Grant List
Represents Grant table in the DB
GET /v1/grants?page%5Bnumber%5D=1385&sort=-abstract
{ "links": { "first": "https://cic-apps.datascience.columbia.edu/v1/grants?page%5Bnumber%5D=1&sort=-abstract", "last": "https://cic-apps.datascience.columbia.edu/v1/grants?page%5Bnumber%5D=1424&sort=-abstract", "next": "https://cic-apps.datascience.columbia.edu/v1/grants?page%5Bnumber%5D=1386&sort=-abstract", "prev": "https://cic-apps.datascience.columbia.edu/v1/grants?page%5Bnumber%5D=1384&sort=-abstract" }, "data": [ { "type": "Grant", "id": "3789", "attributes": { "award_id": "1702166", "title": "SusChEM: Chemical Reaction Engineering for Sustainable Production of Nitrogen Fertilizer and Hydrogen Peroxide by Non Thermal Plasma", "funder": { "id": 3, "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62", "name": "National Science Foundation", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "Engineering (ENG)", "Proc Sys, Reac Eng & Mol Therm" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 12408, "first_name": "Raymond", "last_name": "Adomaitis", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2017-09-01", "end_date": "2021-02-28", "award_amount": 301503, "principal_investigator": { "id": 12409, "first_name": "Bruce", "last_name": "Locke", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [ { "id": 343, "ror": "https://ror.org/05g3dte14", "name": "Florida State University", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "FL", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true } ] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 343, "ror": "https://ror.org/05g3dte14", "name": "Florida State University", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "FL", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "1702166 \nPI: Locke, Bruce \n\nThe major aim of the proposed work is to experimentally investigate the sustainable chemical production of nitrate and hydrogen peroxide using a gas-liquid non-thermal plasma reactor. This project also seeks to advance the understanding of the design principles of gas-liquid plasma reactors for chemical synthesis. The underlying theme of this proposal is that providing farmers a way to produce nitrogen fertilizer and hydrogen peroxide pesticide locally from sustainable resources, e.g., water, air, and solar energy, in a green chemical process, is an ideal approach to both reducing the environmental impact of fertilizer production and improving the productivity and profit margin of farmers. This project will advance sustainability in chemical reaction engineering through reduction in utilization of petroleum feedstocks for fertilizer and pesticide production. \n\nThe proposed research aims to develop a detailed analysis of how non-thermal plasma reactors can be utilized to form nitrate and other species. In the plasma reactor the plasma discharge channels form on, and propagate along, the interface between a flowing gas and a flowing liquid. The reactor design principles to be developed include determination of how plasma properties interact with reactor characteristics and electrical conditions to facilitate synthetic chemical reactions involving nitrogen oxides. The project has three specific aims directed to three major hypotheses. The first specific aim involves the analysis of the chemical reaction mechanisms, and the major hypothesis is that the primary reaction pathway for nitrate formation is through hydroxyl radical reactions. The second specific aim deals with the analysis of the plasma properties and power supply characteristics, and determination of how these properties interact and affect the chemical reaction pathways. The major hypothesis is that nitrate formation efficiency can be controlled by variation of the plasma temperature, electron density, and input power characteristics (pulse power, voltage, frequency). The third specific aim deals with the analysis and development of novel chemical reactor design features for improved performance. The major hypothesis is that modifications of the internal geometry of the gas-liquid plasma reactor (including channel size and nozzle diameter), which affect the surface area, gas and liquid residence times, and plasma contacting, can affect the formation of nitrate via effects on formation of key reactive species including hydroxyl radicals. Outreach activities through the Challenger Center of the FAMU-FSU College of Engineering are proposed and will include presentations and learning modules about plasma applications and topics related to green chemical synthesis and agriculture.