Grant List
Represents Grant table in the DB
GET /v1/grants?page%5Bnumber%5D=1385&sort=abstract
{ "links": { "first": "https://cic-apps.datascience.columbia.edu/v1/grants?page%5Bnumber%5D=1&sort=abstract", "last": "https://cic-apps.datascience.columbia.edu/v1/grants?page%5Bnumber%5D=1419&sort=abstract", "next": "https://cic-apps.datascience.columbia.edu/v1/grants?page%5Bnumber%5D=1386&sort=abstract", "prev": "https://cic-apps.datascience.columbia.edu/v1/grants?page%5Bnumber%5D=1384&sort=abstract" }, "data": [ { "type": "Grant", "id": "15128", "attributes": { "award_id": "2412115", "title": "PIPP Phase II: Analysis and Prediction of Pandemic Expansion (APPEX)", "funder": { "id": 3, "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62", "name": "National Science Foundation", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "Biological Sciences (BIO)", "PIPP-Pandemic Prevention" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 2558, "first_name": "Joanna", "last_name": "Shisler", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2024-09-01", "end_date": null, "award_amount": 18000000, "principal_investigator": { "id": 31667, "first_name": "Nina", "last_name": "Fefferman", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [ { "id": 5378, "first_name": "Lydia", "last_name": "Bourouiba", "orcid": null, "emails": "[email protected]", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [ { "id": 210, "ror": "https://ror.org/042nb2s44", "name": "Massachusetts Institute of Technology", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "MA", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true } ] }, { "id": 25385, "first_name": "Sadie J", "last_name": "Ryan", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, { "id": 31686, "first_name": "Kasim S", "last_name": "Candan", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, { "id": 31687, "first_name": "Shelby N", "last_name": "Wilson", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "awardee_organization": { "id": 190, "ror": "", "name": "University of Tennessee Knoxville", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "TN", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "What can allow a few isolated cases of an infectious disease to blossom into an outbreak and further expand into a true pandemic? This is the driving question for the Center for Analysis and Prediction of Pandemic Expansion (APPEX). Biomedical and physical, ecological, socio-behavioral, economic, built and natural environmental, and information access factors are all likely to contribute to these perfect storm scenarios. In isolation, the contribution of each aspect may seem minor, or even overlooked, only leading to serious impacts when acting in synergy. This vastly complicates how to study, understand, and prepare to address pandemic risks. The APPEX Center is predicated on the idea that the greatest barriers to multidisciplinary insights in pandemic science exist when disciplinary researchers fail to appreciate, or even be aware of, the value of other fields in addressing complex research questions. The APPEX Center focuses on enabling multidisciplinary collaborations specifically focused on combinatorial risk scenarios that need simultaneous consideration by multiple domains and disciplines. In this way, APPEX provides for the development of a rigorous hierarchy of evidence for pandemic risk, leading to improved methodologies for scenario-to-scenario comparison, and creates and meets audacious challenges in multidisciplinary hypothesis generation, model/tool building, and information infrastructure. <br/><br/>The APPEX Center assembles a core team of researchers and practitioners spanning many areas of expertise to foster participation from the entire science community. Bringing together and materially supporting diverse teams of experts and decision makers in pandemic science, APPEX seeks to tackle questions about pandemic expansion that can only be answered at the interface among disciplines and domains. Operationally, APPEX research groups employ a previously piloted Guided Self-Organizing Teaming Process (GSOTP) in which targeted research questions are inspired by proposals from individuals, but tackled by a multidisciplinary team that coalesces around the idea and collaboratively refines it into a clear, compelling challenge, motivating the engagement of all team members and their domains. APPEX goes beyond existing research on disciplinarily targeted factors affecting pandemic risks and instead provides an enabling framework for synergy, complementing domain-driven research efforts. As such, APPEX ensures that the vision of pandemic science is proactive, focusing on framing how to meet complex challenges, improving both our ability to respond to existing disease threats and to be flexible, nimble, and adaptable to the next emerging pathogen we cannot yet anticipate to increase health security regionally, nationally, and globally.<br/><br/>This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "1875", "attributes": { "award_id": "2030509", "title": "RAPID: The effect of contact network structure on the spread of COVID-19: balancing disease mitigation and socioeconomic well-being", "funder": { "id": 3, "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62", "name": "National Science Foundation", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "Biological Sciences (BIO)" ], "program_reference_codes": [ "096Z", "7914" ], "program_officials": [ { "id": 4959, "first_name": "Katharina", "last_name": "Dittmar", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2020-05-15", "end_date": "2022-11-30", "award_amount": 199136, "principal_investigator": { "id": 4962, "first_name": "Meggan E", "last_name": "Craft", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5333-8513", "emails": "[email protected]", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": "['https://github.com/', 