Grant List
Represents Grant table in the DB
GET /v1/grants?page%5Bnumber%5D=1385&sort=funder
{ "links": { "first": "https://cic-apps.datascience.columbia.edu/v1/grants?page%5Bnumber%5D=1&sort=funder", "last": "https://cic-apps.datascience.columbia.edu/v1/grants?page%5Bnumber%5D=1405&sort=funder", "next": "https://cic-apps.datascience.columbia.edu/v1/grants?page%5Bnumber%5D=1386&sort=funder", "prev": "https://cic-apps.datascience.columbia.edu/v1/grants?page%5Bnumber%5D=1384&sort=funder" }, "data": [ { "type": "Grant", "id": "12030", "attributes": { "award_id": "5R01HD108887-02", "title": "Investigating the impacts of COVID-19 school closures on long-term adjustment in youth with or at risk for disability", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 8605, "first_name": "JAMES", "last_name": "GRIFFIN", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2022-07-18", "end_date": "2027-05-31", "award_amount": 638881, "principal_investigator": { "id": 11920, "first_name": "David S.", "last_name": "DeGarmo", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [ { "id": 25556, "first_name": "Cameron Leigh", "last_name": "Neece", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, { "id": 27908, "first_name": "LAURA LEE", "last_name": "MCINTYRE", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "awardee_organization": { "id": 1156, "ror": "https://ror.org/0293rh119", "name": "University of Oregon", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "OR", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "7. Project Summary/Abstract This application investigates the long-term impact of COVID-19 pandemic-related school closures on child and parent outcomes in a large and diverse sample of children and families recruited from Oregon and California. The proposed study will draw from four existing federally funded prospective longitudinal studies investigating the development of child emotional and behavior problems and related parenting experiences among preschool and school aged children with and without developmental disabilities (DD; R01HD059838, R01HD093667, R21MH114075, R324A180037). The targeted sample will include 613 children, ages 4–15 years, their caregivers, and their teachers who have been previously recruited and enrolled in separate studies. Two of the four studies are randomized controlled trials in which parents received behavioral parent training intervention to improve parent adjustment and child emotional and behavioral problems in youth with (n = 257) and without DD (n = 356). This application proposes to continue to follow these study cohorts over a period of three years and collect six additional assessments (Fall/Spring) of child and parent outcomes to assess long-term impact of pandemic-related school closures on children and families. We will employ harmonized data across the four related developmental prospective and experimental studies to estimate and describe growth in child emotional and behavioral problems and parenting adjustment across three specific COVID-19 school closure phases using piecewise growth model periods: (a) Pre-school closure, (b) During school closure, and (c) Post-school closure. We will employ cohort-sequential missing data models with propensity score matching of independent studies, study cohorts, and intervention conditions to compare estimated prospective school closure phases. We will test the impact of perceived COVID-related stress on the growth of child emotional and behavior problems and parenting adjustment across the three specific COVID19 school closure phases and test whether behavioral parent training intervention serves as a buffer to COVID- related stress impacts on child emotional and behavior problems and parenting adjustment. The COVID-19 pandemic has undoubtedly impacted children, families, and educators in important ways, notably through loss of educational services, economic and financial loss, illness or risk of illness, and stress and mental health impacts. The extent to which these impacts affect long-term outcomes is unknown. Focusing on the long-term impacts of pandemic-related school closures is a significant public health issue with implications for both policy and intervention practices. Our sample is racially, ethnically, economically, and geographically diverse providing additional generalizability of our findings. This proposal draws on our existing strengths in conducting longitudinal intervention and prevention trials with children and youth with or at-risk for disability, our longstanding collaborations, and the complementary expertise of the investigator team.", "keywords": [ "Adult", "Affect", "Age", "Automobile Driving", "Behavioral", "Buffers", "COVID-19", "COVID-19 impact", "COVID-19 pandemic", "COVID-19 pandemic effects", "California", "Caregivers", "Child", "Child Development", "Child Rearing", "Child Support", "Clinical", "Cohort Studies", "Collaborations", "Data", "Data Pooling", "Development", "Developmental Delay Disorders", "Developmental Disabilities", "Disabled Children", "Economics", "Education", "Educational Intervention", "Emotional", "Employment", "Enrollment", "Ethnic Origin", "Exhibits", "Family", "Funding", "Geography", "Growth", "Home", "Individual", "Intervention", "Intervention Trial", "Long-Term Effects", "Longitudinal Studies", "Mental Health", "Modeling", "Nursery Schools", "Oregon", "Outcome", "Parents", "Phase", "Policies", "Prevention trial", "Problem behavior", "Prospective Studies", "Psychopathology", "Public Health", "Race", "Randomized Controlled Trials", "Recommendation", "Recovery", "Reporting", "Research", "Research Personnel", "Risk", "Sampling", "School-Age Population", "Schools", "Services", "Social isolation", "Stress", "Testing", "Time", "Transact", "Youth", "clinically significant", "cohort", "coronavirus disease", "data harmonization", "data modeling", "disability", "disability risk", "ethnic minority", "experience", "experimental study", "falls", "high risk", "improved", "long term consequences of COVID-19", "longitudinal prospective study", "pandemic disease", "pandemic impact", "pandemic stress", "post-pandemic", "prospective", "racial minority", "randomized controlled study", "rate of change", "recruit", "school closure", "stress management", "teacher", "underserved minority" ], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "12031", "attributes": { "award_id": "5K24HL163393-02", "title": "Global Health Research and Training in Cardiovascular Disease", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "National Heart Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 25557, "first_name": "Sharon M", "last_name": "Smith", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2022-07-01", "end_date": "2027-06-30", "award_amount": 124224, "principal_investigator": { "id": 