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "4317", "attributes": { "award_id": "1655376", "title": "2017 Regenerative Medicine Workshop at Hilton Head, SC", "funder": { "id": 3, "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62", "name": "National Science Foundation", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "Engineering (ENG)", "Engineering of Biomed Systems" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 14671, "first_name": "Aleksandr", "last_name": "Simonian", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2017-02-01", "end_date": "2018-01-31", "award_amount": 20000, "principal_investigator": { "id": 14672, "first_name": "Robert", "last_name": "Guldberg", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 294, "ror": "", "name": "Georgia Tech Research Corporation", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "GA", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "1655376\nGuldberg\n\nNSF has made an award to support travel costs and registration fees for 7 workshop speakers and registration fees for 19 trainees and 5 young faculty members who will attend the three-day Regenerative Medicine Workshop at Hilton Head being held March 1-4, 2017, on Hilton Head Island, SC. The workshop, part of a series that began in 1996, brings together national and international regenerative medicine experts from a variety of engineering and scientific disciplines in a small conference setting to effectively convey knowledge, stimulate new ideas critical to advancing the development of regenerative medicine applications and therapies and promote research collaborations. This year's workshop will focus on the theme of cellular models in regenerative medicine. Conference session topics will include: Cellular therapies for liver disease; Cell-based models for human retinal degenerative diseases; Genome sequencing and epigenomic regulation; Regeneration of pancreatic cells for treating diabetes; Nanoscale approaches for cell regeneration; and Combating muscle degeneration diseases.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "4256", "attributes": { "award_id": "1645287", "title": "EAGER- Developing Technologies in Air-Quality Monitoring for Environmentally Engaged and Empowered Communities", "funder": { "id": 3, "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62", "name": "National Science Foundation", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "Unknown", "EnvE-Environmental Engineering" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 14383, "first_name": "Karl", "last_name": "Rockne", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2016-08-15", "end_date": "2020-07-31", "award_amount": 99793, "principal_investigator": { "id": 14384, "first_name": "Mohammad", "last_name": "Khan", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [ { "id": 1165, "ror": "https://ror.org/03g35dg18", "name": "Delaware State University", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "DE", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true } ] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 1165, "ror": "https://ror.org/03g35dg18", "name": "Delaware State University", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "DE", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "1645287\nKhan\n\nThe development and applications of low-cost, portable air-quality sensors to measure gases and particulate pollutants has grown significantly in the past several years. This need is further elevated by poor and deteriorating air quality and related health concerns experienced in urban regions throughout the world, in both the developed and developing countries. This EAGER proposal aims at developing a citizen science program to study the impact of air-pollution, and, a basic understating of factors that influence local and regional air-quality by broad dissemination of sensor technology to the local communities and to the general public. A novel aspect of this air monitoring citizens science program is that it brings together various organizations, communities with diverse background of participants and volunteers.\n\nAtmospheric carbon dioxide, methane, and water vapor are the three of the most important greenhouse gases with impact on the radiative forcing on earth with diverse sources of emissions. Among several of the anthropogenic sources of emissions, a few are: fossil fuel combustion, agricultural soil management, landfills, and fugitive emissions from natural gas. Therefore, as a part of technological development part of this project the PI will design and develop a low-cost, portable, highly precise and user-friendly sensor porotypes to simultaneously measure carbon dioxide, methane, carbon monoxide and water vapor. There are two goals of this program: 1. design and develop technologies that enable low-cost and user-friendly operation of air-quality monitoring sensors, and, 2. develop a comprehensive program to enhance environmental awareness by infusing these technologies to key stakeholders by partnering with local schools, environmental agencies and organizations in the state of Delaware. This air monitoring citizen science program involves several stakeholders and participants from local environmental agencies, local organizations, schools, hospitals and health services in the state of Delaware. The program will empower communities towards better understanding of tools and technologies of monitoring systems, basis understanding of air quality and pollution, and its local and global impact. Several components of citizens air monitoring program will integrate into current programs from partner organizations which includes school rain garden project, green buildings, vehicle ant-idling campaigns and awareness campaigns of impact of air quality on children?s health. Finally, the program will greatly enhance capacity and capabilities of Delaware State University, an HBCU institution, by developing innovative sensing technologies for low-cost, portable next-generation air monitoring sensors.