Grant List
Represents Grant table in the DB
GET /v1/grants?page%5Bnumber%5D=1383&sort=keywords
{ "links": { "first": "https://cic-apps.datascience.columbia.edu/v1/grants?page%5Bnumber%5D=1&sort=keywords", "last": "https://cic-apps.datascience.columbia.edu/v1/grants?page%5Bnumber%5D=1424&sort=keywords", "next": "https://cic-apps.datascience.columbia.edu/v1/grants?page%5Bnumber%5D=1384&sort=keywords", "prev": "https://cic-apps.datascience.columbia.edu/v1/grants?page%5Bnumber%5D=1382&sort=keywords" }, "data": [ { "type": "Grant", "id": "6611", "attributes": { "award_id": "3R01HL151292-03S1", "title": "Determinants and Outcomes of Nicotine Metabolite Ratio in HIV + Smokers", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "NIH Office of the Director" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 22197, "first_name": "Sean", "last_name": "Coady", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2020-02-10", "end_date": "2023-01-31", "award_amount": 432874, "principal_investigator": { "id": 22198, "first_name": "Rebecca", "last_name": "Ashare", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [ { "id": 22199, "first_name": "ROBERT", "last_name": "GROSS", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "awardee_organization": { "id": 232, "ror": "https://ror.org/00b30xv10", "name": "University of Pennsylvania", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "PA", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "Smoking rates in people living with HIV (PLWH) exceed 40%, nearly 3x uninfected individuals. Cardiovascular disease (CVD), including myocardial infarction (MI), is common in PLWH, in part due to smoking. Despite availability of smoking cessation pharmacotherapy, cessation rates among PLWH remain low. Frameworks for understanding smoking cessation emphasize biological, psychological, and social factors. However, critical gaps in identifying and addressing biological factors related to tobacco use among PLWH remain. In the general population, the rate at which nicotine is metabolized is an important biomarker of smoking behavior and treatment response. Greater CYP2A6 enzyme activity, as measured by higher nicotine metabolite ratios (NMR), results in: faster nicotine clearance, more cigarettes smoked per day, higher nicotine dependence, greater severity of withdrawal symptoms and reduced cessation. Recent work from our lab found significantly higher NMRs in HIV suggesting effects in HIV may differ. Differences in NMR may be affected by HIV infection and/or antiretroviral therapy (ART). HIV itself may increase NMR as CYP2A6 is induced by inflammation, which may mirror dysregulation caused by HIV infection. ART drugs may alter NMR via other mechanisms: they may reduce NMR by reducing inflammation via viral suppression, reduce NMR via CYP2A6 inhibition, or increase NMR via CYP2A6 induction. And these mechanisms may differ by ART drug. Moreover, the impact of higher NMR on smoking and complications of smoking (e.g., MI) among PLWH are currently unknown. Higher NMR influences smoking topography (e.g., higher puff volume), which is associated with greater exposure to inducers of inflammation and coagulation. While higher NMR increases lung cancer risk, its effect on MI is unknown. We propose to: 1) determine whether NMR is faster after HIV infection, relative to before, 2) determine whether viral suppression decreases NMR and whether the effect differs by ART drugs which do and do not alter CYP2A6 activity, 3) determine whether lower NMR predicts higher smoking cessation rates in PLWH on ART with viral suppression, and 4) determine whether NMR is a risk factor for MI in PLWH. We will conduct retrospective cohort studies with paired specimens for Aims 1 and 2 and nested case-control studies for Aims 3 and 4. Data and specimens will be obtained from the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS) /Women's Intra-agency Health Study (WIHS) and the CFAR Network Integrated Clinical Systems (CNICS) databases and specimen repositories. Elucidating the relationship between HIV, ART, and smoking, may lead to the development of targeted interventions for smokers with HIV infection such as adding drugs that decrease CYP2A6 activity or switching off ART drugs that induce CYP2A6. If NMR is a predictor of MI, it will help us identify a subpopulation of PLWH in more urgent need of interventions. Smokers with HIV lose more life years to tobacco use than to HIV, partly due to increases in smoking-related comorbidities including CVD. Thus, interventions targeting HIV+ smokers may substantially reduce mortality globally.", "keywords": [ "AIDS/HIV problem", "Address", "Affect", "Biological Factors", "Biological Markers", "Biological Specimen Banks", "Blood", "CYP2B6 gene", "Cardiovascular Diseases", "Cardiovascular system", "Clinical", "Coagulation Process", "Cohort Studies", "Complex", "Cotinine", "Country", "Data", "Database Management Systems", "Development", "Enzymes", "Exposure to", "Future", "General Population", "HIV", "HIV Infections", "HIV antiretroviral", "Health", "Heart", "Hepatic", "Income", "Individual", "Infection", "Inflammation", "Intervention", "Lead", "Life", "Life Expectancy", "Lipopolysaccharides", "Lung", "Malignant Neoplasms", "Malignant neoplasm of lung", "Measures", "Metabolism", "Morbidity - disease rate", "Myocardial Infarction", "National Heart Lung and Blood Institute", "Nested Case-Control Study", "Nicotine", "Nicotine Dependence", "Outcome", "Persons", "Pharmaceutical Preparations", "Pharmacotherapy", "Prognosis", "Psychological Factors", "Randomized", "Research", "Retrospective cohort study", "Risk", "Risk Factors", "Severities", "Sleep", "Smoke", "Smoker", "Smoking", "Smoking Behavior", "Smoking Cessation Intervention", "Specimen", "The Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study", "Time", "Tobacco use", "Viral", "Withdrawal Symptom", "Woman", "Work", "antiretroviral therapy", "behavioral response", "cancer risk", "cardiovascular risk factor", "cigarette smoke", "comorbidity", "efavirenz", "enzyme activity", "health disparity", "hydroxycotinine", "inhibitor/antagonist", "innovation", "interest", "isoniazid", "low and middle-income countries", "mortality", "novel marker", "randomized trial", "smoking cessation", "smoking prevalence", "social factors", "treatment response" ], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "10516", "attributes": { "award_id": "1R21AI169362-01A1", "title": "Where there is no death certificate: Using artificial intelligence to detect high-casualty epidemics from satellite imagery of burial sites - Resubmission - 1", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 12912, "first_name": "Misrak", "last_name": "Gezmu", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2022-09-12", "end_date": "2024-08-31", "award_amount": 276776, "principal_investigator": { "id": 26279, "first_name": "Anna", "last_name": "Bershteyn", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 832, "ror": "", "name": "NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "NY", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "Detecting high-casualty epidemics is essential for health authorities to prospectively reduce disease spread and retrospectively address health conditions in an epidemic’s aftermath – which for infectious diseases can include cancer, diabetes, neurodevelopmental disorders, “long COVID,” and other sequelae. Unfortunately, many low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) lack data systems for epidemic detection, and thus are ill- equipped to mobilize resources to reduce the spread of epidemics and address their health effects. The COVID-19 pandemic saw some of the first efforts to detect mortality during an epidemic using satellite imagery of burial sites. Though successful, these were small “one-off” efforts because manual analysis of satellite imagery is extremely labor-intensive. We propose to develop an algorithm for fully-automated measurement of burial site occupancy using satellite imagery. Our exploratory research will focus on Tanzania, which typifies a high-priority use case for such an algorithm because it was hard-hit by the two deadliest pandemics of the past century – HIV/AIDS and COVID-19 – and has not officially reported COVID-19 statistics since May 2020. Our algorithm will act upon already-collected satellite imagery, which can be obtained for any given area of Tanzania – and, indeed, the world – dating no more than two weeks back. In Aim 1, we will develop a region- based convolutional neural network (R-CNN) to automatically count the occupancy of burial sites using the most current available imagery. We will manually label burial plots in images for algorithm training and testing, and will validate the labeling with field visits to count the true occupancy of burial sites. In Aim 2, we will develop a novel “spot-the-difference” CNN (SD-CNN) to compare occupancy in earlier vs. later imagery of the same site. We hypothesize that the SD-CNN will be more accurate than the R-CNN because the algorithm would have information about what a site looked like at an earlier time-point and can be trained to notice new burial plots while ignoring “background” changes such as lighting and vegetation. We again train and test the algorithm using labeled imagery and will validate our labeling with field visits in which we will observe date markers on burial plots. Finally, in Aim 3, we will test the ability of the algorithm to identify changes in mortality due to epidemics. In Tanzania we expect burial sites to show a rise in mortality due to HIV/AIDS, a fall due to scale-up of HIV treatment, and an abrupt rise due to COVID-19. Our preliminary observations of satellite data confirm marked increases in burial site occupancy in Tanzania over the year 2020 relative to 2019. If successful, our algorithm will enable the world’s first low-cost, scalable, and globally equitable epidemic detection platform. Retrospectively, our research could help to identify areas hardest-hit by COVID-19, helping LMICs to marshal much-needed funding to address the pandemic’s aftermath. Prospectively, our research could help to keep humanity safer from future pandemics, especially those that arise in LMICs and may otherwise go undetected or unreported until it is too late.", "keywords": [ "AIDS/HIV problem", "Address", "Africa South of the Sahara", "Algorithmic Analysis", "Algorithms", "Architecture", "Area", "Artificial Intelligence", "Back", "Bereavement", "Burial", "COVID-19", "COVID-19 pandemic", "Cessation of life", "Communicable Diseases", "Containment", "Country", "Data", "Data Collection", "Data Reporting", "Data Sources", "Death Certificates", "Detection", "Diabetes Mellitus", "Disasters", "Disease", "Epidemic", "Event", "Foundations", "Funding", "Future", "Gold", "Growth", "HIV", "Health", "Image", "Imagery", "Information Systems", "Infrastructure", "Label", "Lighting", "Location", "Long COVID", "Malignant Neoplasms", "Manuals", "Marshal", "Measurement", "Methods", "Nature", "Neurodevelopmental Disorder", "Patients", "Performance", "Population", "Poverty", "Process", "Reporting", "Research", "Resolution", "Resources", "Savings", "Site", "Spottings", "Tanzania", "Testing", "Time", "Training", "Trauma", "Validation", "Visit", "Work", "Yemen", "algorithm training", "artificial intelligence algorithm", "authority", "base", "convolutional neural network", "cost", "design", "detection platform", "falls", "food insecurity", "health care service utilization", "health care settings", "health disparity", "image processing", "improved", "innovation", "long-term sequelae", "low and middle-income countries", "machine vision", "mortality", "neural network algorithm", "novel", "pandemic disease", "performance tests", "prevent", "prospective", "scale up", "statistics", "success", "tool", "transfer learning" ], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "5814", "attributes": { "award_id": "3U01HL146192-03S1", "title": "Innovation Fund Application to the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study MACS/Women's Interagency HIV Study WIHS Combined Cohort Study-MWCCS: COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance and Hesitancy (CVHB) Study in People w", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "NIH Office of the Director" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 19969, "first_name": "SEAN FITZGERALD", "last_name": "Altekruse", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2019-04-01", "end_date": "2026-03-31", "award_amount": 33629, "principal_investigator": { "id": 19970, "first_name": "MIRJAM-COLETTE", "last_name": "KEMPF", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [ { "id": 19971, "first_name": "DEBORAH J", "last_name": "KONKLE-PARKER", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "awardee_organization": { "id": 612, "ror": "https://ror.org/008s83205", "name": "University of Alabama at Birmingham", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "AL", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "MWCCS participants are a high-risk group for severe COVID-19 disease in terms of being HIV-infected, predominately