Grant List
Represents Grant table in the DB
GET /v1/grants?page%5Bnumber%5D=1384&sort=title
{ "links": { "first": "https://cic-apps.datascience.columbia.edu/v1/grants?page%5Bnumber%5D=1&sort=title", "last": "https://cic-apps.datascience.columbia.edu/v1/grants?page%5Bnumber%5D=1424&sort=title", "next": "https://cic-apps.datascience.columbia.edu/v1/grants?page%5Bnumber%5D=1385&sort=title", "prev": "https://cic-apps.datascience.columbia.edu/v1/grants?page%5Bnumber%5D=1383&sort=title" }, "data": [ { "type": "Grant", "id": "8661", "attributes": { "award_id": "3UM1AI148573-02S4", "title": "University of Washington Vaccine and Treatment Evaluation Unit - DMID 21-0012", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 7539, "first_name": "Marina", "last_name": "Lee", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2021-08-24", "end_date": "2025-11-30", "award_amount": 1259301, "principal_investigator": { "id": 24431, "first_name": "Raymond Scott", "last_name": "McClelland", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [ { "id": 159, "ror": "https://ror.org/00cvxb145", "name": "University of Washington", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "WA", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true } ] }, "other_investigators": [ { "id": 23371, "first_name": "Anna", "last_name": "Wald", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "awardee_organization": { "id": 159, "ror": "https://ror.org/00cvxb145", "name": "University of Washington", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "WA", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), causative agent of the coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, has infected over 126 million people worldwide and resulted in over 2.7 million deaths, including > 548,000 in the United States (March 27, 2021, WHO; www.who.int). Multiple Phase 3 efficacy trials of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine constructs are underway or in long-term follow-up in the U.S, and these studies have supported 3 Emergency Use Authorizations (EUAs) for COVID vaccines. The emergence of variant strains has raised concerns about the breadth of immunity and protection achieved by the current vaccines. WHO SAGE and CDC ACIP have identified the safety and immunogenicity of mixed schedules as a critical and immediate research priority to inform policy on the use of mixed schedules. Knowledge of the safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity of a boost vaccine using a heterologous platform with the homologous or variant spike lineage administered after an EUA primary dosing is a critical piece of information needed to inform public health decisions. The heterologous boost strategy will also provide an opportunity to thoroughly evaluate innate, cellular, and humoral immune responses elicited from the multiple prime boost combinations using very similar immunogens, utilizing mRNA, adenovirus- vectored, and protein- based platforms. As new vaccines are manufactured to emerging variants, these foundational data will be key to the evaluation of future variant and heterologous prime-boost strategies. This phase 1/2 clinical trial will evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of different heterologous delayed doses (boosts) in those who received an EUA vaccine (either prior to participation in this trial, or as part of this trial).", "keywords": [ "2019-nCoV", "Adenovirus Vector", "Adult", "Antigens", "COVID-19", "COVID-19 pandemic", "COVID-19 vaccine", "Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)", "Cessation of life", "Data", "Dose", "Evaluation", "FDA Emergency Use Authorization", "Foundations", "Future", "Immune response", "Immunity", "Knowledge", "Longterm Follow-up", "Messenger RNA", "Multi-Institutional Clinical Trial", "Phase", "Phase I/II Clinical Trial", "Policies", "Proteins", "Public Health", "Research Priority", "Safety", "Schedule", "United States", "Universities", "Vaccines", "Variant", "Washington", "base", "coronavirus disease", "efficacy trial", "immunogenicity", "novel vaccines", "open label" ], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "561", "attributes": { "award_id": "2041547", "title": "University-Industry Partnerships in the Social Sciences Helping Organizations Achieve Impact", "funder": { "id": 3, "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62", "name": "National Science Foundation", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "Social, Behavioral, and Economic Sciences (SBE)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 1196, "first_name": "Tara", "last_name": "Behrend", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2020-09-01", "end_date": "2023-02-28", "award_amount": 58548, "principal_investigator": { "id": 1197, "first_name": "Ted", "last_name": "Knight", "orcid": null, "emails": "[email protected]", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [ { "id": 297, "ror": "https://ror.org/047s2c258", "name": "University of Maryland, College Park", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "MD", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true } ] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 297, "ror": "https://ror.org/047s2c258", "name": "University of Maryland, College Park", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "MD", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "We live in a complex social world in which the challenges facing society evolve continuously, and organizations must adapt to meet them. With the rapid growth of social networks over the last two decades and the corresponding availability of big data, the behavioral and social sciences have become increasingly important to the development and growth of organizations’ capacity to understand and address global challenges. The recent COVID-19 pandemic has accentuated the importance of the social sciences in providing guidance during societal crises, particularly with