'https://arxiv.org/']", "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [ { "id": 227, "ror": "", "name": "University of Minnesota-Twin Cities", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "MN", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true } ] }, "other_investigators": [ { "id": 4960, "first_name": "Eva", "last_name": "Enns", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, { "id": 4961, "first_name": "Matthew J", "last_name": "Michalska-Smith", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "awardee_organization": { "id": 227, "ror": "", "name": "University of Minnesota-Twin Cities", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "MN", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "What makes COVID-19 spread rapidly in some places, yet slowly in others? How should society lessen social distancing while limiting an increase in infections? To answer these questions, this Rapid Response Research (RAPID) project seeks to understand how patterns of interpersonal interaction (“structure”) in social contact networks affect disease spread in a population. The researchers will simulate a disease spreading through a variety of social contact networks, and use machine learning to relate each network’s structure to the number and timing of new infections. By limiting structures related to increased disease, societies may be able to reopen other parts of their economies while still curbing overall disease spread. The researchers will produce an interactive web application for the public and decision-makers to visualize trade-offs between reducing disease and maintaining social cohesion. This research will support the professional development of an early career scientist.This research aims to determine the inherent risk of SARS-CoV-2 spread based on contact network structure. The researchers will use machine learning to 1) identify network structures that influence disease spread and 2) predict disease spread on empirical contact networks. Important network structures will serve as targets for simulated disease mitigation interventions (e.g. reducing structures that increase levels of disease or increasing structures that reduce disease levels). Finally, the researchers will investigate whether future outbreaks of COVID-19 or other diseases could be alleviated through optimizing social contact networks ahead of time. The outcomes of this research will inform and facilitate quick, efficient interventions to reduce the social and economic costs of COVID-19. This research will develop a general framework for relating disease to network structure. Thus, results can be generalized beyond the current pandemic, serving to further our understanding of potential future waves of COVID-19, as well as other directly-transmitted diseases in humans, livestock, and wildlife.This RAPID award is made by the Ecology and Evolution of Infectious Diseases Program in the Division of Environmental Biology, using funds from the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security (CARES) ActThis award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "13150", "attributes": { "award_id": "1R21AI175883-01A1", "title": "What Precursors Become Lung-Resident CD4 Memory that Protect Against Respiratory Infections or Cause Lung Pathology?", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 7248, "first_name": "Wendy F.", "last_name": "Davidson", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2023-11-22", "end_date": "2025-10-31", "award_amount": 226125, "principal_investigator": { "id": 29185, "first_name": "Priyadharshini", "last_name": "Devarajan", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 790, "ror": "", "name": "UNIV OF MASSACHUSETTS MED SCH WORCESTER", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "MA", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "What Precursors Become Lung-Resident CD4 Memory that Protect Against Respiratory Infections or Cause Lung Pathology? Respiratory viruses such as SARS-CoV1, Influenza and recently SARS-CoV2 (COVID-19) have caused the major pandemics in the 21st century and influenza causes high levels of death from yearly circulating outbreaks. T cells can target internal viral proteins, that mutate less frequently. Thus, T cell memory induced by previous vaccination or infection can still be effective against emerging mutant viral strains. Tissue resident memory (TRM) cells, that develop in the lung are at the first line of defense of our adaptive immune response against respiratory infections because of their location. However, lung CD8 TRM, which are most- studied, are short- lived. The few studies that have examined lung CD4 TRM suggest that they may decay less rapidly. We know relatively little about lung CD4 TRM longevity and mechanisms of function, though they are known to protect against many respiratory infections such Influenza, Sendai, B.pertussis, pneumococcal pneumonia and tuberculosis infections. Moreover, we know little about the CD4 effectors that are precursors to the lung CD4 TRM. If CD4 lung TRM are longer-lived, they might compensate over the long-term for the rapid decline in CD8 lung TRM, thus making them good vaccine targets to provide strong more durable immunity. A majority of the CD4 and CD8 T cells in human lung express TRM features, so it is vital to understand their impact when they are reactivated during an immune response, both their positive effect on protection against pathogens and negative effects on lung function and tissue damage. In many respiratory infections such as influenza and COVID-19 there is also potential for severe lung damage leading to poor prognosis. We show that cytotoxic CD4 T cells, that are resident effectors in the lung and that contribute to damage, can be precursors oflung CD4 TRM. Thus, it is vital that we learn how CD4 TRM can both protect and cause lung pathology on reactivation, especially if they are maintained long-term. Here, we propose to identify the precursors of CD4 