25558, "first_name": "Margaret Leighton", "last_name": "McNairy", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 825, "ror": "", "name": "WEILL MEDICAL COLL OF CORNELL UNIV", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "NY", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "ABSTRACT: The goals of this K24 proposal are to train clinical investigators in the conduct of patient-oriented cardiovascular disease (CVD) research primarily in Haiti, with a new project in Tanzania and to conduct a new study on environmental lead exposure and CVD risk factors in Haiti (Aim 1). The training also leverages four currently funded CVD research projects in Haiti (Aims 2-5), and a funded CVD research project in Tanzania (Aim 6). United States trainees will spend ~50-60% of their time at international research sites in Haiti and Tanzania, which have onsite Weill Cornell faculty, long-standing international collaborators, and outstanding environments for research training. The common theme of the projects is patient-oriented CVD research in the areas of clinical epidemiology, clinical trials, CVD-infectious diseases, and implementation science. The projects include: 1. Environmental lead exposure and CVD risk factors in Haiti 2. Clinical epidemiology of CVD risk factors, diseases, and poverty-related social determinants in Haiti 3. Randomized clinical trial of early hypertension treatment among persons living with HIV 4. COVID-19 and cardiac dysfunction 5. Implementation of hypertensive screening and management 6. Heart failure in Tanzania The focus of research training will be on postdoctoral clinical investigators who have completed their advanced degree training. Dr. McNairy has an impeccable history of excellence in research mentorship and serves in leadership roles in the Weill Cornell Global Health Research Fellowship and the Weill Cornell Women in Global Health Research Initiative. Trainees will be mentored by Dr. McNairy and will participate in research projects in Haiti (Aims 1-5) and Tanzania (Aim 6). These six projects have both clinical and laboratory aspects and offer trainees a broad research experience. Trainees learn through the conduct of their mentored research project and the opportunity to interact with colleagues working on studies other than their own. The K24 award will allow Dr. McNairy to decrease her administrative and clinical responsibilities and commit 50% effort to CVD- related research and mentorship of US trainees. Her long-term goal is to build a world-class CVD global health research and training program to improve CVD-related health outcomes among the world's poorest populations.", "keywords": [ "2019-nCoV", "Adult", "Amlodipine", "Antihypertensive Agents", "Area", "Blood", "Blood Pressure", "Blood Screening", "COVID-19", "COVID-19 complications", "Cardiac", "Cardiac Death", "Cardiovascular Diseases", "Caring", "Case/Control Studies", "Cessation of life", "Clinic", "Clinical", "Clinical Investigator", "Clinical Trials", "Cohort Studies", "Communicable Diseases", "Communities", "Consumption", "Data", "Development", "Diabetes Mellitus", "Diastolic blood pressure", "Disease", "Early treatment", "Echocardiography", "Environment", "Event", "Faculty", "Family", "Fellowship", "Foundations", "Functional disorder", "Funding", "Future", "General Population", "Goals", "HIV", "Haiti", "Haitian", "Health", "Heart failure", "Hypertension", "Incidence", "Inflammation", "International", "Intervention", "Kidney Diseases", "Laboratories", "Lead", "Lead levels", "Leadership", "Learning", "Longitudinal cohort", "Mass Spectrum Analysis", "Mentors", "Mentorship", "Mid-Career Clinical Scientist Award (K24)", "Myocardial Infarction", "Myocardial dysfunction", "National Heart Lung and Blood Institute", "National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease", "Natural History", "Obesity", "Outcome", "Participant", "Persons", "Population", "Postdoctoral Fellow", "Poverty", "Prevalence", "Prevention", "Randomized", "Reach Effectiveness Adoption Implementation and Maintenance", "Recommendation", "Recording of previous events", "Research", "Research Project Grants", "Research Training", "Risk Factors", "Role", "Safety", "Serology", "Severities", "Site", "Smoking", "Sodium", "Sodium Chloride", "Source", "Spottings", "Stroke", "Tanzania", "Testing", "Time", "Training", "Training Programs", "Tuberculosis", "Unhealthy Diet", "United States", "Urine", "Woman", "biobank", "blood lead", "cardiovascular disorder epidemiology", "cardiovascular disorder risk", "clinical epidemiology", "clinical implementation", "cohort", "design", "early phase clinical trial", "environmental Pb exposure", "experience", "global health", "hypertension control", "hypertension treatment", "hypertensive", "immune activation", "implementation evaluation", "implementation science", "improved", "kidney dysfunction", "low income country", "medication compliance", "mortality", "occupational lead exposure", "patient oriented", "patient oriented research", "physical inactivity", "prehypertension", "premature", "prima" ], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "12032", "attributes": { "award_id": "5R01TW012397-02", "title": "Sweekar - Multi-level intersectional stigma reduction to increase HIV testing and care engagement among trans women in Nepal", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)", "Fogarty International Center (FIC)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 8125, "first_name": "GEETHA PARTHASARATHY", "last_name": "Bansal", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2022-07-01", "end_date": "2025-06-30", "award_amount": 163100, "principal_investigator": { "id": 25559, "first_name": "Erin", "last_name": "Meek", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 1615, "ror": "https://ror.org/03t7m8092", "name": "Public Health Foundation Enterprises", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "CA", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "Trans women in low- and middle- income countries make up the largest proportion of trans women around the globe but are underserved in the response to HIV. Nepal is a lower income country in South Asia where trans women are a key population highly impacted by HIV. In 2019/20, we conducted an exploratory study with trans women finding that 11.3% were living with HIV, and only 70% were engaged in HIV care and virally suppressed. Discrimination resulting in anticipated HIV stigma and experienced anti-trans stigma was a main driver of low HIV testing and HIV care engagement. HIV risk was further exacerbated by anti-trans stigma resulting in barriers to education, employment, social support and empowerment. For example, because most trans women faced discrimination in job seeking, the majority of