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "4257", "attributes": { "award_id": "1642513", "title": "EAGER: AirU: Community Network to Understand Air Quality and Sensor Reliability", "funder": { "id": 3, "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62", "name": "National Science Foundation", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "Engineering (ENG)", "EnvS-Environmtl Sustainability" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 14388, "first_name": "Bruce", "last_name": "Hamilton", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2016-10-01", "end_date": "2020-09-30", "award_amount": 99617, "principal_investigator": { "id": 14390, "first_name": "Kerry", "last_name": "Kelly", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [ { "id": 202, "ror": "https://ror.org/03r0ha626", "name": "University of Utah", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "UT", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true } ] }, "other_investigators": [ { "id": 14389, "first_name": "Anthony E", "last_name": "Butterfield", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "awardee_organization": { "id": 202, "ror": "https://ror.org/03r0ha626", "name": "University of Utah", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "UT", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "1642513 \nKelly, Kerry E.\n \nThis award is under NSF's topic of Public Participation in Scientific Research. The project will build on the principal investigators' (PIs) existing community partnerships, K-12 outreach program, and their network platform for low-cost air quality sensors (AirU) to engage and empower their community in understanding and addressing their city's most pressing air-quality research questions and to evaluate sensor reliability. It focuses on the Salt Lake Valley, which experiences periodic episodes of poor air quality, at times having the highest levels of particulate matter (PM) pollution in the nation. The project will bring together three communities: high-school and middle-school students who will build their own sensor package and contribute data to the network; a non-profit organization, Breathe Utah, who will develop educational curricula and bring low-cost sensors to middle schools; and a community organization, PurpleAir, which has been collecting air-quality data to understand the effects of gravel-pit operations on local air quality. \n\nThe approach involves: (a) engaging the community groups to identify their most pressing air-quality research questions, (b) improving understanding of the geo-spatial and temporal resolution of air-quality metrics, (c) developing strategies to leverage citizen science in understanding sensor reliability, and (d) integrating a low-cost sensor package into the Department of Chemical Engineering's regular visits to high-schools as part of their STEM outreach efforts. The air-quality data network will continually report online air-quality parameters, including PM, NO2, and CO, and will educate the public about project progress and more broadly about local air quality with regular updates and opportunities for feedback.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "4073", "attributes": { "award_id": "1638459", "title": "Bioceramics 28 Conference", "funder": { "id": 3, "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62", "name": "National Science Foundation", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "Engineering (ENG)", "Engineering of Biomed Systems" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 13668, "first_name": "Michele", "last_name": "Grimm", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2016-05-15", "end_date": "2017-04-30", "award_amount": 20000, "principal_investigator": { "id": 13669, "first_name": "Ahmed", "last_name": "El-Ghannam", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [ { "id": 248, "ror": "https://ror.org/04dawnj30", "name": "University of North Carolina at Charlotte", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "NC", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true } ] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 248, "ror": "https://ror.org/04dawnj30", "name": "University of North Carolina at Charlotte", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "NC", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "1638459-El-Ghannam\n\nNSF has made an aware in support of registration, housing and travel for 10 students and minority investigators to attend the Annual meeting of the International Society for Ceramics in Medicine (ISCM), October 18-21, 2016, Charlotte, NC. Though this is the 28th such annual meeting, the meeting has only been held once in the United States in the last 19 years. The meeting's theme is \"Multifunctional Bioceramics for Innovative Therapy\" with a particular emphasis being placed on drug delivery for treatment of difficult diseases, including cancer and infection, and for bone reconstruction. Highlighted topics include multifunctional bioceramics for drug delivery and tissue reconstruction, bioglasses, composites, bioceramics coating technology, 3D printing of bioceramic medical devices, manufacturing techniques of bioceramics, new design of bioceramics and clinical applications and