respect to the successful operation of organizations during emergencies. Social, behavioral, and organizational science can help organizations address societal needs, and these contributions can be magnified through collaborations between academia and industry. With respect to such issues as shaping the future of work, harnessing data for societal benefit, supporting diversity and inclusion, advancing team science, establishing successful leadership and mentorship models within organizations, and understanding the impact of artificial intelligence on society, the social sciences are critical for advances and solutions. There are significant opportunities for expanding academic-corporate partnerships in the social sciences to help address urgent societal needs. The University of Maryland, College Park, in collaboration with the University Industry Demonstration Partnership, will host a three-day workshop in College Park, Maryland, convening a diverse group of experts and leaders from academia, industry, and government to consider how academic-corporate partnerships can advance social, behavioral, and organizational science research to positively impact science and society. This workshop will help generate more awareness about the collaborative opportunities that exist within the social, behavioral, economic, and organizational science disciplines, and will produce strategies to fuel future industry-university partnerships. The workshop will showcase research collaborations relevant to business practitioners, policy makers, and research communities, examine how organizations develop and operate successfully, especially amid current challenges such as the COVID-19 pandemic, and explore how university-industry collaborations in the social sciences can stimulate discovery, knowledge exchange, and economic development, helping to create value and achieve social impact.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "7534", "attributes": { "award_id": "3R01AI120938-05S1", "title": "Unlocking the Potential of HIV-Infected Deceased Donors for Organ Transplantation", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 20873, "first_name": "Jonah", "last_name": "Odim", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2020-06-18", "end_date": "2021-11-30", "award_amount": 166213, "principal_investigator": { "id": 20874, "first_name": "AARON A", "last_name": "TOBIAN", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [ { "id": 344, "ror": "https://ror.org/00za53h95", "name": "Johns Hopkins University", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "MD", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true } ] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 344, "ror": "https://ror.org/00za53h95", "name": "Johns Hopkins University", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "MD", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the cause of coronavirus disease (COVID-19), has spurred a global health crisis. To date, there are no proven options for prophylaxis for those who have been exposed to SARS-CoV-2, nor proven therapy for those who develop COVID-19. Passive antibody (Ab) administration through transfusion of convalescent plasma may offer the best and only short- term strategy to confer immediate immunity to susceptible individuals. In the United States, convalescent plasma transfusions could potentially be used as a prophylaxis for those at high-risk or those showing early symptoms of SARS-CoV-2. The blood transfusion community has begun collecting convalescent plasma from individuals who have recovered from COVID-19. As part of this effort, the US Food and Drug Administration has set a target of a titer greater than 1:320 for the ideal convalescent plasma donor. However, in the US only 70% of recovered patients (at least 14 days symptom free) have had high viral titers meeting the FDA recommendation. It is unknown why some individuals have high titers and others do not. We propose that increased viral titers are associated with low Ab binding affinity and increased inflammation resulting from a `cytokine storm'. We hypothesize that individuals with low antibody titers have a strong neutralizing antibody response due to higher antibody binding avidity, past viral exposures, and a favorable inflammatory response making them suitable for effectively clearing SARS-CoV-2 viral infections. The proposed aims will utilize >120 recovered SARS-CoV-2 donors of plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Our clinical team has already received FDA Investigational New Drug (IND) clearance (IND 19725) and IRB approval to begin collecting convalescent plasma from recovered donors. We have already screened >120 convalescent plasma donors and have access to demographic information. We propose the following aims: Aim 1: Evaluate total antibody repertoire and neutralizing antibody response in convalescent plasma donors. Aim 1b. Evaluate current or prior viral exposures effect on SARS- CoV-2 antibody titers. Aim 2: Characterize inflammatory environment of convalescent plasma donors comparing those with a high titer to those with low titer. Aim 3: Assess if SARS-CoV-2 infection and associated proinflammatory immune responses reactivate latent viral infections in convalescent plasma donors. Convalescent plasma, as well as future monoclonal Ab therapy, represent some of the few promising therapies for COVID-19, and it is critically important to fully understand how these protective antibodies develop and how the viral titer can be interpreted. These proposed studies will also aid in the development of assays to determine antibody avidity and affinity in convalescent patient plasma to be used for future transfusion treatments and future outbreaks.", "keywords": [ "2019-nCoV", "Affinity", "Antibodies", "Antibody Affinity", "Antibody Avidity", "Antibody Repertoire", "Antibody Response", "Antibody titer measurement", "Avidity", "Binding", "Biological