lung TRM from CD4 lung effectors, and better define their protective and pathogenic potentials. We will phenotypically and molecularly characterize the CD4 TRM formed from subsets of lung CD4 effectors. We will study their longevity and their maintenance via mechanisms such as homeostatic proliferation and recruitment from circulation. Finally, we will study in detail their functional mechanisms of eliciting protection vs those causing lung immunopathology by direct cytolysis, inflammation and helper function. Understanding mechanisms/conditions driving protection and pathology by CD4 TRM will enable design of interventions like vaccines and immunotherapies, that favor the development of protection while minimizing pathology. Identifying precursor CD4 effectors that give rise to protective CD4 TRM will also allow us to finetune vaccine approaches that drive generation of those CD4 effector subsets. In future studies, we will use the knowledge gained here, to identify transcriptional networks that regulate the development of CD4 TRM from CD4 effectors and naïve CD4.", "keywords": [ "2019-nCoV", "Acute respiratory infection", "Automobile Driving", "B-Lymphocytes", "Bacterial Infections", "Bordetella pertussis", "CD4 Positive T Lymphocytes", "CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes", "CD8B1 gene", "COVID-19", "COVID-19 patient", "Cell physiology", "Cells", "Cessation of life", "Circulation", "Compensation", "Cytolysis", "Data", "Deterioration", "Development", "Disease Outbreaks", "Down-Regulation", "Epithelial Cells", "Future", "Gene Expression Profile", "Generations", "Genetic Transcription", "Grant", "Human", "Immune", "Immune response", "Immunity", "Immunotherapeutic agent", "Immunotherapy", "Infection", "Inflammation", "Influenza", "Interleukin-15", "Interleukin-2", "Knowledge", "Learning", "Location", "Longevity", "Lung", "Lung immune response", "MHC Class I Genes", "Maintenance", "Mediating", "Memory", "Memory Loss", "Modeling", "Molecular", "Morbidity - disease rate", "Mus", "Mutate", "Pathogenicity", "Pathologic", "Pathology", "Pathway interactions", "Pattern", "Phenotype", "Play", "Pneumococcal Pneumonia", "Population", "Prognosis", "Proliferating", "Pulmonary Pathology", "Respiratory Tract Infections", "Respiratory distress", "Respiratory physiology", "Risk", "Role", "SARS coronavirus", "Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome", "Signal Transduction", "Site", "Structure of parenchyma of lung", "T memory cell", "T-Lymphocyte", "Tissues", "Tuberculosis", "Vaccination", "Vaccines", "Viral", "Viral Proteins", "Virus Diseases", "adaptive immune response", "cell type", "cytotoxic", "cytotoxicity", "design", "experimental study", "fighting", "helminth infection", "immunopathology", "influenza infection", "influenza outbreak", "insight", "lung injury", "mortality", "mutant", "pandemic disease", "pandemic influenza", "pathogen", "preservation", "pressure", "pulmonary function", "recruit", "respiratory virus", "response", "therapy design", "tissue resident memory T cell", "vaccine development" ], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "15429", "attributes": { "award_id": "7R21AI175883-02", "title": "What Precursors Become Lung-Resident CD4 Memory that Protect Against Respiratory Infections or Cause Lung Pathology?", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 31609, "first_name": "Hariharan", "last_name": "Subramanian", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2023-11-22", "end_date": "2025-10-31", "award_amount": 123405, "principal_investigator": { "id": 29185, "first_name": "Priyadharshini", "last_name": "Devarajan", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 1415, "ror": "", "name": "STATE UNIVERSITY NEW YORK STONY BROOK", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "NY", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "What Precursors Become Lung-Resident CD4 Memory that Protect Against Respiratory Infections or Cause Lung Pathology? Respiratory viruses such as SARS-CoV1, Influenza and recently SARS-CoV2 (COVID-19) have caused the major pandemics in the 21st century and influenza causes high levels of death from yearly circulating outbreaks. T cells can target internal viral proteins, that mutate less frequently. Thus, T cell memory induced by previous vaccination or infection can still be effective against emerging mutant viral strains. Tissue resident memory (TRM) cells, that develop in the lung are at the first line of defense of our adaptive immune response against respiratory infections because of their location. However, lung CD8 TRM, which are most- studied, are short- lived. The few studies that have examined lung CD4 TRM suggest that they may decay less rapidly. We know relatively little about lung CD4 TRM longevity and mechanisms of function, though they are known to protect against many respiratory infections such Influenza, Sendai, B.pertussis, pneumococcal pneumonia and tuberculosis infections. Moreover, we know little about the CD4 effectors that are precursors to the lung CD4 TRM. If CD4 lung TRM are longer-lived, they might compensate over the long-term for the rapid decline in CD8 lung TRM, thus making them good vaccine targets to provide strong more durable immunity. A majority of the CD4 and CD8 T cells in human lung express TRM features, so it is vital to understand their impact when they are reactivated during an immune response, both their positive effect on protection against pathogens and negative effects on lung function and tissue damage. In many respiratory infections such as influenza and COVID-19 there is also potential for severe lung damage leading to poor prognosis. We show that cytotoxic CD4 T cells, that are resident effectors in the lung and that contribute to damage, can be precursors oflung CD4 TRM. Thus, it is vital that we learn how CD4 TRM can both protect and cause lung pathology on reactivation, especially if they are maintained long-term. Here, we