participants in our exploratory work did sex work for income and had high rates of condomless sex and many sexual partners. HIV Interventions for trans women are needed that will have sustained impact by addressing stigma at many levels that present barriers to health and wellness. However, few HIV prevention and treatment interventions tackle intersectional stigma, and even fewer are developed for low- and middle-income country settings. Building on evidence from our exploratory study, we propose to test a multi-level, HIV serostatus-neutral stigma reduction intervention called Sweekar, or acceptance in Nepali. The primary intervention outcomes are HIV testing and HIV care engagement. To increase HIV testing by addressing anticipated stigma, the individual level intervention component is a tailored HIV self-testing intervention. To increase ART adherence by addressing anticipated and experiences stigma, the systems level intervention component is HIV treatment home delivery. To address stigma at the community level, we will conduct a contact intervention11 informed by Photovoice12 to reduce experienced and internalized stigma. Photovoice will be used to inform content and delivery of a social media campaign to reduce anti-trans in Nepali society, with benefits for increasing social support and empowerment among trans women in Nepal, which will help mitigate internalized stigma. Our approach is community-driven and non-randomized to maximize benefit for trans women in immediate need of intervention, which is an essential practice to reduce health disparities. Feasibility is high as the US and Nepali researchers have forged a strong collaboration over the course of more than a decade working together to serve trans women in research and services. Furthermore, Covid-19 has created new opportunities for innovations HIV care and prevention that will be leveraged in Sweekar. If Sweekar is successful, we will immediately use the outcome data and lessons learned to develop multi-site R01 proposal to test the intervention at scale throughout Nepal and in partnership with our Nepali research and implementation team.", "keywords": [ "AIDS prevention", "Address", "Adherence", "Alcohol consumption", "Asia", "Attitude", "COVID-19", "Caring", "Categories", "Collaborations", "Communities", "Data", "Diamond", "Discrimination", "Distress", "Economics", "Education", "Employment", "Failure", "Frequencies", "Funding", "Gender", "General Population", "Geography", "HIV", "HIV risk", "HIV-2", "Health", "Home", "Human immunodeficiency virus test", "Income", "Individual", "Interruption", "Intervention", "Knowledge", "Learning", "Media Campaign", "Modeling", "Nepal", "Nongovernmental Organizations", "Occupations", "Outcome", "Participant", "Persons", "Pharmaceutical Preparations", "Policies", "Population", "Population Study", "Positioning Attribute", "Prevalence", "Prevention", "Prevention program", "Psyche structure", "Reduce health disparities", "Research", "Research Personnel", "Services", "Sexual Partners", "Sexual and Gender Minorities", "Site", "Social support", "Societies", "Stigmatization", "System", "Testing", "United States National Institutes of Health", "Unsafe Sex", "Violence", "Viral", "Viral Load result", "Work", "care delivery", "design", "empowerment", "evidence base", "experience", "forging", "improved", "innovation", "internalized stigma", "low and middle-income countries", "low income country", "marginalized population", "physical assault", "prevent", "prevention service", "response", "self testing", "sex", "sexual assault", "sexual minority group", "sexual risk behavior", "social media", "social stigma", "transgender women", "uptake", "verbal" ], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "12033", "attributes": { "award_id": "5U01OH012265-02", "title": "Association of PTSD dose with cardiovascular disease risk in multi-ethnic WTC Heart Cohort: 13 year follow up", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [], "start_date": "2022-07-01", "end_date": "2026-06-30", "award_amount": 599029, "principal_investigator": { "id": 25560, "first_name": "Alfredo", "last_name": "Morabia", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 1444, "ror": "", "name": "QUEENS COLLEGE", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "NY", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "Background: Treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) may help prevent cardiovascular diseases (CVD,) which is a leading cause of death. Randomized controlled trials comparing the effect of PTSD treatment vs. placebo on CVD risk would be unable to assess the relation of duration of PTSD symptoms (“dose”) to CVD risk (e.g., CHD morbidity and mortality) rather than pathophysiological markers, given the duration of study and sample size needed. Here, we propose to collect data to complement the results of the ideal trial – that is, to use observational data appropriately and efficiently – by making use of our longitudinal study tracking the time-varying symptoms of PTSD, time-varying conventional CVD risk factors and, as outcome, incidence and mortality from CVD. The multi- ethnic WTC-Heart cohort study will be accompanied by a sub-study assessing whether, as assumed, individuals with lower PTSD dose have lower exposure to markers of stress, trauma, and CVD risk factors. Preliminary work: 1. A cohort study of initially 6481 first responders with a long term follow up and high retention rate: In 2012-2013 WTC-Heart enrolled 6481 first-responders in the WTC Health Program (WTCHP) to assess the determinants of incident cases of CVD reported by cohort members and validated in medical charts, and incident hospitalizations from the NY State hospitalization registry (SPARCS). Retention was 91% as of 2016. 2. Longitudinal assessment of PSTD symptoms and conventional CVD risk factors: The cohort members have had up to 15 visits at the WTCHP in which mental health and CVD factors were assessed. 3. A diverse gender and race/ethnic composition: the cohort comprises 17% of women and 54% Non-Hispanic Whites. Specific Aims: Aim 1. To perform a second in-person, standardized assessment in 2022-23 of the WTC-Heart cohort with follow-up until 2026, taking advantage of the statistical power resulting from 13-14 years of follow-up, high prevalence of PTSD, linkage with National Death Index. Aim 2. To estimate the causal effect of PTSD dose and its potential changes on total (fatal and non-fatal) and non-fatal CVD, coronary artery disease, and cerebrovascular diseases, overall and among ethnic (non-Hispanic white, non-Hispanic Black, and Hispanic) groups. Analyses will use repeated assessments of PTSD and CVD between 2012 and 2026, and appropriate adjustment for time-updating CVD risk factors, and for COVID-19 exposure, using G- methods. Aim 3. To assess the biological, behavioral and trauma history plausibility of the epidemiological associations between PTSD dose and CVD risk by measuring biological indicators of chronic stress, history of trauma, and CVD risk factor among a subsample of 240 participants randomly recruited within tertiles of PTSD dose. Innovation and Significance: The proposed study has a potentially major clinical and public health significance if it helps to determine whether: 1) risk of CVD morbidity and mortality is inversely related to PTSD dose; 2) first responders in the WTCHP are entitled to be covered for CVD screening and care.