Assay", "Blood Transfusion", "Blood specimen", "COVID-19", "China", "Clinical", "Communities", "Coronavirus", "Cytomegalovirus", "Data", "Detection", "Diagnostic", "Disease Outbreaks", "Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay", "Exposure to", "Future", "HIV", "Hepatitis C virus", "Human Herpesvirus 2", "Human Herpesvirus 4", "Immune response", "Immunity", "Individual", "Infection", "Inflammation", "Inflammatory Response", "Infrastructure", "Institutional Review Boards", "Investigational Drugs", "Laboratories", "Measures", "Monoclonal Antibody Therapy", "Nucleic Acids", "Organ Donor", "Organ Transplantation", "Patients", "Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell", "Plasma", "Process", "Prophylactic treatment", "Radiology Specialty", "Recommendation", "Resolution", "Serological", "Simplexvirus", "Symptoms", "Testing", "Time", "Transfusion", "United States", "United States Food and Drug Administration", "Viral", "Viral Load result", "Virus", "Virus Diseases", "Virus Latency", "Whole Blood", "assay development", "chemokine", "coronavirus disease", "cytokine", "cytokine release syndrome", "drug clearance", "global health", "high risk", "improved", "inflammatory milieu", "meetings", "neutralizing antibody", "next generation sequencing", "passive antibodies", "public health relevance", "response", "virome" ], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "6142", "attributes": { "award_id": "3R01AI120938-05S2", "title": "Unlocking the Potential of HIV-Infected Deceased Donors for Organ Transplantation", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 20873, "first_name": "Jonah", "last_name": "Odim", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2015-12-01", "end_date": "2022-11-30", "award_amount": 231886, "principal_investigator": { "id": 20874, "first_name": "AARON A", "last_name": "TOBIAN", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [ { "id": 344, "ror": "https://ror.org/00za53h95", "name": "Johns Hopkins University", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "MD", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true } ] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 344, "ror": "https://ror.org/00za53h95", "name": "Johns Hopkins University", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "MD", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "The need for organ transplantation in HIV-positive individuals is growing due to a rising prevalence of end-stage renal and liver disease. Excellent outcomes of transplantation in HIV-positive individuals have been achieved using HIV-negative donors. However, due to a major organ shortage and a high waitlist mortality for HIV-positive individuals in particular, a novel source of organs is desperately needed. Organs from HIV-positive deceased donors (HIVDD) are a unique potential resource for HIV-positive individuals awaiting transplantation. By expanding the donor pool by potentially >2400 HIVDD annually, the use of HIVDD could also decrease the wait time for HIV-negative individuals, resulting in a far-reaching public health impact. Recognition of this need led to the passage of the HIV Organ Policy Equity (HOPE) Act by Congress and signed by President Obama, calling for research on HIV-to-HIV organ transplants. However, critical questions remain surrounding the use of HIVDD. With the support of the United Network of Organ Sharing (UNOS) and the Association of Organ Procurement Organizations (AOPO), we aim to define the epidemiology and HIV-specific biology of the HIVDD pool. Leveraging the existing infrastructure of UNOS and the OPOs, we will perform a comprehensive evaluation of potential HIVDDs and their recipients. First, we will define the size of the HIVDD pool and the distribution of demographic factors, comorbidities, HIV viral load, CD4 count, and use of antiretroviral therapy (ART) using rapid screens that are standard in deceased donor evaluation. Second, we will perform more time-intensive assays to determine the prevalence of potential contraindications to donation, such as extensive ART resistance, that cannot be assessed during the rapid screening window. Third, we will explore prediction models to determine whether rapid screening can estimate the risk of potential HIV-specific contraindications to donation. Finally, we will evaluate HIV-to HIV transplant recipient safety through a prospective observational study of HIV-to-HIV renal transplantation and also through mandated data collection by the Scientific Registry for Transplant Recipients. Understanding the HIVDD pool is critical for clinical decision-making (i.e. assessing individual risk) and for policy-making (i.e. whether it is safe enough to merit the use of some, or even all, HIVDD). We have assembled a team led by an early stage investigator with expertise in HIV epidemiology, laboratory testing, and leading multidisciplinary studies, a well-respected transplant surgeon with experience influencing national policy, researchers in basic HIV biology from Johns Hopkins and the NIH, an industry leader in diagnostic virology, AOPO, and UNOS. The HOPE Act directs the Secretary of HHS to develop guidelines for research related to HIVDD organ transplantation. Our study will provide critical information that can be immediately used to address this mandate. If the use of HIVDD can be safely implemented, thousands of lives of HIV-positive and HIV-negative individuals can be saved with potentially the largest expansion of the organ donor pool in the last decade.", "keywords": [ "Address", "Anti-Retroviral Agents", "Antiretroviral drug resistance", "Biologic Characteristic", "Biological Assay", "Biology", "CD4 Lymphocyte Count", "CD4 Positive T Lymphocytes", "Cell Count", "Characteristics", "Charge", "Communicable Diseases", "Congresses", "Data", "Data Collection", "Demographic Factors", "Diagnostic", "Disease", "Donor Selection", "Donor person", "Drug resistance", "End stage renal