bioceramic curriculum development and education.he NSF funds will be awarded as prizes in a research competition. The two objectives are to: 1) provide US biotechnology investigators and students opportunities to constructively interact with international fellow investigators and clinicians with complementary expertise in order to develop new collaborations and 2) provide graduate students and minority researchers opportunities to showcase their research in a competitive forum. Every participant will have the opportunity to present his/her research in a podium or poster presentation and submit full papers that will be peer reviewed and published in the Proceedings. The NSF funds will be awarded as prizes for these presentations. Broader Impact will be achieved by the bringing together of researchers and educators from numerous disciplines at various stages of their careers - from materials scientists, chemists, bioengineers to biologists to clinicians - from academia and industry - from students to well established researchers, in an outstanding environment for state-of-the-art and in-depth discussions. Encouragement of student and post-doc participation will have a broad impact on bioceramics research in the USA not just for current times but for the future as investigators and students will interact with international scholars, network and develop into future leaders in bioceramics science and engineering.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "4204", "attributes": { "award_id": "1637764", "title": "NRI: Task-Based Assistance for Software-Enabled Biomedical Devices", "funder": { "id": 3, "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62", "name": "National Science Foundation", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "Engineering (ENG)", "NRI-National Robotics Initiati" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 14165, "first_name": "Christina", "last_name": "Payne", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2016-09-01", "end_date": "2021-08-31", "award_amount": 429782, "principal_investigator": { "id": 14166, "first_name": "Todd", "last_name": "Murphey", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 317, "ror": "https://ror.org/000e0be47", "name": "Northwestern University", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "IL", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "1637764 - Murphey\n\nRobotic assistive devices help people execute and learn physical tasks. Sometimes these tasks are relatively simple, sometimes they are in a particular context, and sometimes they are highly dynamic and very task specific. This work will create algorithms that enable the delivered assistance to take into account algorithmic descriptions of the underlying task. As an example, walking is a highly structured task that simultaneously requires efficiency and stability during motion and must take into account terrain characteristics. The work takes advantage of task knowledge to either modify a person's motion or exert forces that help the person complete the task. This capability is relevant to rehabilitation and physical therapy, where one may wish to only minimally help a person in order to improve therapy outcomes. This work will therefore impact the development of software that supports people engaged in robot-assisted physical therapy, including people recovering from various forms of injury. The key to this work is that knowledge of a task is combined with knowledge of a person's capabilities to synthesize software decisions that ensure safety while also maximizing a person's agency during motion. Broader impact of this work includes technology transfer to rehabilitation, outreach through the Museum of Science and Industry in Chicago, classroom innovation, and industry collaboration.\n\nThe proposed work will create software-enabled, task-specific support for assistive biomedical devices. Dynamic tasks require that a combination of the robot and the assisted person be both effective and safe, and the proposed research will create algorithms and software that ensure efficacy and safety while leaving the user free to both move and exert effort. The latter is important in contexts like physical therapy, where effort is important to therapeutic impact. The proposed work will leverage recent results in real-time nonlinear optimal control techniques for human-in-the-loop systems. Specifically, sequential action control (SAC) will be used to both filter and assist human subject dynamic behavior, using a method called the Maxwell's Demon Algorithm. The work will additionally develop formal methodologies for establishing stability and performance guarantees for the proposed algorithms. Lastly, the proposed work will develop compact representations of the controlled assistance algorithms appropriate for computationally minimal embedded systems. All the work will be developed in the Robot Operating System (ROS), making the developed tools widely available to both researchers and companies. The algorithms will be tested on haptic devices and an exoskeleton. The broader impacts for this work will include outreach, technology transfer to rehabilitation, the development of courses in dynamics and analysis, and industrial collaboration. The PI is currently working with the Museum of Science and Industry, and as part of the proposed work the PI and supported students will participate in a National Robotics Week exhibit in the main rotunda of the museum with an estimated viewership of over ten thousand on-site visitors. The PI is involved in significant classroom innovations, and the proposed work will include development of courses in analysis and dynamics. Lastly, the project will include a collaboration with Ekso Bionics, leveraging and impacting their unparalleled expertise in exoskeleton development.