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "12034", "attributes": { "award_id": "5R01GM143773-02", "title": "Biophysical studies of viral membrane fusion proteins", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 22244, "first_name": "MICHAEL", "last_name": "SAKALIAN", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2022-07-01", "end_date": "2026-06-30", "award_amount": 502500, "principal_investigator": { "id": 25561, "first_name": "James B", "last_name": "Munro", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [ { "id": 25562, "first_name": "MOHAN", "last_name": "SOMASUNDARAN", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "awardee_organization": { "id": 790, "ror": "", "name": "UNIV OF MASSACHUSETTS MED SCH WORCESTER", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "MA", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "Influenza A virus (IAV) hemagglutinin (HA) is the canonical example of a class-I viral fusion protein, and thus provides an ideal model system for understanding the fusion mechanisms of many different viruses. Numerous other viral envelope glycoproteins, including the SARS-CoV-2 spike, are believed to mediate fusion by a comparable mechanism. Our long-term goal is to establish a complete mechanistic framework of class-I viral fusion. We further aim to identify conserved and divergent features of the fusion mechanisms of distinct viruses, generating specific models that fit within the general framework. HA resides on the surface of the IAV virion and facilitates attachment to the target cell surface through the receptor-binding domain (HA1) engaging SA moieties. Following endocytosis and trafficking to the late endosome, HA promotes fusion of the viral and endosomal membranes. The model of HA-mediated membrane fusion describes a “spring-loaded” metastable prefusion conformation at neutral pH. Dissociation of HA1 from the fusion domain (HA2) allows HA2 to undergo a cascade of conformational changes that drive membrane fusion. While extensive structural data exist for HA pre- and postfusion, and alternative conformations have been visualized and inferred, the conformational trajectory that leads to membrane fusion, including the adoption of anticipated intermediates, has never been explicitly validated. Nor has the order and timing of conformational changes and membrane fusion been determined. Here, we will utilize a multifaceted approach involving single-molecule Förster resonance energy transfer imaging, single-virion fusion, cryoelectron tomography, and molecular dynamic simulation to directly visualize the conformational trajectory undergone by HA during membrane fusion. We will explore the roles of virion morphology, HA density and cooperativity, and target membrane lipid content in mediating HA conformational changes and the mechanism of fusion. We will describe the allosteric connection between distal regions of HA that regulate the timing of fusion, drawing comparison to SARS-CoV-2 S. Finally, we will biophysically characterize the phenotypic differences between human and avian IAV strains to determine what prevents avian IAV strains from entering the human population.", "keywords": [ "2019-nCoV", "Address", "Adopted", "Adoption", "Apical", "Avian Influenza", "Avian Influenza A Virus", "Binding", "Binding Sites", "Biological Assay", "Biological Models", "Biophysics", "Birds", "Cell surface", "Cells", "Cellular Membrane", "Chimeric Proteins", "China", "Cryo-electron tomography", "Data", "Development", "Dissociation", "Distal", "Drug Targeting", "Endocytosis", "Ensure", "Environment", "Equilibrium", "Evolution", "Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer", "Foundations", "Glycoproteins", "Goals", "Hemagglutinin", "Human", "Image", "In Vitro", "Influenza", "Influenza A virus", "Influenza Hemagglutinin", "Kinetics", "Life Cycle Stages", "Link", "Mediating", "Membrane", "Membrane Fusion", "Membrane Lipids", "Modeling", "Molecular", "Molecular Conformation", "Morphology", "Mutation", "Pathway interactions", "Peptides", "Phenotype", "Population", "Public Health", "Publishing", "Research", "Role", "SARS-CoV-2 spike protein", "Sialic Acids", "Specificity", "Structure", "Surface", "Testing", "Therapeutic", "Thermodynamics", "Viral", "Viral Fusion Proteins", "Virion", "Virus", "Visualization", "Zoonoses", "biophysical analysis", "biophysical properties", "cold temperature", "combat", "data exchange", "density", "emerging pathogen", "endosome membrane", "env Gene Products", "experimental study", "influenza infection", "influenza virus strain", "inhibitor", "late endosome", "molecular dynamics", "next generation", "pandemic disease", "pandemic potential", "premature", "prevent", "receptor binding", "sialic acid receptor", "single molecule", "tissue tropism", "trafficking", "transmission process", "viral entry inhibitor" ], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "12035", "attributes": { "award_id": "5T42OH008673-18", "title": "North Carolina Occupational Safety and Health Education and Research Centers", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [], "start_date": "2022-07-01", "end_date": "2027-06-30", "award_amount": 1386730, "principal_investigator": { "id": 26183, "first_name": "LEENA A", "last_name": "NYLANDER-FRENCH", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 817, "ror": "", "name": "UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "NC", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "This is a competing renewal application for the North Carolina Occupational Safety and Health Education and Research Center (NC OSHERC). Our unique Center builds upon the strengths of the occupational health and safety (OHS) education and research programs at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Duke University, and North Carolina State University. Nearly 62% of US adults are employed, and work exerts an independent, powerful influence on their health and safety. As we conducted needs and strengths assessments in preparation for this Center proposal, we saw how the COVID- 19 pandemic created a massive re-shaping of work, work conditions, and worker health, particularly