failure", "Epidemiologist", "Epidemiology", "Evaluation", "Graft Survival", "Guidelines", "HIV", "HIV Infections", "HIV Seronegativity", "HIV Seropositivity", "Health Professional", "Health Services Accessibility", "Hour", "Individual", "Industry", "Infrastructure", "Kidney", "Kidney Transplantation", "Knowledge", "Laboratories", "Liver diseases", "Mass Spectrum Analysis", "Measures", "Medical", "Multi-Drug Resistance", "Observational Study", "Opportunistic Infections", "Organ", "Organ Donations", "Organ Donor", "Organ Procurements", "Organ Transplantation", "Outcome", "Patients", "Pharmaceutical Preparations", "Plasma", "Policies", "Policy Making", "Population", "Prevalence", "Probability", "Process", "Public Health", "Race", "Rapid screening", "Recording of previous events", "Research", "Research Personnel", "Resistance", "Resources", "Risk", "Risk Estimate", "Risk Factors", "Safety", "Scientist", "Socioeconomic Status", "Source", "South Africa", "Surveys", "Testing", "Time", "Transplant Recipients", "Transplant Surgeon", "Transplantation", "Tropism", "United Network for Organ Sharing", "United States National Institutes of Health", "Viral Load result", "Virus", "Wait Time", "Waiting Lists", "antiretroviral therapy", "base", "clinical decision-making", "comorbidity", "deep sequencing", "demographics", "experience", "latent HIV reservoir", "mortality", "multidisciplinary", "novel", "patient subsets", "predictive modeling", "prospective", "public health relevance", "social", "superinfection", "transplant registry", "virology" ], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "11723", "attributes": { "award_id": "1R36HS029568-01", "title": "Unraveling Crisis Text Services: Perceptions and Experiences among Low-income Young Adults with Suicidal Ideation", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 26941, "first_name": "Christopher M", "last_name": "Gaines", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2023-07-01", "end_date": "2024-11-30", "award_amount": 42806, "principal_investigator": { "id": 27593, "first_name": "KATE", "last_name": "LAFORGE", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 768, "ror": "https://ror.org/043mz5j54", "name": "University of California, San Francisco", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "CA", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "Suicide was the third leading cause of death for young adults aged 15-24 in 2021. Young adults experienced increased suicidal ideation during the COVID-19 pandemic and are at an elevated risk for suicidal ideation and suicide attempts. Health systems have struggled to meet the mental health needs of young adults. Crisis text services are free, anonymous, and rapidly accessible resources that can provide critical mental health resources for low-income young adults. In 2020, the largest crisis text service organization engaged in conversations with 844,000 texters, 30% aged 18-24. In July 2022, the federal government established the 988 national suicide crisis line (which connects users to the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline) and volume rose 45% in the first week of service, demonstrating the high demand for crisis text service. Crisis text services can be accessed by young people with low financial resources who may not access care because of rurality, cost, or lack of insurance coverage for mental healthcare. Crisis text services can link to primary care for people who otherwise do not have access to health services and constitute a free resource that clinicians can recommend to patients. Despite the widespread use of crisis text services, little is known about perceptions and experiences using crisis text services among young adults. A better understanding of how young adults use or choose not to use crisis text services during a mental health crisis could improve the effectiveness of crisis text services. This project will use sequential explanatory mixed methods to address two specific aims: Aim 1 Describe low-income young adults' help-seeking behaviors, motivations, barriers to use, and impact of crisis text services for suicidal ideation through a web-based survey with 100-125 low- income young adults who have experienced SI in the past six months. Participants will be recruited using social media. Quantitative close-ended survey items will be analyzed descriptively, describing differences between young adults who engaged with crisis text services and those who did not. Qualitative open-ended survey items will be analyzed using thematic analysis and used to direct the focus of Aim 2 interviews. Aim 2 Explore perceptions of and experiences with crisis text services among low-income young adults with suicidal ideation via in-depth interviewing with adults aged 18-24. The sample will include those who engaged with a crisis text service for suicidal ideation (n=20) and those who did not engage with a crisis text service when experiencing suicidal ideation (n=20). Participants will be recruited via social media, healthcare providers, and local organizations and interviewed via synchronous text, phone, or videoconference. Data will be analyzed using grounded theory. This research will support health service improvements for AHRQ priority populations, including adolescents and those who are low-income and rural. Findings from this study can be used to inform suicide prevention interventions, crisis text service refinement, and as pilot data for future crisis text service research.