propose to identify the precursors of CD4 lung TRM from CD4 lung effectors, and better define their protective and pathogenic potentials. We will phenotypically and molecularly characterize the CD4 TRM formed from subsets of lung CD4 effectors. We will study their longevity and their maintenance via mechanisms such as homeostatic proliferation and recruitment from circulation. Finally, we will study in detail their functional mechanisms of eliciting protection vs those causing lung immunopathology by direct cytolysis, inflammation and helper function. Understanding mechanisms/conditions driving protection and pathology by CD4 TRM will enable design of interventions like vaccines and immunotherapies, that favor the development of protection while minimizing pathology. Identifying precursor CD4 effectors that give rise to protective CD4 TRM will also allow us to finetune vaccine approaches that drive generation of those CD4 effector subsets. In future studies, we will use the knowledge gained here, to identify transcriptional networks that regulate the development of CD4 TRM from CD4 effectors and naïve CD4.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "15581", "attributes": { "award_id": "5R21AI175883-03", "title": "What Precursors Become Lung-Resident CD4 Memory that Protect Against Respiratory Infections or Cause Lung Pathology?", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 31609, "first_name": "Hariharan", "last_name": "Subramanian", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2023-11-22", "end_date": "2025-10-31", "award_amount": 190131, "principal_investigator": { "id": 29185, "first_name": "Priyadharshini", "last_name": "Devarajan", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 1415, "ror": "", "name": "STATE UNIVERSITY NEW YORK STONY BROOK", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "NY", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "What Precursors Become Lung-Resident CD4 Memory that Protect Against Respiratory Infections or Cause Lung Pathology? Respiratory viruses such as SARS-CoV1, Influenza and recently SARS-CoV2 (COVID-19) have caused the major pandemics in the 21st century and influenza causes high levels of death from yearly circulating outbreaks. T cells can target internal viral proteins, that mutate less frequently. Thus, T cell memory induced by previous vaccination or infection can still be effective against emerging mutant viral strains. Tissue resident memory (TRM) cells, that develop in the lung are at the first line of defense of our adaptive immune response against respiratory infections because of their location. However, lung CD8 TRM, which are most- studied, are short- lived. The few studies that have examined lung CD4 TRM suggest that they may decay less rapidly. We know relatively little about lung CD4 TRM longevity and mechanisms of function, though they are known to protect against many respiratory infections such Influenza, Sendai, B.pertussis, pneumococcal pneumonia and tuberculosis infections. Moreover, we know little about the CD4 effectors that are precursors to the lung CD4 TRM. If CD4 lung TRM are longer-lived, they might compensate over the long-term for the rapid decline in CD8 lung TRM, thus making them good vaccine targets to provide strong more durable immunity. A majority of the CD4 and CD8 T cells in human lung express TRM features, so it is vital to understand their impact when they are reactivated during an immune response, both their positive effect on protection against pathogens and negative effects on lung function and tissue damage. In many respiratory infections such as influenza and COVID-19 there is also potential for severe lung damage leading to poor prognosis. We show that cytotoxic CD4 T cells, that are resident effectors in the lung and that contribute to damage, can be precursors oflung CD4 TRM. Thus, it is vital that we learn how CD4 TRM can both protect and cause lung pathology on reactivation, especially if they are maintained long-term. Here, we propose to identify the precursors of CD4 lung TRM from CD4 lung effectors, and better define their protective and pathogenic potentials. We will phenotypically and molecularly characterize the CD4 TRM formed from subsets of lung CD4 effectors. We will study their longevity and their maintenance via mechanisms such as homeostatic proliferation and recruitment from circulation. Finally, we will study in detail their functional mechanisms of eliciting protection vs those causing lung immunopathology by direct cytolysis, inflammation and helper function. Understanding mechanisms/conditions driving protection and pathology by CD4 TRM will enable design of interventions like vaccines and immunotherapies, that favor the development of protection while minimizing pathology. Identifying precursor CD4 effectors that give rise to protective CD4 TRM will also allow us to finetune vaccine approaches that drive generation of those CD4 effector subsets. In future studies, we will use the knowledge gained here, to identify transcriptional networks that regulate the development of CD4 TRM from CD4 effectors and naïve CD4.", "keywords": [ "2019-nCoV", "Acute respiratory infection", "Automobile Driving", "B-Lymphocytes", "Bacterial Infections", "Bordetella pertussis", "CD4 Positive T Lymphocytes", "CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes", "CD8B1 gene", "COVID-19", "COVID-19 patient", "Cell Physiology", "Cells", "Cessation of life", "Circulation", "Compensation", "Cytolysis", "Data", "Deterioration", "Development", "Disease Outbreaks", "Down-Regulation", "Epithelial Cells", "Future", "Gene Expression Profile", "Generations", "Genetic Transcription", "Grant", "Human", "Immune", "Immune response", "Immunity", "Immunotherapeutic agent", "Immunotherapy", "Infection", "Inflammation", "Influenza", "Interleukin-15", "Interleukin-2", "Knowledge", "Learning", "Location", "Longevity", "Lung", "Lung immune response", "MHC Class I