complex", "Elements", "Engineering", "Event", "Exhibits", "Exonuclease", "Fluorescence", "Gel", "Genetic Transcription", "Goals", "Human", "Hydroxyl Radical", "In Vitro", "Incubated", "Label", "Laboratories", "Length", "Maps", "Mediating", "Messenger RNA", "Methods", "Molecular", "Nucleotides", "Positioning Attribute", "Process", "Proteins", "RNA", "RNA chemical synthesis", "RNA primers", "RNA replication", "RNA-Directed RNA Polymerase", "Reaction", "Replication Initiation", "Reporter", "Role", "Sorbus", "Structure", "System", "Testing", "Transcription Initiation", "Universities", "Untranslated Regions", "Viral", "Viral Nonstructural Proteins", "Viral Proteins", "antiviral drug development", "design", "genomic RNA", "guanylate", "helicase", "in vivo", "pathogen", "protein crosslink", "recombinant RNA", "reconstitution", "single molecule", "single-molecule FRET", "targeted agent", "uridylate", "viral RNA" ], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "1215", "attributes": { "award_id": "2140320", "title": "Unveiling Functionally Critical, Ephemeral RNA (un)folding States with Magnetic Tape Head Tweezers", "funder": { "id": 3, "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62", "name": "National Science Foundation", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "Biological Sciences (BIO)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 3112, "first_name": "Jaroslaw", "last_name": "Majewski", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2021-12-01", "end_date": "2024-11-30", "award_amount": 675000, "principal_investigator": { "id": 3113, "first_name": "Nils G", "last_name": "Walter", "orcid": null, "emails": "[email protected]", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [ { "id": 169, "ror": "", "name": "Regents of the University of Michigan - Ann Arbor", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "MI", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true } ] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 169, "ror": "", "name": "Regents of the University of Michigan - Ann Arbor", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "MI", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "RNA, or ribonucleic acid, is the molecular cousin of DNA, the genetic blueprint of the cell, and bears a seemingly minor difference in chemical composition. This difference, however small, together with the absence of a second, complementary strand, enables single RNA molecules to fold into structures that can be as intricate as those of proteins. This folding lays the foundation for a multitude of cellular RNA functions, particularly controlling and executing gene expression, including of viruses and bacteria. The current project will investigate the kinetics and thermodynamics with which a foundational set of RNA structures, ranging from a hairpin found in the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) to a pseudoknot and a long-range docking architecture found in two bacterial RNAs, fold and undergo functionally important structural rearrangements from single base pairs to the entire RNA molecule. Bridging the associated broad time and length scales will be achieved using a novel magnetic tape head pulling approach to interrogate individual surface tethered RNA molecules, with the goal of conquering a long-standing challenge in understanding biologically important RNA structure-dynamics-function relationships― that of the coupling of short- with long-range fluctuations. Specifically, the hypothesis will be tested that the formation of individual base pairs guides the formation of large helical elements, which in turn govern the accessible topology as the RNA folds. It is anticipated that the results will provide the basis for general models of RNA folding while also inspiring a diverse group of high school and undergraduate students getting involved in this research to pursue a STEM degree.RNA molecules are unique among biopolymers in that they couple inheritable sequence information with the ability to fold into complex three-dimensional structures with important biological functions in gene regulation. After decades of study, the precise links of RNA sequence with folding and function are only starting to emerge, in part due to the challenging range of scales exhibited by RNA folding – fast, sub-millisecond base pair fluctuations give rise to minute-slow, large-scale conformational rearrangements. The current project introduces a novel experimental platform for RNA studies, capable of interrogating this entire time and length regime relevant to RNA (un)folding. Specifically, preliminary data demonstrate the use of a magnetic tape head force spectrometer to pull for hours at microsecond time resolution on single superparamagnetic-bead tethered RNA molecules, using a wide, physiologically relevant force range of 0 to 50 pN. This project will focus on three long-studied gene regulatory RNAs of increasing structural complexity: the HIV TAR hairpin, the small preQ1 riboswitch pseudoknot, and the four-way junction Mn2+ riboswitch. Combined with computational modeling, this set of targets is anticipated to help reveal the contributions of sequence and ligand binding to RNA (un)folding in unprecedented detail. Complementarily, a multi-pronged approach will be pursued to involve traditionally underrepresented high school and undergraduate students in research, aiming for an impact in the nearby city of Detroit. This project thus aims to leverage technology to present educational research activities that engage the broader public in a scientific topic – RNA – cast into the spotlight by the COVID-19 pandemic.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } } ], "meta": { "pagination": { "page": 1385, "pages": 1424, "count": 14236 } } }