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "10782", "attributes": { "award_id": "1R01AI173203-01", "title": "Unraveling Human T Follicular Helper Cell Development", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 10255, "first_name": "Joseph J.", "last_name": "Breen", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2022-12-06", "end_date": "2027-11-30", "award_amount": 581189, "principal_investigator": { "id": 26857, "first_name": "Philip A", "last_name": "Mudd", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 827, "ror": "", "name": "WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "MO", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "Neutralizing antibodies are critical for protection from infectious diseases. The lymph node (LN) germinal center (GC) is the site where B cells undergo antibody affinity maturation and develop into long-lived plasma cells – key events that are required for the development of highly effective neutralizing antibodies following infection or vaccination. T follicular helper cells (TFH) are the CD4+ T cell subset responsible for providing B cell help during an ongoing GC. TFH are absolutely required for GC formation and maintenance. By extension, TFH are necessary to produce effective neutralizing antibodies following antigen exposure. While many aspects of the TFH response and TFH function have been examined in animal models, human TFH responses in the draining LN have only recently been explored with the novel application of an established technique: serial ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration of draining LN following vaccination. With this technique, we recently demonstrated that the antigen-specific TFH response to SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein mRNA vaccination persists in the GC for more than 4 months following vaccination and correlates with the presence of S-specific GC B cells. Furthermore, we have noted substantial LN TFH transcriptional phenotypic changes suggestive of functional maturation over this prolonged GC time interval using single cell RNA-seq in a small preliminary cohort. In this proposal, we will expand upon these findings to address our primary hypothesis: human TFH phenotypic maturation occurs over time in the draining LN following vaccination and these phenotypic changes are associated with changes in TFH function. To explore this hypothesis, we propose three specific aims: 1) We will first establish that TFH phenotypic maturation occurs over time in multiple antigen-specific TFH populations that we will define and characterize from a cohort of fourteen COVID-19 mRNA vaccine recipients using single cell RNA-seq and ex vivo epitope identification methods. 2) We will determine how these antigen-specific TFH populations change in a tertiary immune response following COVID-19 mRNA vaccine “boost” and continued serial LN sampling of the same cohort participants. We will also ascertain if new antigen-specific TFH populations are recruited to the GC during a recall response. 3) Finally, we will verify that the profound phenotypic changes we observe lead to changes in the functional capacity of antigen-specific TFH to provide help to B cells using an ex vivo system of sorted human LN TFH and an in vivo murine adoptive transfer model. By addressing these aims, we will significantly enhance our understanding of the role that human TFH play in directing GC B cell responses to vaccination.", "keywords": [ "2019-nCoV", "Activities of Daily Living", "Address", "Adoptive Transfer", "Affinity", "Animal Model", "Antibodies", "Antibody Affinity", "Antigens", "Autologous", "Axillary lymph node group", "B-Cell Development", "B-Lymphocytes", "Biological Assay", "Biological Models", "Blood", "CD4 Positive T Lymphocytes", "COVID-19", "COVID-19 pandemic", "COVID-19 vaccine", "Cell Maturation", "Cell physiology", "Clinical", "Collaborations", "Communicable Diseases", "Data", "Data Set", "Development", "Epitopes", "Event", "Exhibits", "Fine needle aspiration biopsy", "Flow Cytometry", "Genetic Transcription", "Helper-Inducer T-Lymphocyte", "Human", "Human Volunteers", "Immune response", "Immunoglobulin Class Switching", "Immunologist", "Infection", "Influenza vaccination", "Intramuscular", "Knowledge", "Lead", "Maintenance", "Measures", "Memory", "Memory B-Lymphocyte", "Methods", "Modeling", "Mus", "Participant", "Phenotype", "Plasma Cells", "Play", "Population", "Process", "Production", "Proteins", "RNA vaccination", "RNA vaccine", "Reaction", "Role", "SARS-CoV-2 spike protein", "Sampling", "Series", "Signal Transduction", "Site", "Specificity", "Structure of germinal center of lymph node", "Suggestion", "Supporting Cell", "Surface", "System", "T cell receptor repertoire sequencing", "T-Cell Receptor", "T-Lymphocyte Subsets", "Techniques", "Testing", "Time", "Tissues", "Tonsillectomy", "Utah", "Vaccination", "Vaccines", "Variant", "Work", "antigen challenge", "base", "cohort", "cytokine", "deltoid muscle", "draining lymph node", "gene function", "high dimensionality", "human model", "in vivo", "lipid nanoparticle", "lymph nodes", "mouse model", "neutralizing antibody", "novel", "plasma cell development", "recruit", "response", "seasonal influenza", "secondary lymphoid organ", "single-cell RNA sequencing", "time interval", "ultrasound", "vaccine distribution", "vaccine platform" ], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "3811", "attributes": { "award_id": "1656027", "title": "Unraveling the paradox of dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium in upland soils", "funder": { "id": 3, "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62", "name": "National Science Foundation", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "Biological Sciences (BIO)", "ECOSYSTEM STUDIES" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 12496, "first_name": "Matthew", "last_name": "Kane", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2017-07-01", "end_date": "2020-06-30", "award_amount": 150000, "principal_investigator": { "id": 12498, "first_name": "Wendy", "last_name": "Yang", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [ { "id": 281, "ror": "", "name": "University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "IL", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true } ] }, "other_investigators": [ { "id": 12497, "first_name": "Robert