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "4011", "attributes": { "award_id": "1612429", "title": "Workshop Proposal: Wastewater Handling in Outbreak Response - Lessons and Research Needs from the 2014/15 Ebola Virus Outbreak", "funder": { "id": 3, "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62", "name": "National Science Foundation", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "Engineering (ENG)", "EnvE-Environmental Engineering" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 13444, "first_name": "William", "last_name": "Cooper", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2016-03-15", "end_date": "2016-08-31", "award_amount": 44071, "principal_investigator": { "id": 13445, "first_name": "Kyle", "last_name": "Bibby", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 272, "ror": "https://ror.org/01an3r305", "name": "University of Pittsburgh", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "PA", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "1612429\nBibby\n\nIn March 2014, an unprecedented outbreak of Ebola virus disease began in Western Africa. In response to the Ebola virus epidemic, both the World Health Organization and the United States Centers for Disease Control advised direct disposal of Ebola-contaminated liquid waste into sewage systems (wastewater collection and treatment systems) and latrines without disinfection. In the wake of this recommendation, several questions were raised regarding appropriate handling of Ebola virus contaminated liquid waste, including the environmental persistence of Ebola virus, efficacy of disinfection approaches against Ebola virus, and risks posed by Ebola virus within wastewater infrastructure. In light of the uncertainty and research following this outbreak, the principal investigator (PI) proposes a workshop to summarize the state of knowledge on Ebola fate in human waste and the environment. This topic will be extended to other emerging deadly pathogens. The goal of this workshop is to summarize current research findings, compare results utilizing Ebola virus surrogates and the Ebola virus, and move towards a consensus on recommendations for outbreak response and research needs. The workshop is proposed to be 1.5 days (tentatively February 18-19) in the Washington, D.C. region.\n\n\nThe proposed workshop will advance understanding in the handling of Ebola contaminated wastewater by sharing cutting edge research. It will also inform wastewater handling in outbreak response. The proposers are well-qualified to conduct the proposed workshop as each have active funded projects in environmental viral persistence and quantification, including Ebola virus persistence. The workshop is coordinated with Homeland Security investigators who are involved in Ebola studies, and the results of the studies conducted by the investigators will be compared. The proposed project will promote teaching, training, and learning for workshop participants. It is the goal of the workshop planners to invite a small group of postdoctoral scholars and graduate students to enhance participation and training. The proposed workshop will broaden participation and integrate diversity through targeting gender balance in workshop participants and discussion leaders. The results from this project will be disseminated in the peer-reviewed literature and a final workshop report. Ultimately, this workshop will lead to improved public health through better-informed wastewater handling in outbreak response.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "4191", "attributes": { "award_id": "1604369", "title": "Collaborative Research: SusCHEM: Hybrid mixed-resolution solvation models for chemical processing in ionic liquids", "funder": { "id": 3, "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62", "name": "National Science Foundation", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "Engineering (ENG)", "Proc Sys, Reac Eng & Mol Therm" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 14114, "first_name": "Raymond", "last_name": "Adomaitis", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2016-09-01", "end_date": "2020-08-31", "award_amount": 179998, "principal_investigator": { "id": 14115, "first_name": "Steven", "last_name": "Lustig", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [ { "id": 184, "ror": "https://ror.org/04t5xt781", "name": "Northeastern University", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "MA", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true } ] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 184, "ror": "https://ror.org/04t5xt781", "name": "Northeastern University", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "MA", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "1605744 / 1604369 \nPIs: Ismail, Ahmed / Bardhan, Jaydeep \nInstitution: West Virginia University Research Corporation / Northeastern University\nTitle: Collaborative Research: SusCHEM: Hybrid mixed-resolution solvation models for chemical processing in ionic liquids\n\nA major bottleneck in the quest for large-scale replacement of petroleum feedstocks with ones derived from cellulosic biomass is the difficulty posed by the physical, chemical, and biological pretreatments that are necessary for converting the native biomass into industrially-useful feedstocks. And while the mechanical and biological pretreatment routes are largely well understood, substantial uncertainty remains in how to chemically pretreat biomass to enable further processing. The goal of this collaborative project is to advance multiscale models of molecular solvation to better understand dissolution of cellulosic biomass in ionic liquids. Ionic liquids are an important class of materials, which have a broad spectrum of applications. The project will (i) apply multiscale solvent models to ionic liquids; (ii) establish the use of X-ray solution scattering experiments to validate multiscale models; (iii) apply these models to understand why small concentrations of dissolved water limit cellulose dissolution; and (iv) integrate research with education and outreach efforts to advance cross-disciplinary training and broaden STEM participation.\n\nThe proposed research will elucidate the fundamental relationships between ionic liquid structure and performance, and how these relationships depend on temperature and water content. These dependencies are key to enabling the rational engineering of ionic liquids for robust performance during chemical processing in ionic liquids. The computational techniques that will be developed will link the microscopic details with macroscopic behavior using a novel multiscale approach that drastically reduces the computational costs associated with atomistic molecular dynamics and coarse-grained simulations. By reducing the number of atoms present in the system, the cost of calculating electrostatic forces, the dominant cost in molecular dynamics simulations of charged systems, will be greatly reduced, allowing for much larger and longer simulations with the same set of available computational resources. This approach will allow for much more in-depth studies of the interactions between ionic liquids and cellulose than is currently possible. The ultimate objective is the identification of the dominant criteria for selecting ionic liquids that will enable the design of more economical and more efficient chemical processes for cellulose dissolution.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "4169", "attributes": { "award_id": "1605407", "title": "Towards science-driven designs of transportation green infrastructure", "funder": { "id": 3, "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62", "name": "National Science Foundation", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "Engineering (ENG)", "EnvE-Environmental Engineering" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [], "start_date": "2016-07-15", "end_date": "2020-12-31", "award_amount": 325885, "principal_investigator": { "id": 14039, "first_name": "Ke", "last_name": "Zhang", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [ { "id": 279, "ror": "https://ror.org/05bnh6r87", "name": "Cornell University", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "NY", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true } ] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 279, "ror": "https://ror.org/05bnh6r87", "name": "Cornell University", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "NY", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "1605407\nZhang\n\nNear-road air pollution is a worldwide public health concern. A predictive tool (model) will be developed to analyze various atmospheric processes and their interactions in the roadway-vegetation environments. The overall research objective of this proposal is to test the hypothesis that science-driven designs of roadside green infrastructure such as vegetation barriers and vegetated noise barriers can effectively mitigate near-road air pollution. \n\nThe predictive tool will be built on an environmental turbulent reacting flow modeling framework, Comprehensive Turbulent Aerosol Dynamics and Gas Chemistry, developed by PI's research group. New components will be created to represent the turbulent mixing and atmospheric deposition processes due to roadside green infrastructure. In addition, a full gas-phase chemical mechanism will be incorporated to assess the role of biogenic volatile organic compound emissions on near-road air pollution. Furthermore, a novel method to couple turbulent mixing and multi-component aerosol dynamics will be created to enhance the accuracy in quantifying the effects of green infrastructure on evolution of particulate matter near roadways. Each process will be tested extensively against both laboratory and field measurement datasets. Working with ecosystem designers and scientists, the research team will apply the predictive tool to investigate how the advanced scientific understanding can improve real-world green