of elderly age, and having numerous underlying comorbidities. Therefore, it is imperative for their health that they be vaccinated with the COVID-19 vaccines. To date, however, there are only anecdotal data on COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and efficacy in people with HIV (PWH). The MWCCS is ideal for analyzing (a) the acceptancy and effects of COVID-19 vaccine(s) in male and female PWH and matched HIV- uninfected controls (HUC), (b) the impact of age and co-morbidities on vaccine immune response and protection against COVID-19, and (c) the social, economic, and behavioral changes after COVID-19 immunization as compared to the individuals who will not take the vaccine. To address this issue, we will have two groups of MWCCS participants: Group A: Male and female PWH and HUC who choose to receive a COVID-19 vaccine, Group B: Male and female PWH and HUC who choose NOT to receive a COVID-19 vaccine. The aims of our proposed longitudinal observational study are: Aim 1: To conduct a mixed-methods investigation of the prevalence, correlates, and nuances of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among MWCCS participants. Results will help understand the concerns of PWH and HUC populations regarding COVID-19 vaccines based on age, sex, race/ethnicity, and underlying comorbidity burden. Aim 2: To determine the incidence of natural SARS-CoV-2 infections post-COVID-19 immunization in PWH as compared to HUC of the same age, sex, and ethnicity/race and compare with the incidence of infections in non- vaccinated individuals. We will restrict Aim 2 to obtaining one specimen at baseline, just prior vaccination in Group A, and within comparable time periods for Group B. Subsequent samples collected during the core MWCCS visits will be used in the serological analyzes. These samples will allow us to determine the serological COVID-19 status pre-immunization and post-immunization seroconversions for S and N proteins. The titration of anti-S responses post immunization will indicate vaccine immune response, while anti-N antibody titers will indicate natural SARS-CoV-2 infection. This information will allow the identification of asymptomatic and symptomatic individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2 post-vaccination and in non-vaccinated group.", "keywords": [ "AIDS/HIV problem", "Address", "Age", "Antibody titer measurement", "Behavioral", "COVID-19", "COVID-19 vaccine", "Cohort Studies", "Data", "Disease", "Economics", "Elderly", "Ethnic Origin", "Female", "Funding", "HIV", "Health", "Immune response", "Immunization", "Incidence", "Individual", "Infection", "Investigation", "Longitudinal observational study", "Methods", "Participant", "Population Control", "Positioning Attribute", "Prevalence", "Proteins", "Race", "Recording of previous events", "Research", "SARS-CoV-2 infection", "Sampling", "Serology", "Site", "Specimen", "The Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study", "Time", "Titrations", "Vaccinated", "Vaccination", "Vaccines", "Visit", "Woman", "Women&apos", "s Interagency HIV Study", "base", "comorbidity", "high risk population", "innovation", "male", "men", "response", "seroconversion", "severe COVID-19", "sex", "social", "vaccine acceptance", "vaccine efficacy", "vaccine hesitancy" ], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "5921", "attributes": { "award_id": "3U24AA020801-10S2", "title": "1/3 Alcohol Research Consortium in HIV - Administrative Core (ARCH-AC)", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 20228, "first_name": "Deidra", "last_name": "Roach", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2011-09-15", "end_date": "2022-08-31", "award_amount": 111144, "principal_investigator": { "id": 20229, "first_name": "GEETANJALI", "last_name": "CHANDER", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [ { "id": 20230, "first_name": "MARY E", "last_name": "MCCAUL", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "awardee_organization": { "id": 344, "ror": "https://ror.org/00za53h95", "name": "Johns Hopkins University", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "MD", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "This competitive renewal application for the Alcohol Research Consortium on HIV (ARCH) builds on and extends our very successful administrative and research accomplishments during our initial NIAAA funding period. ARCH is integrated into a well-established, scientifically productive, national HIV clinical cohort, the CFAR Network of Integrated Clinical systems (CNICS), a network of 8 clinical cohorts and over 30,000 persons living with HIV (PLWH) across the United States. This dynamic cohort provides an ideal scientific platform for long-term study of HIV and alcohol through the collection of comprehensive clinical data and specimens as well as uniformly-collected patient reported outcomes. The ARCH consortium consists of the Administrative Core (ARCH-AC), the epidemiological research component (ARCH-ERA), and an intervention research component (ARCH- IRA). In addition, we have embedded a nascent resource core into each of the research components to capitalize on our expertise and expand our capacity in two new and critical areas of high relevance to HIV and alcohol services and research: the Biostatistics Core (housed in the epidemiology grant ARCH-ERA) and an eHealth Technology Core (housed in the intervention grant ARCH-IRA). The overarching goal of our consortium is to improve clinical outcomes and reduce health disparities among PLWH with alcohol misuse through development and testing of tailored interventions (ARCH-IRA) that are informed by real-time data collection and analysis (ARCH-ERA). Specific themes addressed by our consortium include health disparities, precision medicine, implementation science, state-of-the-art biostatistical methodology, and eHealth technology. The ARCH Administrative Core (AC), the focus of this application, is the U24 that provides the infrastructure for oversight, coordination and direction to the consortium, and facilitates the scientific goals of the epidemiology and intervention components of ARCH. The structure includes: an executive committee; a research steering committee which includes a scientific advisory board; key scientific working groups to conceptualize and implement study aims. ARCH-AC is co-led by national experts in alcohol use disorders and HIV, who have over 30 years of combined scientific experience in conducting epidemiologic and clinical research in HIV/AIDS. The AC provides the critical infrastructure