A", "last_name": "Sanford", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "awardee_organization": { "id": 281, "ror": "", "name": "University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "IL", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "Nitrogen is a critical nutrient that is often limiting to plants and microbes. Transformations of nitrogen-containing molecules into different chemical forms in soil can regulate whether it is retained in ecosystems to be available for plant and microbial uptake or lost from ecosystems to contribute to water and air pollution. This project will improve understanding of when, where, and why different nitrogen-containing molecules are produced and consumed in forest soils. This project has broad societal implications because of the potential to moderate the effects of human-induced nitrogen inputs on ground- and surface water pollution from soil leaching and gas emission. Knowledge gained from this research can guide future studies to develop best management practices to retain nitrogen in agroecosystems to improve crop yields while reducing nutrient runoff and release from fertilizer use. The project supports an early career female scientist as the principal investigator and contributes to the training of a female graduate student. All project personnel will be involved in the mentoring of undergraduate and high school students in research experiences, including recruiting students who are members of under-represented groups in science and developing a new a short course on Soil Biology for the Illinois 4-H Summer Academy, serving a variety of high school students.\n\nThe process of dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA), carried out by soil microbes, plays a pivotal role in regulating ecosystem nitrogen retention versus loss because nitrate is a more mobile nitrogen-containing molecule than ammonium. By converting nitrate to ammonium, DNRA retains nitrogen in ecosystems to support plant productivity, reduces nitrate loss to ground- and surface waters, and competes with the process of denitrification to decrease gaseous dinitrogen and nitrous oxide losses. Despite its importance, DNRA is generally disregarded and understudied in non-flooded ecosystems on land because of the misconception that the process is restricted to conditions typically found in flooded environments. State-of-the-art stable isotope and molecular techniques will be used to unravel the existing paradoxical understanding of DNRA by answering the following the questions: (1) Where can DNRA occur, and why? (2) which microorganisms are responsible for DNRA? and (3) How important is DNRA relative to denitrification as a fate of nitrate, and what controls the competition between these two pathways? The study will utilize sites across the NSF Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) and Critical Zone Observatory (CZO) Networks. Sites will be selected to represent a range in edaphic properties, climate, and microbial community structure that can control the environmental and genetic potential for DNRA. Laboratory soil microcosm experiments will be used to determine how oxygen and nitrite affect rates of DNRA and other nitrogen transformation processes that interact with DNRA, such as nitrification and denitrification. Stable isotope tracer and pool dilution techniques will be used to measure gross rates of these processes. Illumina sequencing, quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and proteomic analyses will be used to interrogate which microbes perform DNRA and why.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "6245", "attributes": { "award_id": "3R01AI124121-05S1", "title": "Unraveling the role of the CFTR ion channel in susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection and inflammation", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 21142, "first_name": "Nancy", "last_name": "Vazquez-Maldonado", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2020-07-28", "end_date": "2022-01-31", "award_amount": 460500, "principal_investigator": { "id": 21143, "first_name": "Amal O", "last_name": "Amer", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [ { "id": 778, "ror": "", "name": "OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "OH", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true } ] }, "other_investigators": [ { "id": 21144, "first_name": "ESTELLE A", "last_name": "CORMET-BOYAKA", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "awardee_organization": { "id": 778, "ror": "", "name": "OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "OH", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "This administrative supplement (under NIH PA-18-591 Administrative Supplements to Existing NIH Grants and Cooperative Agreements) seeks funding for research responsive to the SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 outbreak that falls within the scope of the ongoing grant 5R01AI124121-05. The original grant (5R01AI124121-05) is focused on understanding the role of the ion channel Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane conductance Regulator (CFTR) on exacerbated inflammation in the airways. Patients with mutations in this ion channel leading to its malfunction develop Cystic Fibrosis (CF), a disease associated with impaired bacterial clearance and increased lung inflammation, which ultimately results in lung failure. As an ion channel, CFTR regulates fluid homeostasis in the lung. In addition, our published studies demonstrated for the first time that macrophages lacking functional CFTR had impaired autophagy resulting in excessive inflammatory profile. In addition to inflammation, the CFTR ion channel plays also a role in fluid homeostasis in the lung such as edema. Relevant to this Supplement, findings from our group show that mice with reduced CFTR (heterozygous) have increased expression of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and SARS-CoV-2 receptor