Genes", "Maintenance", "Mediating", "Memory", "Memory Loss", "Modeling", "Molecular", "Morbidity - disease rate", "Mus", "Mutate", "Pathogenicity", "Pathologic", "Pathology", "Pathway interactions", "Pattern", "Phenotype", "Play", "Pneumococcal Pneumonia", "Population", "Prognosis", "Proliferating", "Pulmonary Pathology", "Respiratory Tract Infections", "Respiratory distress", "Respiratory physiology", "Risk", "Role", "SARS coronavirus", "Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome", "Signal Transduction", "Site", "Structure of parenchyma of lung", "T memory cell", "T-Lymphocyte", "Tissues", "Tuberculosis", "Vaccination", "Vaccines", "Viral", "Viral Proteins", "Virus Diseases", "adaptive immune response", "cell type", "cytotoxic", "cytotoxicity", "design", "experimental study", "fighting", "helminth infection", "immunopathology", "influenza infection", "influenza outbreak", "insight", "lung injury", "mortality", "mutant", "pandemic disease", "pandemic influenza", "pathogen", "preservation", "pressure", "pulmonary function", "recruit", "respiratory virus", "response", "therapy design", "tissue resident memory T cell", "vaccine development" ], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "15582", "attributes": { "award_id": "3R21AI175883-03S1", "title": "What Precursors Become Lung-Resident CD4 Memory that Protect Against Respiratory Infections or Cause Lung Pathology?", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 31609, "first_name": "Hariharan", "last_name": "Subramanian", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2023-11-22", "end_date": "2025-10-31", "award_amount": 92708, "principal_investigator": { "id": 29185, "first_name": "Priyadharshini", "last_name": "Devarajan", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 1415, "ror": "", "name": "STATE UNIVERSITY NEW YORK STONY BROOK", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "NY", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "What Precursors Become Lung-Resident CD4 Memory that Protect Against Respiratory Infections or Cause Lung Pathology? Respiratory viruses such as SARS-CoV1, Influenza and recently SARS-CoV2 (COVID-19) have caused the major pandemics in the 21st century and influenza causes high levels of death from yearly circulating outbreaks. T cells can target internal viral proteins, that mutate less frequently. Thus, T cell memory induced by previous vaccination or infection can still be effective against emerging mutant viral strains. Tissue resident memory (TRM) cells, that develop in the lung are at the first line of defense of our adaptive immune response against respiratory infections because of their location. However, lung CD8 TRM, which are most- studied, are short- lived. The few studies that have examined lung CD4 TRM suggest that they may decay less rapidly. Relatively little is known about lung CD4 TRM longevity and mechanisms of function, though they are known to protect against many respiratory infections such Influenza, Sendai, B.pertussis, pneumococcal pneumonia and tuberculosis infections. Moreover, it is unclear which CD4 effectors precursors become lung CD4 TRM. If CD4 lung TRM are longer-lived, they might compensate over the long-term for the rapid decline in CD8 lung TRM, thus making them good vaccine targets to provide strong more durable immunity. A majority of the CD4 and CD8 T cells in human lung express TRM features, so it is vital to understand their impact when they are reactivated during an immune response, both their positive effect on protection against pathogens and negative effects on lung function and tissue damage. In many respiratory infections such as influenza and COVID-19 there is also potential for severe lung damage leading to poor prognosis. We show that cytotoxic CD4 T cells, that are resident effectors in the lung and that contribute to damage, can be precursors of lung CD4 TRM. Thus, an understanding of how CD4 TRM can both protect and cause lung pathology on reactivation, especially if they are maintained long-term, is vital. Here, the research proposed will identify the precursors of CD4 lung TRM from CD4 lung effectors, and better define their protective and pathogenic potentials. It will phenotypically and molecularly characterize the CD4 TRM formed from subsets of lung CD4 effectors. It will study their longevity and their maintenance via mechanisms such as homeostatic proliferation and recruitment from circulation. Finally, it will study in detail their functional mechanisms of eliciting protection vs those causing lung immunopathology by direct cytolysis, inflammation andhelper function. Understanding mechanisms/conditions driving protection and pathology by CD4 TRM will enable design of interventions like vaccines and immunotherapies, that favor the development of protection while minimizing pathology. Identifying precursor CD4 effectors that give rise to protective CD4 TRM will also allow to finetune vaccine approaches that drive generation of those CD4 effector subsets. In future studies, the knowledge gained here, will allow identification of transcriptional networks that regulate the development of CD4 TRM from CD4 effectors and naïve CD4.", "keywords": [ "2019-nCoV", "Automobile Driving", "Bordetella pertussis", "CD4 Positive T Lymphocytes", "CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes", "CD8B1 gene", "COVID-19", "Cells", "Cessation of life", "Circulation", "Compensation", "Cytolysis", "Development", "Disease Outbreaks", "Future", "Generations", "Genetic Transcription", "Grant", "Human", "Immune", "Immune response", "Immunity", "Immunotherapy", "Infection", "Inflammation", "Influenza", "Knowledge", "Location", "Longevity", "Lung", "Maintenance", "Memory", "Molecular", "Morbidity - disease rate", "Mutate", "Pathogenicity", "Pathology", "Pathway interactions", "Phenotype", "Pneumococcal Pneumonia", "Prognosis", "Proliferating", "Pulmonary Pathology", "Research", "Respiratory Tract