to: 1)Facilitate communication, collaboration and integration among ARCH components and investigators, NIAAA collaborators, Scientific Advisory Board, CHAART and other alcohol/HIV consortia; 2)Oversee implementation of the ARCH scientific epidemiologic and interventional aims; 3)Optimize coordination of ARCH resources among the research projects and with outside groups, particularly the data repositories, epidemiologic/ biostatistics support and the investigational expertise; 4)Promote scientific participation of junior investigators new to the field of alcohol and or HIV; 5)Support dissemination of information by ARCH investigators through presentations, publications, web site maintenance and other strategies for public communication.", "keywords": [ "AIDS/HIV problem", "Address", "Alabama", "Alcohol consumption", "Alcohols", "Area", "Biometry", "Biostatistics Core", "Characteristics", "Clinical", "Clinical Data", "Clinical Research", "Cognition", "Collaborations", "Collection", "Committee Members", "Communication", "Communities", "Continuity of Patient Care", "Data Analyses", "Data Collection", "Development", "Drug usage", "Epidemiology", "Faculty", "Foundations", "Funding", "Goals", "Grant", "HIV", "Health", "Health Services Research", "Hepatitis C", "Information Dissemination", "Infrastructure", "Interdisciplinary Study", "Intervention", "Intervention Studies", "Investigation", "Knowledge", "Leadership", "Link", "Longitudinal Studies", "Maintenance", "Mental Health", "Methodology", "National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism", "Outcome", "Patient Outcomes Assessments", "Patients", "Persons", "Primary Health Care", "Publications", "Research", "Research Personnel", "Research Project Grants", "Resources", "Services", "Specimen", "Structure", "System", "Technology", "Testing", "Time", "Treatment outcome", "United States", "United States National Institutes of Health", "Universities", "Visit", "Washington", "Work", "acronyms", "adjudicate", "age related", "alcohol epidemiology", "alcohol measurement", "alcohol misuse", "alcohol research", "alcohol services", "alcohol use disorder", "brief intervention", "burden of illness", "clinical care", "cohort", "comorbidity", "computerized", "data repository", "eHealth", "epidemiology study", "experience", "health disparity", "implementation science", "improved", "medical schools", "precision medicine", "social", "spelling", "technological innovation", "treatment disparity", "web site", "working group" ], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "7001", "attributes": { "award_id": "3U01HL146193-02S3", "title": "Data Analysis and Coordination Center for the MACS-WIHS Combined Cohort Study", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "National Heart Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 7991, "first_name": "SEAN FITZGERALD", "last_name": "Altekruse", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2019-04-01", "end_date": "2026-03-31", "award_amount": 130469, "principal_investigator": { "id": 10049, "first_name": "Gypsyamber", "last_name": "D'Souza", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [ { "id": 344, "ror": "https://ror.org/00za53h95", "name": "Johns Hopkins University", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "MD", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true } ] }, "other_investigators": [ { "id": 10050, "first_name": "Stephen J", "last_name": "Gange", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, { "id": 10051, "first_name": "Elizabeth T", "last_name": "Golub", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "awardee_organization": { "id": 344, "ror": "https://ror.org/00za53h95", "name": "Johns Hopkins University", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "MD", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "The Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS) and the Women's Interagency HIV Study (WIHS) Combined Cohort Study (CCS) is a large, comprehensive, prospective cohort study designed to investigate a spectrum of questions relating to the basic science, clinical science, and epidemiology of HIV infection in the US, with a focus on comorbidities among men and women living with HIV. The purpose of this application is to support the Data Analysis and Coordination Center (DACC) for the CCS. The specific aims of the DACC are: 1) To optimize the contributions of the MACS and the WIHS to the understanding of the pathogenesis and treated history of HIV infection in U.S. adults by providing epidemiological and statistical expertise, and initiating and sustaining successful scientific partnerships, to support the unified science agenda; 2) To coordinate the recruitment of 2,500 new MACS/WIHS-CCS participants, including coordination of the administration of standardized baseline visits across all clinical research sites and integration of data from new recruits with the existing combined database; 3) To coordinate research initiatives and scientific presentations; to facilitate communication amongst CCS and external investigators, Working Groups and committees; to orchestrate study protocol and form revision; to coordinate outcome ascertainment and adjudication of clinical events; and to disseminate key scientific findings; 4) To develop and maintain a web-based data management system to harmonize and integrate data from the MACS and WIHS, as well as manage new data collected per the CCS protocol. We will continue our systems for: tracking the storage and transfer of biological specimens at national repositories, producing annual public data sets, and conducting training in methods that facilitate the appropriate use of study data for local research; and 5) To continue our quality assurance program in partnership with the clinical research sites that integrates expertise in data management, study coordination, statistical methodology, and scientific disciplines.", "keywords": [ "AIDS/HIV problem", "Adherence", "Adult", "American", "Archives", "Basic Science", "Biological", "Biostatistics Core", "Child", "Child Health", "Chronic Disease", "Clinical", "Clinical Sciences", "Cohort Studies", "Collaborations", "Communication", "Data", "Data Analyses", "Data Collection", "Data Set", "Database Management Systems", "Databases", "Discipline", "Epidemiology", "Event", "Faculty", "Funding", "HIV", "HIV Infections", "Institutes", "Joints", "Kidney Diseases", "Knowledge", "Lung", "Lung diseases", "Methodology", "Methods", "Modeling", "Monitor", "National Heart Lung and Blood Institute", "National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease", "National