ACE2. The novel emergent pathogen responsible for COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, is a global threat responsible for over 420,000 deaths worldwide as of today and is projected to cause >130,000 deaths in the US alone by the end of June 2020. In Aim 1, we will identify mutations and polymorphisms in the CFTR gene in SARS-CoV-2 positive patients. Aim 2 will determine whether there is a genetic association between CFTR mutations and polymorphisms and severity of respiratory disease. Findings from this study will reveal whether CFTR is a modifier gene to COVID-19. This study will help in the identification of patients prone to respiratory failure or death upon SARS-CoV-2 infection and manage them before they succumb to respiratory failure. Future studies will establish pharmacological compounds that increase CFTR function as new therapeutics for COVID-19.", "keywords": [ "2019-nCoV", "Acute", "Administrative Supplement", "African American", "American", "Angiotensin Receptor", "Autophagocytosis", "Binding", "Biological", "Blood", "Blood Vessels", "COVID-19", "Caucasians", "Cessation of life", "Chronic", "Contracts", "Cystic Fibrosis", "Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator", "DNA", "DNA Sequence", "Disease", "Disease Outbreaks", "Edema", "Endothelial Cells", "Endothelium", "Epithelial Cells", "Ethnic Origin", "Exhibits", "Exons", "Failure", "Female", "Funding", "Future", "Gene Mutation", "Genes", "Genetic Polymorphism", "Genetic Predisposition to Disease", "Grant", "Hereditary Disease", "Hispanics", "Homeostasis", "Impairment", "Individual", "Infection", "Inflammation", "Inflammatory", "Ion Channel", "Lead", "Liquid substance", "Lung", "Lung Inflammation", "Lung diseases", "Modification", "Morbidity - disease rate", "Mus", "Mutation", "Outcome", "Patients", "Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A", "Pharmacology", "Play", "Population", "Predisposition", "Proteins", "Publishing", "Race", "Regulator Genes", "Reporting", "Research", "Respiratory Failure", "Respiratory Tract Infections", "Role", "SARS coronavirus", "Sampling", "Seminal", "Serine Protease", "Severities", "Severity of illness", "Syndrome", "TMPRSS2 gene", "Testing", "Time", "Tissues", "Type 2 Angiotensin II Receptor", "U-Series Cooperative Agreements", "United States National Institutes of Health", "Vaccines", "Viral", "airway epithelium", "cytokine", "cytokine release syndrome", "enhancing factor", "exposure to cigarette smoke", "falls", "genetic association", "high risk", "improved", "infection management", "loss of function", "lung injury", "macrophage", "male", "novel", "novel therapeutics", "pathogen", "pulmonary function decline", "receptor", "response" ], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "13235", "attributes": { "award_id": "2137023", "title": "Unraveling VTA modulation of hippocampal encoding", "funder": { "id": 3, "ror": "https://ror.org/021nxhr62", "name": "National Science Foundation", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "Biological Sciences (BIO)", "Cross-BIO Activities" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 739, "first_name": "Edda", "last_name": "Thiels", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2022-04-01", "end_date": null, "award_amount": 548445, "principal_investigator": { "id": 29296, "first_name": "Olalekan", "last_name": "Ogundele", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 360, "ror": "https://ror.org/05ect4e57", "name": "Louisiana State University", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "LA", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "This award is funded in whole or in part under the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 (Public Law 117-2).<br/><br/>The brain is an organ that stores, compares, and interprets information about the state of the body, and how organisms interact with their environment. There is a wealth of information about objects, time, space, and events available to the organism. However, the storage capacity of the brain, and the volume of information that can be processed – at once – is limited. For this reason, there is a need for the brain to assign priority levels to environmental stimuli and select what is most applicable at a given time point. This mechanism and connections between the brain regions of the brain that controls it are still poorly understood. This research will investigate how two key brain regions concerned with novelty detection work together to continuously classify and prioritize the information to be stored in a continuously changing environment. This research will have a broad impact on society by increasing our knowledge and understanding of cognition in normal states. This research will further have broader impacts by elucidating the role of specific cell types in learning, and how their dysregulation can lead to neurological disorders. Lastly, this research is designed to increase participation in STEM by facilitating the training of students in cutting-edge techniques that can be applied broadly in biomedical science research and industries.<br/><br/>Reciprocal connection between the VTA and hippocampus (CA1) forms a loop that governs novelty detection. While the VTA contains dopamine, glutamate, and GABA neurons, the function of the loop has been primarily attributed to the VTA dopamine projections. The goal of this research is to dissect the functional significance of VTA glutamate projections to the hippocampus, and their role in novelty learning and context discrimination. To achieve this goal, neural recording will be combined with optogenetic modulation of VTA terminals in the CA1 of freely behaving mice. This method will create the premise to address two main objectives; (1) Determine the function of the VTA-CA1 tract in CA1 integration of working memory and context. (2) Ascertain the role of VTA presynaptic inputs in CA1 pyramidal cell-interneuron synchrony. This research will fill gaps in the knowledge and understanding of neural circuits that govern novelty learning and context discrimination behavior. Cutting-edge genetic and electronic tools will be deployed to target and modulate VTA terminals in the CA1 of mice during behavioral tasks. Performing these experiments will significantly increase the understanding of cell-specific projections within the VTA-hippocampus loop. It will also elucidate the function of cell-specific neural circuits that have been overlooked by a traditional focus on VTA dopamine projections.