related to safety, mental health, and well-being among essential and underserved workers. This observation has strengthened our joint efforts with both our regional Education and Research Center colleagues and other OHS partners to serve the emerging needs of occupational health professionals and the diverse workforce. The guiding mission of the NC OSHERC is to provide high- quality education and research training in the OHS sciences for the protection and promotion of worker health and well- being and to prevent occupational illness and injury in North Carolina, the southeast region, and the nation. To fulfill this mission, our goals are to (1) train future leaders to meet the nation’s OHS research needs and NIOSH priority goals and (2) bridge the gap between the innovative research being conducted in OHS within the regional universities and the needs of the region’s workforce. We will accomplish these goals through interdisciplinary OHS training, research, and service. The proposed education and research program’s specific aims are to: 1. Train practitioners, educators, and researchers in the academic disciplines of occupational exposure science and industrial hygiene, occupational medicine, safety and ergonomics, occupational epidemiology, and Total Worker Healthâ, with a specific focus given to training diverse, underrepresented, and minority practitioners and researchers. 2. Provide interdisciplinary learning experiences through coursework, practice and field projects, research activities, and seminars. Academic training and targeted research training programs guide trainees to develop skills in scientific inquiry and research to practice (r2p) to mitigate and eliminate hazards and improve working conditions. 3. Provide outreach and continuing education training programs to meet the needs of practitioners and OHS stakeholders. 4. Fund pilot research projects to support the development of young investigators and advance OHS science. The NC OSHERC is uniquely positioned to increase capacity and address the future challenges of OHS training, research, and preparedness in the Southeast and the nation by training diverse OHS practitioners and professionals in the challenging interdisciplinary OHS field and by fostering greater collaboration between academic researchers, local, state, and federal occupational professionals, as well as business and industry sector stakeholders. The NC OSHERC’s overall program responds to mandates in the OSHA Act, section 2(b)(5) and addresses the National Occupational Research Agenda (NORA) 2019 – 2024 priorities and critically important OHS issues in the NORA sector and cross-sector areas.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "12036", "attributes": { "award_id": "5R01MH131542-02", "title": "The tale of two pandemics: Understanding racial and ethnic disparities from the collision of HIV and COVID-19 in the U.S.", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 24064, "first_name": "Lori", "last_name": "Scott-Sheldon", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2022-07-08", "end_date": "2027-05-31", "award_amount": 656972, "principal_investigator": { "id": 25568, "first_name": "Rena Chiman", "last_name": "Patel", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 159, "ror": "https://ror.org/00cvxb145", "name": "University of Washington", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "WA", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "The collision of the COVID-19 pandemic with the existing HIV epidemic in the U.S. has exacerbated the decades old racial/ethnic disparities in HIV. For example, Blacks account for 42-44% of HIV diagnoses and deaths among people living with HIV (PLWH) while accounting for only 12% of the population. These racialized disparities in the U.S. HIV epidemic are further compounded by the same disparities emerging in COVID-19. We have shown that PLWH appear to be at higher risk of poorer COVID-19 outcomes than persons not living with HIV (PNLWH), and that the odds of incident COVID-19 infection among PLWH are 60% and 118% higher among Black and Latinx persons, respectively, than whites. These racialized disparities are likely largely driven by social determinants of health (SDoH) underlying our health systems—an understanding of the SDoH pathways that elucidate these disparities is urgently needed to develop the next generation of HIV interventions operating at the structural and social levels, and ever more now in the context of COVID-19. The National COVID Cohort Collaborative (N3C) leverages real-world, national data and presents an unprecedented opportunity to inform the NIH priority aims to understand the social and biologic factors that may affect both HIV and COVID-19 outcomes. N3C is the largest electronic health record (EHR) repository in U.S. history (>10M patients), contains both unparalleled individual-level granular clinical and historical data, and represents the largest U.S. cohort of PLWH with their HIV and COVID-19 outcomes data (>77K), allowing us to evaluate the bi-directional impact of existing HIV infection and COVID-19 outcomes. Furthermore, individual-level data in the N3C are uniquely positioned to merge publicly available datasets that measure area- level SDoH. Our central hypothesis is that the observed racial/ethnic disparities in HIV and COVID-19 occur in a larger context of individuals embedded in social, political, and economic contexts, i.e., SDoH. Understanding these forces, centered on SDoH, allows us to determine the next generation of HIV interventions. Our three aims respond to the NIH call using data science, rigorous machine and statistical learning, and multi-level mediation and epidemic modeling. The goal of Aim 1 (HIV outcomes) is to identify multilevel, social determinants of racial/ethnic disparities in HIV outcomes (e.g., viral suppression [VS] and hospitalization) during the COVID-19 pandemic. The goal of Aim 2 (COVID outcomes) is to understand the independent and aggregated impact of SDoH and clinical characteristics on HIV immune dysfunction for COVID-19 outcomes and vaccine effectiveness (2a) and quantify the differential impact of HIV on COVID-19 outcomes at the U.S. population level by race/ethnicity (2b). The goal of Aim 3 (HIV epidemic modeling) is to quantify the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on HIV treatment (VS and hospitalization) and prevention (pre-exposure prophylaxis [PrEP] use and HIV/sexually transmitted infections [STI] testing frequency) outcomes by race/ethnicity at the population-level for the national Ending the HIV Epidemic (EHE) initiative’s priority jurisdictions.", "keywords": [ "Address", "Adult", "Affect", "American", "Area", "Biological Factors", "Black Populations", "Black race", "COVID-19", "COVID-19 