Infections", "SARS coronavirus", "Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome", "Structure of parenchyma of lung", "T memory cell", "T-Lymphocyte", "Tissues", "Tuberculosis", "Vaccination", "Vaccines", "Viral", "Viral Proteins", "adaptive immune response", "cell type", "cytotoxic", "immunopathology", "influenza outbreak", "insight", "lung injury", "mortality", "mutant", "pandemic disease", "pandemic influenza", "pathogen", "pulmonary function", "recruit", "respiratory virus", "therapy design", "vaccine development" ], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "2938", "attributes": { "award_id": "1918564", "title": "Doctoral Dissertation Research: Regionally-Led Processes and the Building of Civil Society", "funder": { "id": 3, "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62", "name": "National Science Foundation", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "Social, Behavioral, and Economic Sciences (SBE)", "Cult Anthro DDRI" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 8896, "first_name": "Jeffrey", "last_name": "Mantz", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2019-09-15", "end_date": "2021-08-31", "award_amount": 22554, "principal_investigator": { "id": 8899, "first_name": "Hannah", "last_name": "Appel", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [ { "id": 151, "ror": "", "name": "University of California-Los Angeles", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "CA", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true } ] }, "other_investigators": [ { "id": 8898, "first_name": "Zachary", "last_name": "Mondesire", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "awardee_organization": { "id": 151, "ror": "", "name": "University of California-Los Angeles", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "CA", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "What role do regional bodies have in the building and maintenance of civil society? This project, which trains a graduate student in methods of rigorous, empirical data collection and analysis, explores how notions of political belonging are formed and sustained between nation and region. In particular, it will explore new forms of political belonging and governance that exceed national borders, asking what can be learned from supra-national regional dynamics, processes, and imaginations that are becoming increasingly significant in contemporary global politics. In an era when regional alliances and strategies, from the European Union to the North American Free Trade Agreement, are increasingly the subject of intense debate, the significance of region-building more broadly will enhance our understanding of the comparative geopolitics of regional bodies and their role in conflict prevention and resolution. In addition, the project would promote scientific understanding by broadly disseminating its findings to organizations invested in formulating effective practices for the building of civil society.\n\nThe research will be carried out by University of California, Los Angeles doctoral student, Zachary Mondesire, under the supervision of Dr. Hannah Appel. Through a 12-month multi-sited ethnographic study with South Sudanese political and intellectual figures living and working in Khartoum and Nairobi, the project will closely examine the complex ways that individuals understand the political, racial, and geographic communities of which they are a part. To better understand how regional ideas of belonging take shape, he will investigate South Sudan's decision to join the East African Community (EAC), an intergovernmental organization that includes Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Burundi, and Rwanda. He will also trace the ways the South Sudan's ongoing relationship with Sudan continues to shape conflict resolution and mediation in local politics. The participants of this study will include South Sudanese journalists, students, professors, and political figures. Data will be collected through interviews, participant observation, media content analysis, and the analysis of memoirs of South Sudanese political leaders. The findings of this study will lead to more robust understandings of the political, economic, and cultural dimensions of regionally-led processes.\n\nThis award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "1919", "attributes": { "award_id": "2037958", "title": "RAPID: The Long-Term Effects of Covid-19: Decisions, Discovery, and Impact in the Space Sciences", "funder": { "id": 3, "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62", "name": "National Science Foundation", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "Social, Behavioral, and Economic Sciences (SBE)" ], "program_reference_codes": [ "7914" ], "program_officials": [ { "id": 5094, "first_name": "Mary", "last_name": "Feeney", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2020-09-15", "end_date": "2022-08-31", "award_amount": 163564, "principal_investigator": { "id": 5095, "first_name": "Janet A", "last_name": "Vertesi", "orcid": null, "emails": "[email protected]", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [ { "id": 191, "ror": "https://ror.org/00hx57361", "name": "Princeton University", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "NJ", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true } ] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 191, "ror": "https://ror.org/00hx57361", "name": "Princeton University", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "NJ", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "What will happen to science in the wake of COVID-19? Between present work disruptions and a forthcoming recession, we expect significant challenges for federally-funded science. COVID-19 catches scientists in a double bind of both strained budgets and social distancing in the laboratory that make sustaining research programs much more complicated than before. The virus’ varied impact