Institute of Child Health and Human Development", "National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases", "National Institute of Drug Abuse", "National Institute of Mental Health", "Online Systems", "Outcome", "Participant", "Pathogenesis", "Periodicity", "Prospective cohort study", "Protocols documentation", "Public Health Schools", "Publications", "Recording of previous events", "Research", "Research Design", "Research Personnel", "Research Project Grants", "Resources", "Science", "Site", "Specimen", "Standardization", "System", "The Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study", "Training", "United States National Institutes of Health", "Visit", "Woman", "Women’s Interagency HIV Study", "adjudication", "clinical research site", "cohort", "comorbidity", "data centers", "data integration", "data management", "data standards", "experience", "men", "operation", "programs", "quality assurance", "recruit", "repository", "working group" ], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "6400", "attributes": { "award_id": "3U24AA022002-08S1", "title": "Southern HIV and Alcohol Research Consortium Administrative and Research Support Core", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 21528, "first_name": "Deidra", "last_name": "Roach", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2012-09-25", "end_date": "2023-03-31", "award_amount": 152332, "principal_investigator": { "id": 21529, "first_name": "Robert L", "last_name": "Cook", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 158, "ror": "https://ror.org/02y3ad647", "name": "University of Florida", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "FL", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "It is not clear whether the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has differentially affected HIV outcomes or drinking behavior among rural or ethnic minority populations. Understanding how COVID-19 changes HIV care and alcohol use could strengthen future HIV and alcohol care delivery to increase the resilience of these programs. Access to health research is also adversely affected by COVID-19. This shift to telehealth has potential to help clinicians and researchers connect with hard-to-reach populations. However, we need to understand feasibility and acceptability of telehealth by persons living with HIV (PLWH) if we are to extend research and improve delivery of alcohol interventions and HIV care in the future. This request is supplementary to U24AA022002, providing supportive infrastructure to the Southern HIV Alcohol Research Consortium (SHARC), including the FL Cohort. The objective of the FL Cohort is to better understand barriers and facilitators to viral suppression, focusing on alcohol use. However, the planned FL Cohort will not be able to distinguish if changes in alcohol use or HIV care are due to COVID-19, and will not have sufficient persons from rural or Haitian communities to assess differential effects in these underserved populations. This supplement will help determine how COVID-related social isolation and COVID disease have influenced the HIV care continuum, alcohol use and treatment, and acceptance of telehealth, stated interests in NOT-AA-20- 011 and high priority HIV research areas. The aims of this supplement are to: 1) Determine the impacts of COVID disease and related changes in psychosocial factors (e.g., loneliness, social support, economic insecurity, domestic violence) on alcohol use and HIV-related care and health outcomes (ART adherence, care engagement, and viral suppression) as assessed before and during social distancing measures; 2) Extend FL Cohort recruitment into rural areas and the Haitian community, and compare the psychosocial effects, changes in drinking, and HIV-related outcomes in rural vs. urban settings and within the Haitian community. 3) Assess the feasibility, acceptability, and interest in remote enrollment and data collection for research, and delivery of alcohol interventions and HIV clinical care among patients and providers, and compare optimal strategies across socio-demographic groups (e.g., age cohort, rural vs. urban, ethnic groups). We will accomplish these aims by adding an additional COVID-related questionnaire to the existing measures in the parent FL Cohort study, recruiting and additional 150 persons from rural areas and the Haitian community who will complete a single, “light” version of the study, and conducting qualitative interviews from PLWH and healthcare personnel to better understand how we can learn from the crisis to adapt new interventions. The study will have impact by directly informing strategies related to implementation of alcohol and HIV interventions, by expanding our knowledge related to the impact of a new infectious disease pandemic on drinking and HIV outcomes, and by enhancing the overall representativeness of our cohort sample.", "keywords": [ "AIDS/HIV problem", "Adherence", "Affect", "Age", "Alcohol consumption", "Alcohols", "Americas", "Area", "COVID-19", "COVID-19 pandemic", "Caring", "Clinical", "Cohort Studies", "Communicable Diseases", "Communities", "Continuity of Patient Care", "Coronavirus", "County", "Data", "Data Collection", "Data Reporting", "Disease", "Domestic Violence", "Economics", "Elderly", "Enrollment", "Epidemic", "Ethnic group", "Event", "Florida", "Funding", "Future", "HIV", "Haitian", "Health", "Health Personnel", "Healthcare", "Incidence", "Infrastructure", "Intervention", "Interview", "Knowledge", "Learning", "Left", "Light", "Loneliness", "Measures", "Medical", "Outcome", "Parents", "Participant", "Patient Self-Report", "Patients", "Persons", "Population", "Populations at Risk", "Positioning Attribute", "Prevalence", "Provider", "Psychosocial Factor", "Questionnaires", "Reporting", "Research", "Research Activity", "Research Personnel", "Research Support", "Resources", "Rural", "Rural Minority", "Sampling", "Shock", "Social Distance", "Social isolation", "Social support", "State Interests", "System", "Telemedicine", "Treatment/Psychosocial Effects", "Underserved Population", "Viral", "Visit", "Vulnerable Populations", "Work", "alcohol abuse therapy", "alcohol intervention", "alcohol misuse", "alcohol research", "care delivery", "care outcomes", "clinical care", "cohort", "comorbidity", "coronavirus disease", "drinking", "drinking behavior", "ethnic minority population", "experience", "improved", "interest", "member", "novel coronavirus", "pandemic disease", "programs", "recruit", "resilience", "rural area", "rural setting", "rural