impact", "COVID-19 pandemic", "COVID-19 pandemic effects", "Caring", "Cessation of life", "Characteristics", "Clinical", "Color", "Communities", "Data", "Data Science", "Data Set", "Disparity", "Economics", "Electronic Health Record", "Epidemic", "Equity", "Ethnic Origin", "Frequencies", "Goals", "HIV", "HIV Infections", "HIV diagnosis", "Health system", "Hospitalization", "Housing", "Immune System Diseases", "Incidence", "Individual", "Interruption", "Intervention", "Laboratory Markers", "Latinx", "Latinx population", "Machine Learning", "Measures", "Mediating", "Mediation", "Methods", "Modeling", "Outcome", "Pathway interactions", "Patients", "Persons", "Politics", "Population", "Population Attributable Risks", "Positioning Attribute", "Prevention", "Prevention approach", "Public Health", "Race", "Racial Equity", "Recording of previous events", "Research", "Risk", "SARS-CoV-2 infection", "Sexually Transmitted Diseases", "Structural Racism", "Testing", "United States National Institutes of Health", "Vaccination", "Viral", "breakthrough infection", "cohort", "comorbidity", "coronavirus disease", "current pandemic", "ethnic disparity", "ethnic minority", "future pandemic", "health disparity", "health equity", "high risk", "implementation strategy", "improved", "insight", "learning strategy", "minority communities", "multilevel analysis", "next generation", "pandemic disease", "post-COVID-19", "pre-exposure prophylaxis", "predictive modeling", "public health intervention", "racial disparity", "racial minority", "repository", "response", "severe COVID-19", "social", "social determinants", "social factors", "social health determinants", "social interventions", "social vulnerability", "statistical learning", "transmission process", "vaccine effectiveness" ], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "12037", "attributes": { "award_id": "5R21TR004057-02", "title": "Clinical Trial Readiness - Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia (CTR-PCD)", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 25573, "first_name": "Alice", "last_name": "Chen", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2022-07-01", "end_date": "2024-06-30", "award_amount": 169427, "principal_investigator": { "id": 25574, "first_name": "Margaret", "last_name": "Rosenfeld", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 732, "ror": "https://ror.org/01njes783", "name": "Seattle Children's Hospital", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "WA", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "In this proposal, we will establish the feasibility, reliability, analytic impact and conditions that optimize the quality of mobile health respiratory endpoint measurements for use in a planned Phase 3 clinical trial in patients with primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD). The results will be applicable to the growing number of clinical trials planned in PCD as well as trials in other chronic lung diseases and to clinical care settings. PCD is a rare genetic disease in which impaired mucociliary clearance leads to chronic bacterial infections of the respiratory tract resulting in progressive airway damage and recurrent respiratory tract exacerbations (RTEs). The COVID pandemic has accelerated a paradigm shift in clinical trial design that “brings the trial to the patient” through remote endpoint ascertainment. As members of a rare disease population, PCD patients often live far from research centers, increasing barriers to clinical trial participation. Remote endpoint monitoring could improve access to clinical trials for rare disease populations. Furthermore, the greater frequency with which endpoints can be measured remotely has the potential to decrease sample size requirements, as has been shown for measurement of lung function in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Parion Sciences recently found promising results of a Phase 1 trial of their novel inhaled epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) inhibitor in PCD patients and is now planning a Phase 3 randomized controlled trial. The proposed primary and secondary endpoints are the forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and rate of RTEs. Parion is interested in incorporating home measurement of these endpoints into the trial. First, however, important knowledge gaps regarding the feasibility and clinical validity of home endpoint measurements must be addressed. We propose an ancillary study to an existing NIH Rare Disease Clinical Research Network longitudinal, observational study of RTEs in a cohort of children and adults with PCD. Forty participants will be enrolled for 6 months. They will perform home spirometry and complete a simple 6-item electronic patient reported outcome weekly. The objective of the study is to evaluate the feasibility and validity of weekly home spirometry and RTE detection to inform incorporation of these endpoints into Parion Sciences’ planned Phase 3 clinical trial. The aims are: 1) To evaluate the feasibility, reliability and analytic impact of home spirometry performed weekly for 6 months; 2) To compare the analytic impact of two different published definitions of an RTE as detected using an ePRO administered weekly for 6 months, 3) To describe the associations between lung function and RTEs ascertained remotely.", "keywords": [ "Acceleration", "Acute", "Address", "Adherence", "Adult", "Age", "Agreement", "American", "Ancillary Study", "Bacterial Infections", "COVID-19 pandemic", "Characteristics", "Chest", "Child", "Chronic", "Chronic lung disease", "Clinical", "Clinical Research", "Clinical Trials", "Clinical Trials Design", "Collaborations", "Conduct Clinical Trials", "Detection", "Diagnosis", "Disease", "Duchenne muscular dystrophy", "Electronics", "Enrollment", "Feasibility Studies", "Forced expiratory volume function", "Frequencies", "Future", "Genetic", "Genetic Diseases", "Home", "Impairment", "Improve Access", "Inhalation", "Knowledge", "Linear Regressions", "Longitudinal Studies", "Longitudinal observational study", "Lower respiratory tract structure", "Measurement", "Measures", "Methods", "Modeling", "Monitor", "Mucociliary Clearance", "Natural History", "Obstructive Lung Diseases", "Otitis Media", "Participant", "Patient Outcomes Assessments", "Patients", "Pharmacologic Substance", "Phase", "Phase III Clinical Trials", "Population", "Primary Ciliary Dyskinesias", "Protocols documentation", "Publishing", "Randomized Controlled Trials", "Rare Diseases", "Recurrence", "Research", "Research Personnel", "Respiratory System", "Respiratory Tract Infections", "Risk Factors", "Sample Size", "Science", "Sinusitis", "Societies", "Spirometry", "Supervision", "Symptoms", "System", "Testing", "Therapeutic", "United States National Institutes