in different states also complicates researcher’s collaborations across different institutions. The tough decisions that scientists make now to navigate the current crisis will have an impact on the coming generation of scientists’ careers, research, and experiments. To examine COVID-19’s emerging impacts on science, we look to a case of federally-funded big science disrupted by the current crisis: planetary and space sciences. These scientists and engineers collaborate on long-term projects that build and command spacecraft that explore the solar system. Through online participation and interviews, we will analyze how planetary scientists build the tools and maintain the relationships they need to get the job done, while largely confined to their homes. Building upon previous NSF-supported research, we will develop a repertoire for action, indicating what scientific communities can do to weather the storm, keep lines of discovery open, maintain investments in diversity and in infrastructure, and organize successful lobbying efforts. In this way we can help to ensure the broadest possible outcomes and benefits from public investment in science during the crisis. This project examines how the relational work of infrastructuring science hold up under extreme economic crisis, and social distancing. The research will examine how researchers plan for the future in uncertain times, how computer-mediated communication impacts decision-making, and how economic and social crises impact diversity initiatives in the sciences. Responses to financial crises shape the social and intellectual organization of science at the level of everyday practice and over the long durée. Further, moments of crisis help surface the often-invisible social relations that scientists depend upon to get the job done. The present COVID-19 crisis, however, makes past periods of uncertainty appear trivial in scale and scope. This project undertakes a rapid-response one-year observational period among the planetary science community, seizing the opportunity to follow a scientific community in depth at its time of greatest potential transformation during a period that promises long-term consequences of decades or more. This federally-funded science is experiencing considerable effects of the crisis, with laboratories are shut down or open under social distancing guidelines, expanding the timeline and expense associated with project delivery, and disruption to established patterns of collaboration. Further, planetary scientists will produce their decadal survey this year: a community engagement study conducted once every ten years to determine the coming decade’s priorities for spacecraft development and scientific investment. As a result, decisions with lasting import will be made in ephemeral, fleeting video-conferenced meetings and text messages, available for a digital ethnographer to attend on the spot but impossible to retrieve after the fact. Using virtual ethnography and online interviews this project will follow three future missions -- the developing Europa Clipper, a proposed mission to Neptune, and an Interstellar Probe – and this year's planned Decadal Survey. The project will also examine the social media conversations that now constitute frontstage chatter among scientists. Examining these ephemeral and undocumented critical interactions will allow the researchers to document a crucial year in the history of the field and to develop novel insights into the relationship between governance and scientific outcomes, discovery, and impact. They will also develop a science funding continuity toolkit for publicly-funded scientists to take action, indicating what scientific communities can do to weather the storm, keep lines of discovery open, maintain workforce diversity, and maximize scientific impact in unprecedented times.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "4279", "attributes": { "award_id": "1623566", "title": "Building Cyber Capacity in the Northwest and Beyond", "funder": { "id": 3, "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62", "name": "National Science Foundation", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "Education and Human Resources (EHR)", "CYBERCORPS: SCHLAR FOR SER" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 14504, "first_name": "Nigamanth", "last_name": "Sridhar", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2016-09-15", "end_date": "2021-08-31", "award_amount": 499998, "principal_investigator": { "id": 14509, "first_name": "Corrinne", "last_name": "Sande", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [ { "id": 319, "ror": "https://ror.org/0420yf673", "name": "Whatcom Community College", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "WA", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true } ] }, "other_investigators": [ { "id": 14505, "first_name": "Janice", "last_name": "Walker", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, { "id": 14506, "first_name": "Heidi", "last_name": "Ypma", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, { "id": 14507, "first_name": "Travis", "last_name": "McEwen", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, { "id": 14508, "first_name": "Christy", "last_name": "Saunders", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "awardee_organization": { "id": 319, "ror": "https://ror.org/0420yf673", "name": "Whatcom Community College", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "WA", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "Whatcom Community College (WCC) proposes to expand upon its cybersecurity programs and workforce capacity-building efforts through a trio of interrelated efforts that support the student pipeline from high school through college and university, including online learning. The project will build the pipeline through high school camps and competitions that offer mentorship opportunities for college students, opportunities for high