underserved", "sociodemographic group", "surveillance data", "telehealth", "treatment program", "urban setting" ], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "5493", "attributes": { "award_id": "3R01AI148378-03S1", "title": "MVA based SARS-CoV-2 vaccines", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 19125, "first_name": "Anjali", "last_name": "Singh", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2019-08-15", "end_date": "2022-07-31", "award_amount": 187664, "principal_investigator": { "id": 19126, "first_name": "Rama Rao RAO", "last_name": "Amara", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 265, "ror": "https://ror.org/03czfpz43", "name": "Emory University", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "GA", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "The overall goal of this proposal is to develop effective prophylactic vaccines against the novel SARS Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection that has recently emerged as a pandemic across the world. The SARS-CoV-2 has already infected more than 120,000 people and over 4000 people died due to COVID-19, a disease caused by SARS-CoV-2. Thus, there is an urgent need for the development of a vaccine that can rapidly induce anti-viral immunity and prevent infection. Previous data from other related coronavirus infections such as SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV demonstrate that a strong neutralizing antibody response against the spike protein can effectively prevent infection. Thus, a primary goal of this proposal is to develop a modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA) based vaccine that expresses SARS-CoV-2 spike protein to generate a rapid and strong neutralizing antibody response both in systemic and mucosal compartments. There are several advantages to MVA based vaccines that include their excellent safety and a single dose of MVA vaccination can provide protection against multiple virus infections including SARS-CoV, MERS, Zika and Ebola viruse. A novel aspect of this proposal is that we will compare the immunogenicity and protective ability of different forms of the spike protein with a goal of inducing neutralizing antibodies against both SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV. This proposal has two specific aims. The goal of Aim 1 is to generate MVA vaccines and characterizing the anti-spike antibody response in mice. We will also compare parenteral (i.m.) vs mucosal (intranasal) vaccinations to determine the best route for inducing mucosal antibody response. The goal of Aim 2 is to evaluate the protective efficacy of the MVA-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. There is an urgent and unmet need to develop and characterize small animal models for evaluating vaccine efficacy against SARS-CoV2. Mice have served as an excellent model system to not only understand immunity to the related SARS virus but also for evaluating vaccines and antiviral therapeutics. In this Aim, we will develop and characterize a mouse model of SARS-CoV2 infection and use this model to test the protective efficacy of our MVA-based vaccine candidates. The completion of these studies will not only provide a mouse model for SARS-CoV2 infection but also develop vaccine candidates against SARS-CoV2.", "keywords": [ "AIDS/HIV problem", "Adjuvant", "Affinity", "Agonist", "Amino Acids", "Animal Model", "Animals", "Antibodies", "Antibody Formation", "Antibody Response", "Antigens", "Autologous", "Avidity", "Binding", "Cavia", "Cells", "Complex", "Development", "Enterotoxins", "Epitopes", "Failure", "Formulation", "Goals", "HIV", "HIV Envelope Protein gp120", "HIV Infections", "HIV Vaccine Trials Network", "HIV vaccine", "HIV-1", "Human", "Humoral Immunities", "Immune", "Immunization", "Infection prevention", "Laboratories", "Link", "Macaca", "Macaca mulatta", "Modality", "Modeling", "Modified Vaccinia Virus Ankara", "Molecular", "Molecular Conformation", "Mosaicism", "Mucous Membrane", "Mutation", "Oryctolagus cuniculus", "Pathogenicity", "Periodicity", "Proteins", "Regimen", "Resistance", "SIV", "Secondary Immunization", "Specificity", "TLR7 gene", "TNFSF5 gene", "Testing", "Thailand", "Time", "Vaccination", "Vaccines", "Virus", "Virus Diseases", "aluminum sulfate", "base", "cartilage matrix protein", "cross reactivity", "design", "disulfide bond", "efficacy trial", "env Gene Products", "immunogenicity", "improved", "mutant", "nanoparticle", "neutralizing antibody", "nonhuman primate", "novel", "novel vaccines", "prevent", "protective efficacy", "response", "scaffold", "simian human immunodeficiency virus", "vaccine efficacy" ], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "6349", "attributes": { "award_id": "3R21AG061365-02S1", "title": "COVID-19, Social Distancing and Spouse/Partner Caregiving for those with Alzheimer's Disease", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "National Institute on Aging (NIA)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 21402, "first_name": "Melissa S", "last_name": "Gerald", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2019-02-01", "end_date": "2022-01-31", "award_amount": 214433, "principal_investigator": { "id": 21403, "first_name": "Toni", "last_name": "Calasanti", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [ { "id": 839, "ror": "", "name": "VIRGINIA POLYTECHNIC INST AND ST UNIV", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "VA", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true } ] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 839, "ror": "", "name": "VIRGINIA POLYTECHNIC INST AND ST UNIV", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "VA", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "This administrative supplement extends a qualitative study of same-sex and heterosexual older adults who care for their spouses/partners with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias. The original research seeks to pinpoint how caregivers draw upon existing gender repertoires – sets of skills and resources learned over the life course that affirm gender identities formed in relation to the gender division of labor—in performing their care work. The resulting caregiving approaches influence the particular areas of care work that these caregivers find problematic, the ways they might respond to these challenges, and the extent to which such strategies help caregivers effectively perform their work. This study asks how sexual orientation shapes gender repertories, given that the division of labor among gay and lesbian