of Health", "Upper Respiratory Infections", "Validity and Reliability", "clinical care", "clinical trial readiness", "cohort", "epithelial Na+ channel", "idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis", "inhibitor", "instrument", "interest", "life history", "mHealth", "member", "novel", "patient variability", "phase I trial", "phase III trial", "primary endpoint", "pulmonary function", "rare genetic disorder", "respiratory health", "secondary endpoint", "treatment response" ], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "12038", "attributes": { "award_id": "5R01AG074307-02", "title": "Viral IncRNAs Regulate Host Genomic Transcriptional Programs Associated with Sporadic Alzheimer's Disease", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "National Institute on Aging (NIA)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 26177, "first_name": "Maja", "last_name": "Maric", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2022-07-01", "end_date": "2027-06-30", "award_amount": 400697, "principal_investigator": { "id": 25575, "first_name": "MICHAEL G", "last_name": "ROSENFELD", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 760, "ror": "https://ror.org/0168r3w48", "name": "University of California, San Diego", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "CA", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "Alzheimer’s disease (AD) presents a formidable therapeutic challenge, as current interventions have failed to slow disease progression. The majority of AD genetic risk variants identified by GWAS reside in non- coding regions of the genome, suggesting that alterations in gene expression contribute to susceptibility for sporadic AD. Multiple reports now suggest that Herpes Simplex Virus 1 (HSV1) and other microbes can accumulate in the brain to increase the incidence of AD/dementia. While there is evidence linking reactivation of latent HSV1 infection to AD, the pathological potential of the latent state per se has not been addressed. Furthermore, there is now concern that COVID-19, which is caused by the pandemic SARS-CoV-2 and can include neurological and neurocognitive sequelae, might impact the onset or course of AD. Here we propose to advance recent findings by employing powerful new genomic technologies to characterize the cell type-specific transcriptional impact and cell autonomous vs non-cell autonomous effects of specific viral gene products, including HSV1 latency lncRNA transcripts and the SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein, that contribute to neurotoxic programs characteristic of sporadic AD. Using a modified single-nucleus sequencing approach, which allows for DNA accessibility and global transcription to be assessed simultaneously in the same nucleus, we will continue our interrogation of human control and AD brain samples to reveal cell type-specific aging vs pathological trajectory trees for each CNS cell type in sporadic AD, ultimately allowing for the identification of the key transcription factors acting at implicated regulatory enhancers. This will enable us to elucidate how viral gene products alter enhancer landscapes and transcriptional networks related to sporadic AD in various neuronal and non-neuronal cell types and subtypes. In addition, we will investigate the hypothesis that the sense (S) and antisense (AS) LATs impact transcription by associating with specific regulatory elements in the host genome in collaboration with the co-regulator KAP1 to impact expression of multiple AD susceptibility loci. We further hypothesize that the S-LAT influences the AD process by causing neuronal dysfunction and inflammatory glial activation, at least in part, through down-regulation of gene clusters encoding KRAB zinc-finger proteins (KZFPs) that normally repress human endogenous retrovirus (HERV) repeats, whereas the AS-LAT tempers these deleterious effects by promoting an anti-inflammatory gene expression profile and can further mitigate the innate immune response as well as cell death programs through direct inhibition of the AD-associated, sentinel kinase PKR in a non-genomic fashion. Collectively, the proposed studies will yield crucial cell type-specific insights into pathological trajectories in sporadic AD that may be subject to modulation by diverse infectious as well as non- microbial insults to the brain.", "keywords": [ "2019-nCoV", "Address", "Affect", "Aging", "Alzheimer&apos", "s Disease", "Alzheimer&apos", "s disease brain", "Alzheimer&apos", "s disease model", "Alzheimer&apos", "s disease pathology", "Alzheimer&apos", "s disease patient", "Alzheimer&apos", "s disease risk", "Amyloid", "Anti-Inflammatory Agents", "Appearance", "Astrocytes", "Attention", "Binding", "Biological Models", "Brain", "COVID-19", "COVID-19 pandemic", "Cell Death", "Cell Nucleus", "Cells", "Characteristics", "Collaborations", "DNA", "Data", "Dementia", "Deposition", "Disease Progression", "Disease susceptibility", "Double-Stranded RNA", "Down-Regulation", "Ectopic Expression", "Endogenous Retroviruses", "Enhancers", "Etiology", "Event", "Female", "Future", "Gene Cluster", "Gene Expression", "Gene Expression Profile", "Gene Proteins", "Genes", "Genetic", "Genetic Risk", "Genetic Transcription", "Genetic Variation", "Genome", "Genomics", "Glean", "Herpesvirus 1", "Human", "Immune", "Impaired cognition", "Incidence", "Individual", "Infection", "Inflammatory", "Innate Immune Response", "Intervention", "Investigation", "Link", "Microbe", "Microglia", "Molecular", "Mus", "Neurocognitive", "Neurofibrillary Tangles", "Neuroglia", "Neurologic", "Neuronal Dysfunction", "Neurons", "Nucleic Acid Regulatory Sequences", "Pathologic", "Pathway interactions", "Phosphotransferases", "Predisposition", "Process", "Proteins", "Public Health", "Regulation", "Regulatory Element", "Reporting", "Repression", "Research", "Retrotransposon", "Role", "SARS-CoV-2 spike protein", "Sampling", "Sentinel", "Susceptibility Gene", "Technology", "Testing", "Therapeutic", "Therapeutic Intervention", "Transcript", "Transcription Alteration", "Trees", "United States", "Untranslated RNA", "Up-Regulation", "Viral", "Viral Genome", "Viral Proteins", "Virus", "Virus Diseases", "Zinc Fingers", "aged", "biological specimen archives", "cell type", "extracellular", "gene repression", "genome wide association study", "genome-wide analysis", "glial activation", "insight", "latency associated transcript", "latent infection", "male", "neuroinflammation", "neuron loss", "neuropathology", "neurotoxic", "non-genomic", "novel", "novel strategies", "outcome prediction", "programs", "promoter", "reactivation from latency", "recruit", "risk variant", "single nucleus RNA-sequencing", "transcription factor" ], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "12039", "attributes": { "award_id": "5R01AI170187-02", "title": "A