infrastructure designs, i.e., testing the hypothesis, at two locations, Oakland, CA and Research Triangle Park, NC. Finally, the effects of green infrastructure will be parameterized by modifying Gaussian plume formulations using a novel multi-regime method based on the fundamental understanding of the flow structures before and behind roadside green infrastructure. The parameterizations will be incorporated into a highway dispersion model, CALINE4. Thus the modified CALINE4 becomes an assessment tool for the broad community. \n\nThe specific objectives of the proposed project are to: 1) elucidate how the presence of green infrastructure affects the different atmospheric processes near roadways using an integrated experimental modeling approach, 2) evaluate how different green infrastructure designs affect their effectiveness in reducing near-road air pollutant levels, and, 3) create an assessment tool that allow planners and designers to evaluate different green infrastructure designs. The research products from this project will transform the transportation planning and community designing process. The current role of transportation planning in improving air quality is mostly \"passive,\" meaning that air quality is treated as compliance. The research will encourage local communities to identify solutions to their local near-road air pollution problems, contributing to sustainable community development. Their modeling framework will become a platform for fostering interdisciplinary partnerships among different fields (e.g., air quality and transportation management, landscaping and urban planning) in solving transportation air quality problems. The collaborations with government agencies (i.e., EPA and Forestry Service), companies (i.e., Accent Environmental) and NGOs (i.e., Urban Biofilter and Breathe California of Sacramento) on this project will mark the first step towards this interdisciplinary partnership. Lastly, the objective of the education plan is to bring more underrepresented minority students into the research fields, built on PI's previous success in working with and recruiting underrepresented minority students. Besides the interdisciplinary training of a graduate student, the PI will partner with the Diversity Programs in Engineering at Cornell University to recruit underrepresented minority undergraduates to work on the Research Experiences for Undergraduates (REU) program associated with the proposed project.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "4566", "attributes": { "award_id": "1601245", "title": "2016 Gordon Research Conference in Industrial Ecology: Opportunities for the Critical Decade - Decoupling Well-Being from Environmental Pressures and Impacts", "funder": { "id": 3, "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62", "name": "National Science Foundation", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "Engineering (ENG)", "EnvS-Environmtl Sustainability" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 15741, "first_name": "Bruce", "last_name": "Hamilton", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2016-03-15", "end_date": "2016-08-31", "award_amount": 30000, "principal_investigator": { "id": 15743, "first_name": "Heinz", "last_name": "Schandl", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [ { "id": 226, "ror": "https://ror.org/05rad4t93", "name": "Gordon Research Conferences", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "RI", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true } ] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 226, "ror": "https://ror.org/05rad4t93", "name": "Gordon Research Conferences", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "RI", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "1601245 \nSchandl, Heinz\n\nThe Gordon Research Conference on Industrial Ecology (GRC-IE) will be held at the Stoweflake Conference Center, Stowe, Vermont, June 19 to 24, 2016. A companion meeting for graduate students and post-doctoral researchers, the Gordon Research Seminar on Industrial Ecology (GRS-IE), will be held in conjunction with the GRC-IE. This is a grant for U.S. participant support: conference fees and travel focused on post-docs and students. \n\nIndustrial ecology is an emerging field that examines local, regional and global uses and flows of materials and energy in products, processes, industrial sectors and economies as a means of exploring opportunities for sustainable production and consumption. The 2016 Gordon Research Conference on Industrial Ecology will examine decoupling human well-being from environmental pressures and impacts. This conference will investigate the newest insights from the science of industrial ecology to support technological solutions, policy innovation and new business models for sustainable development. Industrial ecology has the potential to contribute importantly to the development of knowledge, technologies and policies that can reduce the environmental impacts of industrial systems directly and by situating technological analysis in a broader economic and social context as a basis for private strategy and public policy.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } } ], "meta": { "pagination": { "page": 1385, "pages": 1424, "count": 14236 } } }