couples must be negotiated, and examines how this shapes caregiving approaches and experiences. The emergence of COVID-19 and such containment measures as social distancing have created a situation with which all AD caregivers must contend, regardless of gender or sexual orientation; however, the ways in which they do so likely exhibit some differences. This administrative supplement builds upon the parent study and seeks to explore the impact of COVID-19 and social distancing across time and caregiving groups. The proposed supplemental study will involve re-interviewing previous respondents from the parent study to identify similarities and differences in terms of what caregivers find challenging, and the strategies they use to deal with these difficulties. Understanding the ways that COVID-19 and social distancing shape these caregiving experiences will provide much needed information on caregiving performed by LG and heterosexual spouses/partners while also revealing how gender and sexual orientation shape what caregivers perceive to be challenging, the strategies they use to cope with these, and the resources they have available to them. Knowledge gained from the study will have implications for both policy-makers and practitioners who seek to develop effective interventions to support caregivers and prevent negative physical and mental health outcomes.", "keywords": [ "AIDS/HIV problem", "Administrative Supplement", "Adult", "Affect", "Alzheimer&apos", "s Disease", "Alzheimer&apos", "s disease caregiver", "Alzheimer&apos", "s disease related dementia", "Area", "Behavioral", "COVID-19", "COVID-19 pandemic", "Caregiver Burden", "Caregiver support", "Caregivers", "Caring", "Cognitive", "Communities", "Containment", "Couples", "Distress", "Elderly", "Exhibits", "Foundations", "Funding", "Future", "Gays", "Gender", "Gender Identity", "Health", "Heterosexuals", "Home environment", "Husband", "Individual", "Intervention", "Interview", "Knowledge", "Lead", "Lesbian", "Life Cycle Stages", "Measures", "Mediation", "Memory", "Mental Health", "Outcome", "Parents", "Pattern", "Perception", "Policy Maker", "Quality of life", "Research", "Resources", "Respondent", "Same-sex", "Sex Orientation", "Shapes", "Shelter facility", "Social Distance", "Social support", "Source", "Spouse Caregiver", "Spouses", "Structure", "Time", "Vulnerable Populations", "Wife", "Work", "base", "care recipients", "caregiving", "combat", "effective intervention", "experience", "human old age (65+)", "informal caregiving", "informal support", "men", "pandemic disease", "parent grant", "physical conditioning", "prevent", "response", "skills" ], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "8567", "attributes": { "award_id": "3P01AI100148-08S1", "title": "Enhancement of the HIV Antibody Database tool for Open Science", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 10076, "first_name": "Que", "last_name": "Dang", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2021-08-31", "end_date": "2022-11-30", "award_amount": 139981, "principal_investigator": { "id": 22409, "first_name": "Pamela J", "last_name": "Bjorkman", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [ { "id": 211, "ror": "https://ror.org/05dxps055", "name": "California Institute of Technology", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "CA", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true } ] }, "other_investigators": [ { "id": 13019, "first_name": "Michel C", "last_name": "Nussenzweig", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [ { "id": 763, "ror": "https://ror.org/0420db125", "name": "Rockefeller University", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "NY", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true } ] } ], "awardee_organization": { "id": 211, "ror": "https://ror.org/05dxps055", "name": "California Institute of Technology", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "CA", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "The goal of our P01 HIVRAD Project is to advance our germline-targeting approach to HIV-1 vaccine design by cycles of immunogen design and testing in transgenic mice and macaques. The experiments proposed in this P01 grant will produce candidate immunogens for testing in macaques by collaborator Dr. Malcolm Martin and for vaccine trials in humans. One innovative aspect of the project is its integrated approach to structure determination and immunogen design, selection, and evaluation - the same people solving structures are also involved with immunogen design and screening, allowing a rapid and informed cycle of iterative improvements of immunogens. As part of this integrated approach, the Bjorkman lab has developed the software package HIV Antibody Database, which was designed to enable frictionless access to, comparisons of, and analyses of broadly neutralizing anti-HIV antibody sequences, structures, and neutralization data. This program includes a data analysis tool to identify HIV-1 Env sequence features responsible for neutralization/binding potency variability across strains. This innovative tool has allowed us to determine key interactions at Ab/Env interfaces using a combination of structural and bioinformatics analyses. We propose to enhance the HIV Antibody Database tool by improving its robustness and sustainability by integrating publicly available data streams, adopting standard formats for input and output of structural data, optimizing performance, and integrating another program developed by the Bjorkman lab, Variant Database, which can query a viral mutational landscape. Variant Database can quickly search SARS-CoV-2 genome datasets with over a million sequences. Thus, it can be used to detect emerging mutation patterns that might be overlooked in conventional phylogenetic analyses. We propose to generalize Variant Database to analyze different virus taxa, including HIV-1. Variant Database will be enhanced to be more robust and sustainable, and this version will be integrated with HIV Antibody Database.", "keywords": [ "AIDS/HIV problem", "Adopted", "Adoption", "Animal Model", "Antibodies", "Antigens", "Binding", "Bioinformatics", "Computer software", "Data", "Data Analyses", "Data Science", "Data Set", "Data Sources", "Databases", "Development", "Ensure", "Evaluation", "Goals", "Grant", "HIV Antibodies", "HIV-1", "HIV-1 vaccine", "Human", "Knowledge", "Macaca", "Mutation", "Output", "Pattern", "Performance", "Phylogenetic Analysis", "Public Health", "Pythons", "SARS-CoV-2 genome", "Scheme", "Secure", "Software