Phylodynamic Artificial Intelligence framework to predict evolution of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern in Immunocompromised persons with HIV (PhAI-CoV)", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 6828, "first_name": "Rosemary G", "last_name": "McKaig", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2022-07-12", "end_date": "2027-06-30", "award_amount": 744241, "principal_investigator": { "id": 9864, "first_name": "MARIA LUISA", "last_name": "ALCAIDE", "orcid": null, "emails": "[email protected]", "private_emails": null, "keywords": "[]", "approved": true, "websites": "[]", "desired_collaboration": "", "comments": "", "affiliations": [ { "id": 872, "ror": "", "name": "UNIVERSITY OF MIAMI SCHOOL OF MEDICINE", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "FL", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true } ] }, "other_investigators": [ { "id": 1412, "first_name": "Mattia", "last_name": "Prosperi", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [ { "id": 158, "ror": "https://ror.org/02y3ad647", "name": "University of Florida", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "FL", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true } ] }, { "id": 9866, "first_name": "Deborah Lynne", "last_name": "Jones", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, { "id": 25576, "first_name": "MARCO", "last_name": "SALEMI", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "awardee_organization": { "id": 158, "ror": "https://ror.org/02y3ad647", "name": "University of Florida", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "FL", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "The United States (US) is the most affected country worldwide by the ongoing Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic. The availability of effective vaccines had initially slowed down new infections, reducing incidence of severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases, hospitalization burden, and deaths. Unfortunately, vaccine hesitancy, and the emergence of new, highly transmissible variants of concern (VOCs), such as the Delta variant that has rapidly become the dominant one in the US among both non-vaccinated and vaccine breakthrough cases, have caused a new dramatic epidemic surge in July-August 2021, and are likely to be an ongoing problem hindering epidemic eradication efforts. Although data on increased mortality and worse clinical outcome in people with HIV (PWH) with COVID-19 is somewhat equivocal, recent surveys indicate that PWH has a higher likelihood of severe disease or death than patients without immune dysfunction. Moreover, while most people effectively clear SARS-CoV-2 in 2-4 weeks, several reports of infection in immunosuppressed individuals have shown intra-host emergence of multi-mutational variants, some at sites linked to immune evasion, especially in case of persistent infection. The overarching goal of the proposed project is to investigate SARS-CoV-2 genomes intra-host evolution in the context of HIV infection by developing a phylodynamic and artificial Intelligence framework to assess the emergence and likelihood of SARS-CoV-2 VOC (PhAI-CoV) in immunocompromised PWH. The hypothesis is that SARS-CoV-2 infection in PWH can result in enhanced evolution of viral variants that can efficiently be tracked by phylodynamic analysis and predicted to be VOCs by artificial intelligence algorithms. To test such a hypothesis, we developed three specific aims that will investigate three complementary, albeit independent, issues. We will use a well-characterized cohort of PWH and rigorously collected longitudinal data and samples from patients with SARS-CoV-2 co-infection in Miami, Florida, one of the cities with the highest HIV and SARS-CoV-2 infection burden in the US. In Specific Aim 1 we will recruit and retain n=120 PWH with acute SARS-CoV-2 infection, as well as n=120 matching controls with acute SARS-CoV2 infection but without HIV, and study how COVID-19 disease severity differs by HIV status, depending on SARS-CoV-2 vaccination history and infecting variant. In Specific Aim 2, we will Investigate intra- host SARS-CoV-2 evolution throughout the duration of infection to assess the likelihood of SARS-CoV-2 infection in PWH to result in sustained intra-host evolution leading to the emergence of novel viral variants. In specific Aim 3, we will develop an artificial intelligence algorithm that can predict the likelihood of new variants to be VOCs. Understanding the evolutionary scenarios of SARS-CoV-2 variants emergence within HIV infection and evaluating the probability for increased strain infectivity and/or pathogenicity will provide a crucial tool for planning and implementing public health measures before transmission occurs in the general population.", "keywords": [ "2019-nCoV", "Acute", "Affect", "Amino Acids", "Artificial Intelligence", "Automobile Driving", "Biological", "COVID-19", "COVID-19 pandemic", "COVID-19 patient", "COVID-19 severity", "COVID-19 vaccination", "Cessation of life", "Cities", "Classification", "Clinical", "Clinical Data", "Clinical Management", "Coronavirus", "Country", "Data", "Databases", "Disease", "Eligibility Determination", "Epidemic", "Epidemiologic Monitoring", "Event", "Evolution", "Florida", "General Population", "Glycoproteins", "Goals", "HIV", "HIV Infections", "HIV Seronegativity", "Herd Immunity", "Hospitalization", "Immune Evasion", "Immune System Diseases", "Immunocompromised Host", "Incidence", "Individual", "Infection", "Investigation", "Language Development", "Learning", "Link", "Longitudinal cohort", "Measures", "Methods", "Modeling", "Molecular Epidemiology", "Mutation", "Outcome", "Participant", "Pathogenesis", "Pathogenicity", "Patients", "Pattern", "Persons", "Population", "Population Dynamics", "Probability", "Public Health", "Receptor Cell", "Recording of previous events", "Reporting", "Research Personnel", "SARS-CoV-2 B.1.617.2", "SARS-CoV-2 genome", "SARS-CoV-2 infection", "SARS-CoV-2 variant", "Sampling", "Site", "Surveys", "Testing", "Training", "United States", "Vaccinated", "Vaccination", "Vaccines", "Variant", "Viral", "artificial intelligence algorithm", "chronic infection", "co-infection", "cohort", "comparison control", "deep learning", "deep learning model", "experience", "genomic epidemiology", "immunosuppressed", "infection burden", "infection rate", "mortality", "multidisciplinary", "novel", "public health relevance", "receptor binding", "recruit", "saliva sample", "severe COVID-19", "tool", "transmission process", "unvaccinated", "vaccine effectiveness", "vaccine hesitancy", "variants of concern" ], "approved": true } } ], "meta": { "pagination": { "page": 1385, "pages": 1405, "count": 14046 } } }