school students to earn college credit, and exposure to industry, with the ultimate goal of embedding programs in regional high schools for maximum impact. WCC has been designated by the National Security Agency and the Department of Homeland Security as a National Center of Academic Excellence in cybersecurity. It is also the lead institution for Cyber Watch West, a regional center for cybersecurity education funded by the NSF's Advanced Technological Education program. The proposed efforts will leverage these projects and prepare students for emerging topics in key cybersecurity industry sectors including industrial control systems, secure cloud computing, mobile technology, and web development. \n\nThe goals of this project are to: (1) develop and offer an online bachelor of applied science degree in networking, which will include security-infused coursework, embedded certificates, and remote lab accessibility; (2) develop an upper division support/navigator program for students pursuing their programs at WCC or at nearby Western Washington University; and (3) leverage current cybersecurity camps for high school students by including participation in the national high school competition Cyber Patriot. The project will provide employers in both industry and government with qualified networking and cybersecurity professionals to meet the workforce demands. It will offer college credit to high school students successfully completing the cybersecurity camp and will ensure industry participation in curriculum and program development. The program emphasizes study and soft skills using a human-centered design approach that focuses on the individual needs of each student and emphasizes interpersonal skills, critical thinking, and customer service.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "758", "attributes": { "award_id": "2049568", "title": "Collaborative Research: RUI: Ethics of Care and Compounded Disaster", "funder": { "id": 3, "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62", "name": "National Science Foundation", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "Social, Behavioral, and Economic Sciences (SBE)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 1778, "first_name": "Jeffrey", "last_name": "Mantz", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2021-03-01", "end_date": "2024-02-29", "award_amount": 192938, "principal_investigator": { "id": 1779, "first_name": "Jessica", "last_name": "Mulligan", "orcid": null, "emails": "[email protected]", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [ { "id": 391, "ror": "https://ror.org/00rxpqe74", "name": "Providence College", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "RI", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true } ] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 391, "ror": "https://ror.org/00rxpqe74", "name": "Providence College", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "RI", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "When a disaster strikes, health care workers spring into response, treat the injured and aid the sick. But what happens when disasters keep happening, one after another? How do health care workers cope with the constant demands of disaster conditions? This project documents how health care workers responded to disaster conditions, cared for patients, and worked to rebuild the health care system following a major natural disaster. The research is important because disasters and health emergencies are becoming more frequent and more severe. Therefore, gathering data on how the health care work force responds emotionally to prolonged crisis conditions can aid in designing more effective responses. The broader impacts of this project include the training underrepresented students in anthropology and broadening participation for students underrepresented in science. Data from the project will be disseminated to improve healthcare delivery in post-disaster conditions. This project is jointly funded by Cultural Anthropology, and the Established Program to Stimulate Competitive Research (EPSCoR) This project examines whether the ethics of healthcare provisioning transform under conditions of \"compounded disaster,\" through an investigation of disaster recovery in Puerto Rico, whose infrastructure was devastated by Hurricane Maria in 2017, and was still operating under conditions of sustained emergency at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. The central question of this research is: Did health care workers' experiences during and after Hurricane Maria transform their ethics of care? The ethics of care refers to the practices and self-understanding that guide and motivate those who do the work of caring for others. The investigators hypothesize that health care workers developed a new ethics of care that drew upon pre-existing cultural features, but reflects a new sense of solidarity, greater efficacy, and shared purpose forged in the aftermath of Hurricane Maria. The investigators anticipate that this new ethics of care has evolved or transformed through compounding disasters including earthquake swarms and COVID-19. The research design includes data collection through individual interviews, remote focus groups, and on-site participant observation. The project contributes to the scientific understanding of the underlying cultural processes through which disasters transform communities; whether compounded disasters have a geometric or exponential impact on these communities; and also, if the ethics of care fundamentally change under these circumstances. This project generates theory to explain the underlying cultural processes through which (1) disasters transform communities and (2) care workers forge practices and self-understandings that aid in the process of disaster recovery.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } } ], "meta": { "pagination": { "page": 1385, "pages": 1419, "count": 14184 } } }