Tools", "Source", "Standardization", "Structure", "Testing", "Transgenic Mice", "Vaccine Design", "Vaccines", "Variant", "Viral", "Virus", "analytical tool", "base", "data archive", "data streams", "design", "experimental study", "genomic epidemiology", "improved", "innovation", "interoperability", "neutralizing antibody", "open data", "open source", "programs", "reconstruction", "screening", "software development", "tool", "vaccine trial" ], "approved": true } }, { "type": "Grant", "id": "8426", "attributes": { "award_id": "1G13LM013554-01", "title": "Sickness and Power: The Great North American Epizootic Flu of 1872", "funder": { "id": 4, "ror": "https://ror.org/01cwqze88", "name": "National Institutes of Health", "approved": true }, "funder_divisions": [ "National Library of Medicine (NLM)" ], "program_reference_codes": [], "program_officials": [ { "id": 10715, "first_name": "YANLI", "last_name": "WANG", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [] } ], "start_date": "2021-07-01", "end_date": "2024-06-30", "award_amount": 49773, "principal_investigator": { "id": 24187, "first_name": "Thomas G", "last_name": "Andrews", "orcid": null, "emails": "", "private_emails": "", "keywords": null, "approved": true, "websites": null, "desired_collaboration": null, "comments": null, "affiliations": [ { "id": 1583, "ror": "", "name": "UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "CO", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true } ] }, "other_investigators": [], "awardee_organization": { "id": 1583, "ror": "", "name": "UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO", "address": "", "city": "", "state": "CO", "zip": "", "country": "United States", "approved": true }, "abstract": "The recent outbreak of COVID-19 and the upswing in seasonal influenza this winter offer pressing reminders of the enduring, even intensifying dangers that emergent zoonotic diseases— disorders caused by pathogens that jump across species divides—pose to human health. Historians of medicine and other scholars have long recognized the power of such diseases to shape human history. Yet few works in epidemiological history have attended to the complicated relationships that continue to link pathogens, humans, other-than-human animals, and the natural and built ecosystems that connect the lives—and, often, the deaths—of these disparate organisms. This proposal seeks to remedy this gap by supporting the completion of a Geographic Information System (GIS) and scholarly book examining the Great Epizootic Influenza of 1872. This little-known disease event began in Toronto’s market-farming hinterland, where the continuous exchange of pathogens between humans, horses, other farm animals, and wild waterfowl set the stage for the evolution of a new and unprecedentedly virulent form of influenza A virus. Within weeks, swarms of the new virus had engulfed metropolitan Toronto. It took just another month for the disease to spread throughout southeastern Canada and the northeastern U.S. By summer 1873, flu had sickened well over 90% of the horses, mules, and asses in the U.S., Canada, Cuba, Mexico, the Indigenous Nations of the West, and parts of Central America. As it achieved continental proportions, the Great Epizootic prompted economic paralysis, debate about the malady’s nature and treatment, and more than a little soul-searching over human use and misuse of “the noble horse.” Although the disease seemed to dissipate in fall 1873, recent scientific studies strongly suggest that the new flu type responsible for the Great Epizootic lived on and continued to adapt. Descendants of this viral type went on to develop the ability to infect human populations, too, most notably in the Great Pandemic of 1918-’20, a worldwide influenza outbreak that killed at least 50 million people. This proposal supports research in historical documents, the integration of evidence from these primary sources into a Geographic Information System (GIS), and the completion of a scholarly book that casts the Great Epizootic Flu as an unheralded but momentous event in disease history. Employing methodologies and findings from virology, evolutionary ecology, animal behavior, environmental history, and other fields, and adopting a transnational perspective that tracks this outbreak across regional, national, and tribal boundaries, this book offers fresh insights into the past, present, and future of influenza and the many other infectious diseases that don novel configurations—and hence new powers to endanger human and animal health alike—by passing from species to species.", "keywords": [ "AIDS/HIV problem", "Adopted", "American", "Animal Behavior", "Animals", "Antisepsis", "Archives", "Area", "Avian Influenza", "Behavior", "Books", "Boston", "Buffaloes", "Businesses", "COVID-19", "COVID-19 outbreak", "Canada", "Case Study", "Cause of Death", "Central America", "Cessation of life", "Communicable Diseases", "Complex", "Cuba", "Disease", "Disease Outbreaks", "Domestic Fowls", "Donkeys", "Ebola", "Ecology", "Economics", "Ecosystem", "Environment", "Epidemiology", "Epistemology", "Equine mule", "Equus caballus", "Event", "Evolution", "Fire - disasters", "Flu virus", "Frequencies", "Future", "Geographic Information Systems", "Germ", "Goals", "Gossypium", "Government", "Growth", "HIV", "Health", "History of Medicine", "Human", "Indigenous", "Influenza", "Influenza A virus", "Information Technology", "Instruction", "Life", "Light", "Link", "Literature", "Livestock", "Medical Geography", "Medicine", "Methodology", "Mexico", "Modernization", "Movement", "Nature", "North America", "Northern America", "Organism", "Panic", "Paralysed", "Pathogenicity", "Pattern", "Periodicals", "Physicians", "Play", "Pneumonia", "Population", "Population Density", "Publications", "Publishing", "Recording of previous events", "Records", "Reporting", "Research", "Research Support", "Role", "Rural", "Scientist", "Shapes", "Social Behavior", "Societies", "Source", "Speed", "Steam", "System", "Testing", "Therapeutic", "Time", "Training", "Transportation", "Vaccination", "Viral", "Virulence", "Virulent", "Virus", "Visualization", "War", "Work", "ZIKA", "Zoonoses", "antimicrobial", "diaries", "epidemiology study", "epizootic", "falls", "flu", "government documents", "influenza outbreak", "insight", "metropolitan", "microorganism", "newspaper article", "novel", "pandemic disease", "pandemic influenza", "pathogen", "seasonal influenza", "social", "theories", "tool", "transmission process", "virology" ], "approved": true } } ], "meta": { "pagination": { "page": 1383, "pages": 1424, "count": 14236 } } }