<br/><br/>This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.", "keywords": [], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "15636", "attributes": { "award_id": "1R21AI190589-01", "title": "Unravelling the mechanisms of virus host species jump", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 32138, "first_name": "Susan Soo", "last_name": "Park ochsner", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2025-01-16", "end_date": "2026-12-31", "award_amount": 228435, "principal_investigator": { "id": 32139, "first_name": "Masmudur Mohammed", "last_name": "Rahman", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 912, "ror": "", "name": "ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY-TEMPE CAMPUS", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "AZ", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "Uncovering the mechanisms enabling the cross-species jumps of viruses that happen in nature is essential for our understanding of viral spillovers, most notably those that can result in severe disease outbreaks, for example, the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and Mpox (monkeypox) epidemic. Therefore, studying the evolution of viruses that cause species jumps is essential. Myxoma virus (MYXV), a leporipoxvirus, is nonpathogenic in its evolutionary host (Sylvilagus sp.) but was highly lethal (causing myxomatosis) immediately after it leaped into European rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) in the late 19th century. The introduction of MYXV to control feral European rabbit populations in Australia and Europe in the early 1950s presents the best-documented field example of host-virus co-evolution. In 2018, a new natural MYXV variant was identified in Iberian hares (Lepus granatensis) in Spain, causing a myxomatosis-like disease in hares and wild European rabbits. Between 2018 and 2020, the disease became endemic, with an estimated mean mortality rate of 55% in hares. This newly emerged MYXV variant, named MYXV Toledo (MYXV-Tol) or hare MYXV (ha-MYXV), has acquired a novel insertion of four viral genes “cassette” of ~ 2,800 bp within the M009L gene. The MYXV-Tol genome also includes three disrupted genes (M009L, M152R, and M036L). We recently reported that the C7-like host range gene M159-Tol present in the MYXV-Tol recombination cassette is essential for infection and replication in hare cells, suggesting that M159-Tol may be required for the extreme pathogenicity in hares. Since MYXV-Tol is also isolated from wild European rabbits, we studied the pathogenicity of MYXV-Tol in European rabbits and compared it with MYXV-Lau and the C7-like host range mutant vMyxTol-M159KO. Our results, for the first time, demonstrate that the natural MYXV variant MYXV-Tol has adapted to cause a uniquely different lethal disease and pathogenicity in European rabbits compared to typical myxomatosis caused by MYXV-Lau. Surprisingly, the deletion of M159-Tol had minimal or no effect on the disease progression and pathogenicity of MYXV-Tol in rabbits. Thus, M159-Tol may have adapted hare-specific host tropism functions, and we hypothesize that the additional newly acquired viral genes or the disruptions in some of the ORFs have enabled MYXV-Tol to cause a novel lethal disease in Iberian hares and European rabbits. In this application, we propose investigating the biological mechanisms and genetic changes in the MYXV-Tol that facilitate species leaping and cause novel pathogenicity and disease in European rabbits. Aim 1: Elucidate the biological mechanisms of how MYXV-Tol is causing a novel lethal disease in European rabbits. Aim 2: Define the genetic changes in MYXV causing the novel disease in European rabbits. This information will be essential for future identification of the unique cellular targets for MYXV-Tol. This R21 proposal will enable us to understand how natural genetic changes in poxviruses allow species leaping and sometimes cause a new lethal disease in a new host.", "keywords": [ "Animals", "Attenuated", "Australia", "Automobile Driving", "Biological", "Biological Models", "Body part", "COVID-19 pandemic", "Cell Line", "Cells", "Cellular Tropism", "Climate", "Collaborations", "Cowpox virus", "Cutaneous", "DNA cassette", "Death Rate", "Disease", "Disease Outbreaks", "Disease Progression", "Edema", "Epidemic", "Europe", "European", "Event", "Evolution", "Farm", "Future", "Genes", "Genetic Recombination", "Genome", "Genomics", "Global Change", "Hares", "Horizontal Gene Transfer", "Human", "In Vitro", "Infection", "Kinetics", "Knock-out", "Lagomorpha", "Leporipoxvirus", "Lesion", "Lymphocyte", "Monkeypox", "Monkeypox virus", "Mutation", "Myxoma virus", "Names", "Nature", "Open Reading Frames", "Oryctolagus cuniculus", "Pathogenicity", "Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell", "Polynucleotide Adenylyltransferase", "Population", "Poxviridae", "Primary Lesion", "Proteins", "Reporting", "Site", "Spain", "Testing", "Thymidine Kinase", "Time", "Tissues", "Tropism", "Variant", "Viral", "Viral Genes", "Viral Proteins", "Virion", "Virus", "Weight Gain", "Zoonoses", "anthropogenesis", "cellular targeting", "cross-species transmission", "experimental study", "in vivo", "mutant", "neutralizing antibody", "novel", "programs", "seroconversion" ], "approved": true } } ], "meta": { "pagination": { "page": 1384, "pages": 1424, "count": 14236 } } }